Dental Impression Materials ; Disinfection

Objective To investigate the clinical diagnostic and differential diagnostic values of antisense non-coding RNA in the INK4 locus (ANRIL) and tumor suppressors (p14ARF, p15INK4b and p16INK4a) mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes of patients with cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Methods The patients with hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis admitted in Shantou Central Hospital from October 2013 to April 2014 were selected. The real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) was used to detect ANRIL, p14ARF, p15INK4b and p16INK4a mRNA expression levels of peripheral blood lymphocytes. The subjects having taken physical health examinations in outpatient clinics were assigned in the healthy control group. Results During the study period, 19 cases of hepatocellular carcinoma, 24 cases of cirrhosis, and 31 healthy controls were finally enrolled. In the hepatocellular carcinoma group, the mRNA expression level of ANRIL was significantly higher than that of the healthy control group (?Ct:13.07±0.62 vs. 12.45±0.84, P<0.01), while p15INK4b mRNA expression level was obviously lower than that of the healthy control group (13.24±0.98 vs. 13.99±0.99, P<0.05). But there were no significant differences in the mRNA expression levels of ANRIL (13.07±0.65 vs. 12.71±0.76) and p15INK4b (13.24±0.98 vs. 13.55±1.08) between the groups of hepatocellular carcinoma and cirrhosis (both P>0.05). There were also no statistically significant differences in p14ARF and p16INK4a mRNA expressions among the three groups (all P>0.05). Conclusion The elevation of ANRIL and descent of p15INK4b mRNA expression levels in peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with liver lesion can be used as the reference indicators for the early diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma and to predict their prognoses.

Foundations of Oriental Medicine (FOM) is one of the mandatory examinations for the Diplomate of Oriental Medicine (Dipl.OM.), Chinese Herbology (Dipl.CH.), or Acupuncture (Dipl. Ac.) by American National Certification Commission for Acupuncture and Oriental Medicine (NCCAOM). In the light of NCCAOM Certification Handbook, Foundations of Oriental Medicine Expanded Content Outline,and Foundations of Oriental Medicine Study Guide, the authors introduced the examination pattern and examination-related contents including: Clinical diagnostic methods; assessment, analysis, and pattern-differentiation based upon Oriental Medicine theory and treatment principle and strategy.

Objective Through investigating the anatomical features of the perforator from the ulnar palmar digital artery of the little finger and the dorsal descending branch of the ulnar artery,to establish a new approach for the reconstruction of sofi tissue defect of the ulnar palm and the little finger.Methods The fifth caput metacarpale was taken as the observation points on 30 specimens of adult human upper limb perfused with red latex.Something as follows were observed under surgery magnifier:①The origin,external diameter,branches,distribution and the backbone length of the perforator of the ulnar palmar digital artery of the little finger;the distance from the fifth caput metacarpale to the perforate artery ; ② The route and distribution of the dorsal descending branch of the ulnar artery.Mimic operation was performed on another fresh specimen.Results The origin of the ulnar palmar digital artery of the little finger has two different type:93.3％ spring from the external of the arcus volaris superficialis,6.7％ formed by the combination of the third arteriae metacarpeae palmares and the branch from arcus volaris profundus.Although it has two different origins,the perforator has only one piercing point,which located at (1.3 ±0.3)cm upon the fifth caput metacarpale.The perforator,ultimately,combines with the descending branch of the ulnar artery after it pass through the slot between the muscle tendon of hypothenar superficial layer (the flexor digiti minimi brevis and the abductor digiti minimi) and the fifth metacarpale bone.External diameter of the perforator was (0.8 ± 0.4) mm and the backbone length was(2.0 ±0.6)cm.Conclusion The location of the anastomose point between the perforator,which springs from the ulnar palmar digital artery of the little finger,and the dorsal descending branch of the ulnar artery is constant.The perforator flap based on the perforator of ulnar palmar digital artery of the little finger,with sufficient blood supply,can be transferred flexiblely,and can be designed to repaire the defect of soft tissue on the ulnar palm and the little finger.

