Objective To expand the NKT cells in vitro and to determine the cytokine releasing of NKT cells during proliferation.Methods Several kind of methods were established to expand TCRV ?24 +/TCRV ?11 + NKT cells from PBMC or purified T lymphocyte.The levels of IL 4,IFN ?and TNF ? of NKT cells were determined by flow cytometry.Results After 19 days' expansion,the largest number of NKT cells increased (23.0?16.7)?10 3 times and the largest ratio of NKT cells to total T lymphocyte was (25.5?7.2)%.The ratio of TCRV ?11 + NKT cells that secreted IL 4,IFN ?and TNF ? was higher than the TCRV?11 T lymphocytes.Conclusion TCRV ?24 +/TCRV ?11 + NKT cells can be expanded in vitro with ? Galcer presented by CD 1d molecule.The NKT cells can also be expanded from PBMC because the monocyte lineage cells within PBMC can express CD 1d molecule and present specific glycolipids like ? Galcer to them.

BACKGROUND:Many internal fixations,such as dynamic hip screw,Gamma screw,proximal femoral nail,angle steel plate,as well as locking proximac femoral plate,are utilized in treating intertrochanteric fractures,especially the dynamic hip screw However,the failure rate is gradually increased.OBJECTIVE:To explore the application and clinical efficacy of total hip replacement for the treatment of elderly intertrochanteric fracture fixation after failure of dynamic hip screw.METHODS:A total of four cases with intertrochanteric fractures were treated by total hip replacement after failure of dynamic hip screw fixation was selected.According to Evans typing,one case were type Ⅱ,two cases were type Ⅲ A,and one case was typeⅢB.Internal fixation displacement could be found at half to 1 year after dynamic hip screw fixation.Because of bone disunion,coxa adducta and pain,the patients could not walk.Sequentially,total hip replacement was performed with 45°abduct angle and10°-15°anteversion angle The clinical efficacy was evaluated by Harris scoring criteria.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:All the cases were operated smoothly,with 1.5-2 hour operation duration and 400-600 mL blood loss.No case appeared allergic response to bone cement.By 3-12 months follow-up,4 successful operative cases do not appear prosthesis loosening,subsidence and are satisfied with well hip function.The average Harris score were 81 points.The results revealed that application of total hip replacement after the failure of DHS in elderly intertrochanteric fracture fixation,which shortened the time patients stay in bed to reduce complications and improved the hip joint function.

Objective To discuss prevention and treatment of the late complications of deteniaceacal-colon continent urinary reservoir. Methods 105 patients who underwent detenia ceacal-colon con-tinent urinary reservoir were followed up for 9 -82 months(mean 40.5 months).Clinical data of these wereretrospectively analyzed. Results Late complications occurred in 25.7%(27/105) of the cases and 9were treated with operations,including difficulty with catheterization in 4 cases(3.8%),3 treated with dila-tion and 1 with efferent limb reconstruction with ileal,urinary pouch stones in 5(4.8%),4 treated with li-thotomy,urinary pouch perfotation in 1 (0.95%),treated with repair,urinary pouch superdistention in 1(0.95%),treated with reduction, single or double lateral hydronephrosis in 8(7.6%),caused by strictureof single or double lateral lower ureters in 4 (2 treated with excision lesion and anastomosis ) and by refluxin 1,1 case suffering from azotemia preoperatively worsened to uraemia treated with regular haemodialysis,hyperchloremia in 7 (6.7%),only 1 needed drugs treatment,repeated urinary infection in 11,amomg them,10 were complicated by the other complications,all treated with sensitive antibiotic. Conclusions Most ofpatients underwent detenia ceacal-colon continent urinary reservoir had good curative effects. Late complica-tions afflicting these patients mostly had immediate or mediate relations with symptomatic urinary infection.Prevention and treatment of symptomatic urinary infection can reduce the occurrence of late complications ofthis operative method,regular and adequant pouch washing and catheterization is efficient to prevention oflate complications of this operative method.

Objective To explore the protective effect of vitamin E on the rabbit bladder after partial outlet obstruction artificially setup. Methods A total of 28 New Zealand white male rabbits were divided into 4 groups (group A in 6,group B in 6,group C in 8 and group D in 8).Group A,B and C were fed a regular diet,and group D were placed on a diet enriched with 600 mg vitamin E.After 4 weeks partial outlet obstruction was created in groups C and D,while group B underwent sham operation. After 4 weeks of obstruction each rabbit was sedated and cystometry was repeated.After cystometry the bladder was weighed.The gene expression of sarcoplasmic endoplasmic reticulum,calcium,magnesium,adenosine triphosphatase (SERCA2) in bladder was detected by using RT-PCR assay,while the protein level of SERCA2 was measured by Western blot analysis. Results All parameters measured were approximately identical in nomal rabbits(Group A) and shum operation rabbits(group B).Thus,these 2 groups were combined as the control group(Group A and B).Partial outlet obstruction resulted in bladder weight increased significantly in obstructed groups given vehicle group C(13.07?1.71)g and those vitamin E group D(11.80?2.01)g,4-fold higher than in the control group (2.81?0.30)g(P

Objective To explore operation method,skills,and curative effect of orthophofia microscope discectomy(OMD)for the treatment of lumber disc herniation.Method Retrospective analysis of the 64 patients(74 herniated discs)of lumbar disc herniation heated by OMD,which included 38 segments posterior-lateral extrusion,32 segments central type herniated,and 4 segments extra-lateral extrusion.Resuits All patients were followed-up 6 to 8 months,average 7 months,54 cases were good and 4 cases were fair and no case was bad according to the Nakai scale.The choiceness rate was 93.75%,and no serious complications.Conclusions Orthophoria microscope discectomy has a better third dimension,good operation field of vision,less invasion and best clinical curative effect.Orthophoria microscope discectomy may be the best way of discectomy for the treatment of lumber disc hemiation.

