OBJECTIVE: To observe the effects of Spleen- strengthening decoction on GLP- 1 in patients with type II diabetes. METHODS: A randomized double- blind placebo- controlled test was conducted, and through observations for 8 wks, the changes of the two patient groups in plasma glucose, HbA1c, plasma GLP- 1 and Glucagon as well as TCM symptom score were measured for comparison. RESULTS: Before administration of Spleen- strengthening decoction, the two groups showed no significant difference in all of the indexes. After administration, the treatment group recorded lower indexes in fasting plasma glucose, HbA1c and plasma Glucagon, but higher index in fasting plasma GLP- 1, with no significant difference seen in other indexes. CONCLUSIONS: Spleen- strengthening decoction can improve glucose metabolism through heightening fasting plasma GLP- 1, and lowering both Glucagon and fasting plasma glucose.

By exploring the different components of the lysis buffer and optimize the 2-DE conditions,established the best proteomics technical system for Populus euphratica's heteromorphic leaves,while take the heteromorphic leaves in the same blanche as the test materials to find differences between the protein expressions of the leaves.It showed that the lysis solution which containing 2mmol/L thiourea,7mmol/L urea,2% CHAPS,60mmol/L DTT and 0.2% IPG buffer could dissolve the protein better.Through tandem mass spectrum,the results show that heteromorphic leaves are different in photosynthesis and respiration.This research offered valuable informations for understanding the molecular mechanism during leaves development and elucidating the mechanism of the eco-adaptability of Populus euphratica.

Objective Radiological grade of splenic injury was seldomly used in China trauma center now,though it had been established in 1994 by American Association for Surgery of Trauma (AAST) and widely used.The present study is aimed to analyze the imaging grade and clinical characteristics of traumatic splenic rupture in children,discuss the feasibility of conservative treatment,and the role of radiographic grading during clinical treatment.Methods Information (including age,gender,severity based on radiological findings,treatment strategies,and clinical outcome) regarding 59 hospitalized splenic injury patients whose injuries occurred between 2008 and 2014 was retrospectively analyzed.Results Between 2008 and 2014,59 pediatric patients with splenic injury were treated in our institution.Median age was 9.5 years (range,3 months to 16 years).Of all patients,41 (69.5%) were male.The injuries were primarily caused by traffic crash (45.7%),stumbling/falling from a height (38.9%).According to AAST,5 cases were grade Ⅰ,26 patients grade Ⅱ (44.1%),and 21 cases grade Ⅲ (35.6%),6 over grade Ⅳ,and only one was unclear.Of all patients,25 cases were with the other organs complications.All patients underwent fasting,bed rest,and antibiotics.Only 1 case was transferred to operation during the conservative treatment.Forty-nine patients underwent with CT scan over 2 times.Conclusion Imaging classification helps guide clinical treatment.Conservative treatment is feasible for traumatic splenic injury in children.Early imaging classification of splenic injury may be helpful in clinical judgment,and reduce children radiation exposure.

Objective To investigate the role of TNSALP gene detection in prenatal diagnosis of HPP. Method The clinical data and the results of complete exon sequencing of TNSALP gene in one neonate with low alkaline phosphatase (HPP) were analyzed retrospectively. Peripheral bloods from his family members were collected. The amniotic fluid cell in fetuses at 17 weeks was tested for candidate gene mutations by Sanger sequencing. Results Mainly manifestations in 6-day-old baby were multiple fractures, limb shortening and bending and dyspnea. He died of respiratory failure 9 days after birth. The serum alkaline phosphatase was decreased and serum calcium was decreased slightly; serum phosphorus, serum 25 hydroxyvitamin-D and parathyroid hormone were normal. X-ray showed that the whole body bone was very poorly mineralized, and the long diaphysis was enlarged with shape of a cup at the end and multiple fractures existed. Gene sequencing revealed a complex heterozygous missense mutation in the TNSALP gene, including the heterozygous missense mutation c.542C>T in exon sixth causing 181st amino acids changed from serine to leucine (p.S181L), and tenth exon heterozygous missense mutation in c.1016G>A causing 339th amino acid changed from glycine to glutamic acid (p.G339E). The parental phenotypes were normal. The c.542C>T mutation is inherited from his father and the c.1016G>A mutation is inherited from his mother. These two mutations were not detected in the fetus. Conclusion TNSALP gene analysis can be applied to the diagnosis and prenatal diagnosis of HPP.

Based on the analyses of the status of humanistic medicine education both at home and abroad, the article emphasized the need for the implement of medical humanities education with the whole process and multidisciplinary integration. In combination with practice, from the three modules of the ex-plicit curriculum, implicit curriculum and integrated curriculum, the author discussed the specific conno-tation of the whole course of medical humanities education. The article also summarized the main points of the course system in teaching practice from the aspects of training objectives, teaching staff construction, teaching methods improvement and innovation, and humanistic quality evaluation of medical students.

Objective To investigate the adjustment methods and evaluation for children after cochlear implantation. Methods 6 children after artificial cochlear implantation were debugged by subjective psychological physical test, objective methods such as electricity induced composite action potential (ECAP), electrically evoked stapedius reflex threshold (ESRT) and electrically evoked auditory brainstem response (EABR). Results All the children got satisfied data. Conclusion For the children after cochlear implantation, objective methods such as ECAP, ESRT, EABR combined with subjective psychological physical test all together are helpful to obtain accurate threshold.

OBJECTIVETo establish a rat model of blood stasis and heat accumulation syndrome in accordance with the Chinese medicine (CM) theoretic features.