Objective To evaluate the left ventricular diastolic dysfunction by tissue Doppler imaging (TDI)in a suprarenal abdominal aortic coarctation model of Lewis rats. Methods Thirty male Lewis rats at age of 8 weeks were used. Myocardial hypertrophy model was obtained by suprarenal abdominal aorta banding with ligation. Mitral annular velocity measurement by TDI and regular two-dimensional echocardiography with M mode were examined at baseline and at 10-,20-,30-and 40-day post banding.Results Compared with baseline,the left ventricular end diastolic and end systolic wall thickness and ventricular dimension were progressively increased,while ejection fraction(EF)and fraction shortening(FS)were decreased(P＜0.0 1).The left ventricle demonstrated centrifugal myocardial hypertrophy.Peak myocardial systolic velocity(Sa)at the mitral annulus did not change significantly throughout this study and there was no significant correlation with EF(r=0.216,P=0.071),and peak myocardial early diastolic (Ea),late diastolic(Aa)at the mitral annulus and Ea/Aa indices also were not stable after aortic banding and there were no significant difference in repeated measures at different time(P＞0.05).But the E/Ea wasincreased and the index had a statistically significant difference(P＜0.001).Conclusions The left ventricleshowed centrifugal myocardial hypertrophy in Lewis rats with abdominal aortic banding.E/Ea radio was a sensitive and stable index to evaluate left ventricular diastolic dysfunction.

AIM:To investigate morphologic and functional changes of small intestinal mucosa and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in postoperative portal hypertension patients with single or combined administration of Gln and rhGH.METHODS:Twenty-nine portal hypertension patients with surgical treatment were prospectively randomized to four groups as follows:① Gln group(n=6);② rhGH group(n=8);③ Gln+rhGH group(n=7)and ④ control group(n=8).A standard solution for TPN was given three days after operation for a week.The concentration ratio of urinary lactulose and mannitol(L/M),the villus height and crypt depth and PCNA index of small intestinal mucosa were compared.RESULTS:A week after TPN postoperation,the increased ratios of L/M in Gln+rhGH group were less than those in control group(P0.05).CONCLUSION:This study suggest that Gln together with rhGH reduce the intestinal permeability and protect the mucosa integrality in postoperative portal hypertension patients,but not in single treatment.

Objective To provide anatomical basis for lateral antebrachial neurocutaneous flap pedi-cled with inferior cubital artery perforator in repairing tissue defects around elbow joint. Methods Thirty embalmed upper limbs of adult cadavers perfused with red latex were used for this study, and followings were observed:①The course and distribution of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve; ②Anastomoses between inferior cubital artery and nutrient vessels of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. Mimic operation was performed on other side of fresh specimen. Results ①The main trunk of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) lined in the radial forearm and distributed in the 1/3 region of lateral forearm. ①The nutritional vessels of the flap were plurisegmental and polyphyletic. The inferior cubital artery which was relatively constant reached to skin through "V"-shaped peak formed by communicating branches of cephalic vein and deep venous system. They also gave off large number of small veins, which closely aligned with perineural branches and neural stem vascular chain of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. Conclusion The lateral antebrachial neurocutaneos flap pedicled with inferior cubital artery perforator can be formed to repaire tissue defects around elbow joint.

Objective To approach the expressions and the roles of connective tissue growth factor (CTGF) and membrane type 1 matrix metalloproteinases (MT1-MMP) in valve disease with pressure overload which induces extracellular matrix remodeling of left ventricle. MethodsOf 32 patients, 16 cases were pressure overload group (PO), who had the multiple valve disease with predominately aortic valve stenosis, having a ring diameter of aorta valve less than 1.3 cm, cross valve pressure gradient equal or more than 40 mmHg, and valvular regurgitation less than 4.0 cm2; The other 16 cases, as mitral stenosis group (MS), were simple mitral stenosis patients with single valve replacement. Meanwhile, 5 normal individuals served as control, who died from accident. Echocardiography was used to analyze the left ventricular function and detect the hypertrophic level of the left ventricle. Left ventricle muscle samples were obtained during operation. Histological features were studied by Masson staining, and collagenous contents were quantitated with a computer-assisted imaging analysis system. The mRNA expressions of CTGF and MT1-MMP were detected with RT-PCR. ResultsConcentric hypertrophy was observed significant in PO group, but myocardial hypertrophy was not found in MS group. Compare to the MS group and control, PO group had significantly more collagenous contents in left ventricle, thickened vessel wall, and narrow lumen of blood vessel (P0.05), but CTGF mRNA expression was increased in MS group compare to control (P