In order to summarize and perfect the basic skill practicing method in acupuncture teaching and form a characteristic teaching, the research on skill training and technique improving of acupuncture and tuina major was carried out. The undergraduate students in acupuncture and tuina major from College of Acupuncture-Moxibustion and Tuina were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group. Students from both groups received the basic courses of acupuncture-moxibustion and tuina as requested in the syllabus and the special teaching was added to the experimental group, namely "three practice" (strength practice, coordination practice, targeted practice of acupuncture basic skills) and "three enlightenment" (technique enlightenment, mind and qi enlightenment, efficacy enlightenment). During and after the courses, the teaching effectiveness was evaluated on the basis of needling manipulation. The peacetime score in the experimental group was superior to that in the control group (38.03 +/- 1.14 vs 33.25 +/- 1.31, P < 0.05), the total score in the experimental group was superior to that in the control group (84.03 +/- 6.30 vs 78.05 +/- 6.55, P < 0.05). The special teaching method of "three practice" and "three enlightenment" can improve the effect of skill training teaching method. It highlights the unique feature of central plains by integrating the essence of Shaolin internal qigong and Chen-style Taiji, it can also provide new ideas for the practical teaching of TCM professional courses and the construction of characteristic professionals.
Acupuncture ; education ; manpower ; Acupuncture Therapy ; methods ; Humans ; Students ; Teaching

Objective To compare the safety and short-term efficacy of thulium laser resection of the prostate (TMLRP) and bipolar transurethral plasmakinetic prostatectomy (TUPKP) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) patients.Methods A total of 100 patients diagnosed with BPH were randomly divided into 2 groups:TMLRP group (50 cases) and TUPKP group (50 cases).There was no significant difference of preoperative variables such as age,prostate volume,PSA,IPSS,Qmax and PVR between the two groups (P＞0.05).The perioperative parameters and therapeutic effects were recorded and compared between the two groups.Results Comparison between TMLRP group and TUPKP group included:operating time ((61.2±24.2) min versus (30.1±15.9) min),catheterization time ((1.8±0.4) d versus (3.2±0.6) d)and postoperative hospital stay ((3.3±0.8) d versus (4.1±1.3) d).Significant differences in these parameters were found between the two groups(P＜0.05).Compared with TUPKP group,the blood loss and postoperative bladder irrigation were significantly less in TMLRP group.One month postoperatively,there were 4 cases of urethral stricture in TUPKP group.Three months postoperatively,IPSS,QOL,Qmax and PVR were significantly improved in both groups (P＜0.01),but no significant difference detected between the 2 groups (P＜0.05).Conclusions TMLRP is superior to TUPKP in term of safety and tolerability (decreased blood loss,complication rate and short recovery time),and as efficacious as TUPKP in efficacy.Compared with TUPKP,operating time were significantly longer in TMLRP group

Objective To investigate the incidence of heterotopic ossification in cervical artificial disc replacement in Chinese mainland population by meta-analysis.Methods The related literatures published between 1997 and June 2012 were collected from both English databases,including Pubmed,Ovid,Cochrane library and Embase,and Chinese databases including Chinese Biomedical Literature Database,China National Knowledge Infrastructure,VIP database and Wanfang database.Literatures were selected in strict accordance with the inclusion and exclusion criteria.Studies providing data of prevalence of heterotopic ossification after cervical artificial disc replacement in Chinese mainland population were included.The information of literatures was extracted by excerpts questionnaire,and recorded by two independent researchers.I2 was calculated to test heterogeneity among studies.A random effects model was used if I2 ≥25％.Subgroup analysis was done according to the number of levels of disc replacement,brands of implants and duration of follow-up.Sensitivity analysis was done according to the sample size.The Meta-Analyst software was used for statistical analysis.Results A total of forty studies (1822 cases) were included in this study.The pooled incidence of heterotopic ossification was 7.3％ (95％CI:4.7％ to 11.0％).For single and mixed level disc replacement,the incidence was 11.6％ and 5.8％,respectively.For single and mixed level disc replacement using Bryan disc,the incidence was 13.8％ and 5.4％,respectively,and the total incidence was 7.2％.No matter the single or mixed level disc replacement,the incidence of heterotopic ossification increased with follow-up.Conclusion The incidence of heterotopic ossification in cervical artificial disc replacement is high in Chinese mainland population,while it is lower than in foreigners.However,it is necessary to monitor its long-term incidence due to its increase with follow-up.

Cartilage ; diagnostic imaging ; Ectodermal Dysplasia ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Radiography