Objective To study the pathology mechanism of vascular dementia(VD)rats and study the effect of Bushenxingnao(BSXN)prescription on cerebral neurocyte apoptosis.Method Experimental VD model rats were caused by clipping two side of total artery in neck repeatedly and to examine cerebral neurocyte apoptosis with TUNEL.Results Both the high and low dose BSXN abated excitatory toxic infury and inhibit neurocyte apoptosis after ischemia-refusion.Conclusion BSXN prescription can repress cerebral neurocyte apoptosis,to abate its excitatory nerotoxicity,to protect cerebral neurocyte,which may be one of the mechanisms of to treating the lesion.

Objective To explore the efficacy of liver retransplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) patients with or without HCC recurrence.Method 131 cases of retransplantation performed between 2003 and 2012 were analyzed retrospectively.Their first and second liver transplantations were both performed in our hospital.Diagnoses of their primary diseases before transplantations were confirmed pathologically after the first transplantation.Patients were divided into two groups in terms of benign causes and HCC.Results Sixty cases were fallen into benign disease group and 65 cases into HCC group.The proportions of main causes of retransplantation were similar between two groups.The graft survival rate of early retransplantation (retransplantation performed within 30 days after the first transplantation) and late retransplantation (retransplantation performed beyond 30 days after the first transplantation) was calculated and compared respectively due a great difference in survival rate between the two phrases.The deaths of HCC patients with HCC recurrence before retransplantation were more than those without HCC recurrence (P＜0.01) and benign disease group.The 5-year cumulated survival rate was close between HCC patients without recurrence before retransplantation (51.0％) and benign disease group (51.8％).Conclusion The retransplantation after HCC recurrence has an unacceptable prognosis.The survival rate was similar between patients without HCC recurrence and patients with benign diseases.HCC patients without recurrence should not be restrained from retransplantation just for the HCC history.

objective To investigate the clinicopathological features of mini-cancer of the stomach. Method In this study,out of 296 early gastric cancer cases there were 34 cases of early gastric cancer in which tumor diameter was≤10 mm,among those there were 5 cases with tumor size≤2 mm and 29 cases of the size 2～10 mm. Result Mini-cancer accunted for 2% of all early gastric cancers in this series:All these mini-cancers were of intramucosal cancer(100%),while that took up to 45%in control group in which tumors were between≥2 mm and≤10 mm:Tumors were high or moderately differentiated pathologically in 100%of mini-cancers and 55%in control group.None of mini-cancer patients had lymph node metastasis,however,1 of 29 patients in control group had lymph node metastasis.Both groups had no blood vessel and lymphatic vessel invasion:The differentiation concordance rate between superficial lesions and invasive fronts in mini-cancer was 100%,higher than 86%in control group. Conclusion Gastric mini-cancer is usually of high differentiation,low tumor invasion and low rate of lympy node metastasis than control group.Endoscopic therapy is applicable for most gastric mini-cancers.

Objective To assess the clinical application of Cylex ImmuKnow assay in patients with renal dysfunction after liver transplantation for individualized immunosuppressive therapy.Method Twenty adult patients undergoing liver transplant between January 2009 and December 2011 received regular ImmuKnow assay monitoring combined with determination of serum tacrolimus trough concentration to guide immunosuppressive regimens,all of whom showed sustained renal dysfunction 6 months after transplant with normal and stable liver function.Clinical data were collected to observe the changes of renal function in those patients after treatment.Results The recipients were followedup for 15-54 months,received ImmuKnow assay 61 times and the results fluctuated 33-943 μg/L [median 282 μg/L,interquartile range (IQR) 267 μg/L].After ImmuKnow monitoring,serum creatinine level in patients was decreased significantly from median 151.8 μmol/L with IQR 44.9 μmol/L to median 114.9 μmol/L with IQR 35.3 μmol/L (Z =-3.845,P =0.000),and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) was increased significantly from median 0.746 mL/s with IQR 0.025 mL/s to median 1.005 mL/s with IQR 0.454 mL/s (Z =-3.771,P =0.000).ImmuKnow results showed a linear correlation with the white blood cell count in patients (Spearman correlation coefficient r =0.429,P =0.001),but no linear correlation with the patients' age,primary disease before transplantation,postoperative time,serum tacrolimus trough concentration,lymphocyte count,CD3+ T lymphocyte count,CD4+ T lymphocyte count or CD4+/CD8+ T lymphocyte ratio (P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Cylex IrmmuKnow assay can be applied in patients with renal dysfunction after liver transplantation for individualized immunosuppressive therapy monitoring,which is of certain clinical value.

Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Benzamides ; therapeutic use ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Exons ; Gastrectomy ; methods ; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors ; drug therapy ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Imatinib Mesylate ; Liver Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; secondary ; Male ; Piperazines ; therapeutic use ; Point Mutation ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; genetics ; metabolism ; Pyrimidines ; therapeutic use

Objective To analyze the clinical diagnosis and treatment strategies of liver-localized posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disease (LL-PTLD).Methods Six cases of LL-PTLD from more than 3000 cases of liver transplant recipients from July 2003 to July 2011 were retrospectively analyzed.Other six cases of LL-PTLD were retrieved through Pubmed and Wanfang.The diagnosis and treatment of 12 cases of LL-PTLD were summarized and analyzed.Results All patients with LL-PTLD were diagnosed pathologically.The incidence of LL-PTLD was 0.2％ (6/3000).Among 12 patients,immunosuppressant and anti-EB virus treatment was reduced or withdrawn in the vast majority of patients,and treatment response was satisfactory.Systemic chemotherapy was given in 6 cases,and three of them died.Local radiation therapy was given in 4 cases,the tumor was significantly controled,and patients survived.Secondary liver transplantation was performed on 3 cases: 1 case died of recurrent lymphoma,and one case received partial hepatectomy and no lymphoma recurred.Conclusion For cases with obstructive symptoms of fever and chills associated with jaundice without reasonable explanation,LL-PTLD is suspected and diagnosed by liver biopsy.Basic treatments such as adjustment of immunosuppressive agents and anti-viral therapy are recommended as early as possible.Local radiation therapy is a treatment method of LL-PTLD,which can obtain a satisfactory therapeutic effect.

Objective Small-for-size syndrome (SFSS) is a common and serious problem after living donor liver transplantation (LDLT) of small grafts.To prevent SFSS by selecting large enough graft,enlarging outflow tract,and controlling the portal vein pressure and flow during LDLT.Methods 113 adult LDLT recipients were reviewed from Dec.1,2007 to Nov.30,2009.Enlarging the portal outflow tract by the incision of the anterior rim of the orifice of the right hepatic vein (RHV),modificating graft inflow,and selecting large enough graft were done to prevent SFSS.The relationship between the patients' GRWR,portal vein flow,portal vein pressure and the occurrence of SFSS was analyzed.Results All patients received the outflow orifice modification.The portal vein pressure and the portal vein flow were decreased after spleen artery ligation.No SFSS ocurred.Conclusion Selecting large enough liver graft,and enlarging portal vein inflow and outflow were safe for the LDLT recipients,and can effectively prevent SFSS.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathological characteristics of retransplantation for intrahepatic recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) after liver transplantation (LT).Methods In a center hospital of organ transplantation setting,9 patients after primary liver transplantation had intrahepatic recurrence and received retransplantation,and 12 patients in control group were not subjected to LT over the same period.The follow-up period was 10 to 58 months.Results As compared the pathological characteristics of secondary transplanted liver with primary thansplanted liver,there was significant difference in tumor differentiation (grade Ⅱ,Ⅲ and Ⅳ)between primary group (33％,67％ and 0) and secondary group (22％,22％ and 56％) (P＜0.01).After primary liver transplantation,median of tumor free survival was 15.0 months.After secondary liver transplantation,median of survival was 5.8 months,and median of tumor free survival was 2.5 months.In control group,median of tumor free survival was 13.0 months,and total survival survival was 17.6 months.In transplantation group and control group,1-,2-,and 3-year cumulative survival rate was 89％,44％,33％ and 91％,45％,9％ respectively,with the difference being not statistically significant (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion It is high risk of vascular invasion for tumor recurrence.The differentiation grade of recurrent tumor is lower.The sign of intrahepatic recurrence of HCC after liver transplantation may be early and local clinical characteristics of tumor cell disseminating and metastasis before and during operation,and it is not recommended to perform retransplantation.

Objective　To investigate the role of bacterial DNA in systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS). Methods　A total of 100 mice of Kunming species were divided into ten groups: E.coli DNA (30, 20, 10, 5 and 1 mg/kg ), 30 mg/kg of CT DNA, 60Co DNA, DNased DNA, organic residue of DNA extraction and sterile water control. The last two were pre-treated with D-galactoamine (600 mg/kg intra peritoneally). Animals were administratively injected via tail vein. General physical condition and the death rate of mice were observed within 48 h. Results　①Obvious lethal effect of double strand E.coli DNA on mice were observed with a dose-effect correlation, LD50=11.51 mg/kg. ②NO difference in death rate was found in the group of 30 mg/kg E.coli DNA with or without 60Co irradiation (10/10 and 8/10,P>0.05). ③No rats died in the group of DNased DNA, organic residue of DNA extraction and calf thymic DNA (0/10). Conclusion　Bacterial DNA may play an important role in the development of SIRS.

ObjectiveTo study the role of middle hepatic vein (MHV) on the early function and regeneration of the donor remnant liver in living donor liver transplantation (LDLT).Methods Between August 2007 and August 2008,66 LDLT were performed,36 without MHV (group A),and 30 with MHV (group B) in the donor liver.The donor operation time,intraoperative blood loss,postoperative hospital stay,serum bilirubin,international normalized ratio (INR),alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and albumin were analyzed.We measured the volume of remnant liver with CT scan at 2 weeks after operation,and compared the function and regeneration of the remnant liver between the two groups. Results At 2 weeks after operation,there was no significant difference (P=0.16) in the volume of remnant liver between group A (959.3±195.2 ml) and group B (883.7±155.5 ml).There was also no difference (P=0.62) in the regeneration rate of segment IV between group A (78.2 ％ ± 29.1 ％) and group B (82.7 ％ ± 40.4％).The serum bilirubin,INR and ALT in group B was significantly higher than group A immediately after liver transplantation,but there was no difference at 1 week after transplantation.ConclusionExtended right hepatectomy with MHV was safe,and did not significantly impact early liver function and regeneration in the donor.