Aim Todeterminetherelationshipbe-tween serum TNF-α and renal abnormal lipid metabo-lismindiabeticmice.Methods CD1micewerein-jected intraperitoneally with STZ (150 mg·kg-1 ) and the type 1 diabetic mice were determined with high fasting blood glucose ( >16. 7 mmol · L-1 ) 72 hours after injection. After fed for one month, normal control mice and diabetic mice were sacrificed. The serum TNF-α level was detected by the method of ELISA. Immunohistochemistry and Western blot were used to explore the expression of SREBP-1 and ADRP. Re-sults TheresultsofELISAshowedthatserumTNF-αwas increased by 7 . 73 times in diabetic mice compared with normal mice. SREBP-1 and ADRP expressions were located in renal tubular cells. Again, it was con-firmed by Western blot that SREBP-1 precursor seg-ment, SREBP-1 mature segment and ADRP were re-spectively enhanced by 2. 31 times, 1. 74 times and 1. 72 times in diabetic mice in comparison with normal control mice . In addition , the data analysis revealed a
positive correlation ( correlation coefficient 0. 914 ) be-tween serum TNF-αand renal ADRP expression. Con-clusion TheincreasedserumTNF-αmaybeoneof factors involved in renal lipid accumulation of diabe-tes.

Objective To compare the clinical effect of neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy (nCRT) and neoadjuvant chemotherapy (nCT) in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.Methods The retrospective cohort study was conducted.The clinicopathological data of 156 patients with local advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma who were admitted to the Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University from January 1,2010 to December 31,2015 were collected.Among 156 patients,59 undergoing nCRT were allocated into the nCRT group and 97 undergoing nCT were allocated into the nCT group.Patients in the nCRT group and nCT group respectively received 2 cycles chemotherapy by the TP regimen+40 Gy radiotherapy (2 Gy/d) and 2 cycles chemotherapy by the TP regimen.Patients were evaluated by imaging examinations after 6 weeks neoadjuvant therapy completion,and then underwent abdominal and right chest-left cervico three-incision thoracoscopic surgery.Observation indicators:(1) treatment situations;(2) postoperative pathological examination;(3) follow-up and survival situations.Follow-up using outpatient examination and telephone interview was performed once every 3 months within 2 years and once every 6 months after 3 years up to January 2017.Follow-up included levels of tumor markers [carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and SCC-Ag],thoracic or abdominal computed tomography (CT),neck and abdominal ultrasonography and gastroscopy or PET/CT examination if necessary.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s and comparison between groups was analyzed using the t test.Measurement data with skewed distribution were described as M (range) and comparison between groups was analyzed using the nonparametric test.Count data were analyzed using the chi-square test or Fisher exact probability.Comparison of ordinal data was done by the nonparametric test.The survival rate was calculated using the life table method and survival was analyzed by the Log-rank test.Results (1) Treatment situations:all the patients in the 2 groups were able to burden neoadjuvant therapy and thoracic esophagectomy.Six patients in the nCRT group and 15 in the nCT group had conversion to open surgery.Operation time,volume of intraoperative blood loss,cases with postoperative readmission of ICU,cases with complications,cases with perioperative death and duration of hospital stay were (201 ± 25) minutes,(137± 66)mL,5,24 (10 with pulmonary complications,8 with anastomotic leakage,3 with hoarseness,2 with cardiovascular complications and 1 with chylopleura),0,12 days (range,9-93 days) in the nCRT group and (195±20) minutes,(133±58) mL,8,30 (11 with anastomotic leakage,10 with pulmonmy complications,4 with hoarseness,2 with cardiovascular complications,1 with postoperative hemorrhage,1 with delayed gastric emptying and 1 with chylopleura),1,11 days (range,9-78 days) in the nCT group,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.883,t =0.102,0.692,x2 =0.048,1.541,Z =0.225,P＞ 0.05).(2) Postoperative pathological examination:R0 resection rate was 96.6％ in the nCRT group and 93.8％ in the nCT group,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =0.589,P＞0.05).Results of postoperative pathological examination showed that G0,G1,G2 and G3 of tumor regression grade were respectively detected in 18,16,7,18 patients in the nCRT group and 4,5,4,84 patients in the nCT group,with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (Z=-7.151,P＜0.05).Stage 0,Ⅰ,Ⅱ,ⅢA,Ⅲ B and ⅣA of postoperative ypTNM stage were respectively detected in 16,9,23,4,6,1 patients in the nCRT group and 4,9,37,6,34,7 in the nCT group,with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (Z=-4.890,P＜0.05).The down-staging was detected in 48 patients of the nCRT group and 50 patients of the nCT group,with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=13.957,P＜0.05).(3) Follow-up and survival situations:of 156 patients,153 were followed up for 12-82 months,with a median time of 36 months.The 1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates were 88.1％,61.4％,34.9％ in the nCRT group and 81.4％,43.8％,23.1％ in the nCT group,with a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2=4.336,P＜0.05).Conclusion The nCRT in the treatment of locally advanced esophageal squamous cell carcinoma can enhance postoperative pathological response rate,down-staging rate and overall survival rate compared with nCT,without increasing incidence of perioperative complications.