METHODSThirty male SD rats were randomly divided into the normal group, the model group, and the danshen root group, 10 in each. Rats in the danshen root group were given danshen decoction at 13.5 g/kg by gastrogavage, with the volume of 20 mL/kg, twice daily for 7 successive days. As for rats in the normal group and the model group, equal volume of pure water was given to them by gastrogavage, twice daily for 7 successive days. On the 4th day of medication, carrageen at 50 mg/kg was peritoneally injected to rats in the model group and the danshen root group, once daily for 3 successive days. Twenty-four h after the last injection, 20% dry yeast suspension (10 mL/kg) was given to the rats by subcutaneous injection. The indictors such as body temperature, tongue figure, tail ecchymosis, skin color of the ears and four limbs, microcirculation indicators, and hemorheological indicators were observed 6 h later.

RESULTSCompared with the normal group, red and purple tongue, longer and thicker arteries and veins under the tongue, red and purple claw color, red ear flap edge, obvious ecchymosis of the tail occurred in rats of the model group (P<0.01), with obviously increased body temperature (P<0.01). The blood velocity of the microcirculation in the ear flap obviously decreased. The hemorheology tests showed that the whole blood viscosity (high, middle, and low), hematocrit, and erythrocyte electrophoretic time obviously increased, red blood cell deformation index obviously deceased, showing statistical difference (P<0.01, P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the length of ecchymosis in the tail obviously decreased in rats of the danshen root group. The blood velocity score of the microcirculation obviously increased. The hemorheology tests showed that the whole blood viscosity (high, middle, and low), hematocrit, and erythrocyte electrophoretic time obviously decreased, red blood cell deformation index obviously increased, showing statistical difference (P<0.05, P<0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe rat model of blood stasis and heat accumulation syndrome established with carrageen and dry yeast suspension injection had obvious features, with good reproducibility and stability. It could be used in the study of CM basic theories, screening of Chinese herbs, and the theories of Chinese-drug properties.

Objective:To study the effects of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis on proliferation of DC -CIK cells and the activity of killing HepG-2 cells by DC-CIK cells.Methods:Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were routinely isolated and induced into DC and CIK.DC and CIK co-cultured by 1∶5 for 7 days,then Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis were added into medicine group ,observed the mor-phology of the cells on the tenth day and counted the DC-CIK number of each group.DC-CIK cells acted as effector cells and the HepG-2 cells as target cells , cck-8 method for the detection of DC-CIK in the killing rate of HepG-2.Results: The Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis was able to proliferate the DC-CIK dramatically ,the optimal concentration was 0.1 mg/ml.Cultivation of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis induced DC-CIK cells on HepG-2 cells killing effect was better than that of the routine method of DC-CIK cells; the effection of Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis killing HepG-2 cells was not obviously.Conclusion: Ophiocordyceps xuefengensis can enhance the anti-tumor activity of DC-CIK mainly by promoting the proliferation of it.

Objective:To explore the traits of functional connectivity of resting-state networks in patients of schizophrenia with auditory verbal hallucinations (AVH) by using independent component analysis (ICA).Methods:All patients were met the Diagnostic and Statistical Mannal of Mental Disorders,Fourth Edition,Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) diagnostic criteria for schizophrenia.Thirty schizophrenia patients with frequent AVH (AVH),24 schizophrenia patients without AVH (non-AVH) and 60 healthy controls (HC) matching with age and gender were analyzed by resting functional magnetic resonance imaging.The AVH were assessed by using Hoffman auditory hallucination scale.By using ICA,auditory network (AUN),language network (LAN),salience network (SAN),right front-parietal network (RFP) and default mode network (DMN) were selected as interesting networks for further analyses.Covariance analysis was used to compare the activity and functional connectivity of multiple resting state networks between three groups,and correlation analysis was used to evaluate the relations between abnormalities of brain and the severity of hallucination.Results:Compared to non-AVH,AVH group showed increased activity in left superior temporal gyrus (STG) and left postcentral gyrus (LPG) in the AUN,and showed decreased activity in right anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in the SAN (P ＜ 0.05,FDR corrected).The severity of AVH group was associated with activity of the left STG (r =0.43,P ＜0.05) and the right ACC (r =-0.48,P ＜0.01).Furthermore,compared to non-AVH group,there were decreased connectivity between LAN and AUN [(-0.29 ±0.21) vs.(-0.16 ± 0.17),P ＜ 0.05,uncorrected],decreased connectivity between SAN and LAN [(-0.09 ± 0.22) vs.(-0.06 ± 0.18),P ＜ 0.05,uncorrected],increased connectivity between SAN and AUN [(0.30 ± 0.18) vs.(0.15 ± 0.24),P ＜ 0.05,uncorrected] in AVH group.Conclusion:There may be aberrant functional connectivities of AUN,LAN and SAN in schizophrenia patients with frequent AVH,and the occurrence of AVH seems to be related to brain areas involved in language production,speech perception and self-monitoring.

Objective:To explore the effect of perspective-taking on HIV-related stigma intervention among medical college students.Methods:192 medical college students selected from one medical college were randomly divided into experimental group and control group.Perspective-taking intervention was implemented in the experimental group.HIV-related Stigma Questionnaire was used to measure the level of HIV-related stigma before and after the intervention for two groups.Results:Before intervention,there was no significant difference in the total score of HIV-related stigma between the two groups (P ＞ 0.05);there was significant difference in the total score of HIV-related stigma between the two groups after the intervention (P ＜ 0.05).Empathy had a partial mediating effect on the relationship between perspective-taking and HIV-related stigma,and the ratio of mediation effect to total effect was 0.260.Conclusion:The perspective-taking effectively can reduce the level of HIV-related stigma through the mediation effect of empathy.