Extranodal NK/T cell lymphoma is a kind of disease that is associated with EB virus infection and characterized by progressive distruction and necrosis of the nasal cavity and midline facial tissues, with histological features of diffuse lymphomatous cells inflitrate and inflammatory cells as abackground or angiocentric and angioinvasive inflitrate.The prognosis is poor,as it is highly aggressive and it can progress rapidly.This article mainly discusses and reviews the progress in treatment methods.

Pathologic experiment teaching is special feature and stresses morphologic teaching,It is easy for stuents to learn passively.Problem-basedlearning ( PBL ) was introduced in pathologic experiment teaching in eight-year clinical medicine.program courses.In pathologic experiment class,questions was produced by analyzing various diseases,observing macroscopic and microscopic changes,discussed by clinical cases and solved by students themselves with bilingualistic teaching.In conclusion,PBL was significant in improving the quality of pathological experiment teaching,overcoming the shortage of morphologic learning,and making students more active in learning pathology.

Objective To evaluate the value of procalcitonin(PCT)in different periods for diagno-sis of early-onset of neonatal bacterial infection.Methods One hundred and ninety-five newborns with intra-uterine infection risk factors were divided into two groups:infection group(24cases)and non-infection group(171cases).The levels of PCT,C-reactive protein(CRP)and WBC were measured in 2hours,6to 12hours,12to 36hours and more than 48hours after birth.The sensitivity and specificity of PCT in different periods in the diagnosis of early-onset infection were analyzed.Results There were no significant differ-ences in the positive rate of PCT,CRP and WBC in infection group in 2hours after birth(P﹥0.05).The sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of early-onset infection of PCT were 91.7% and 86.5% at 6to 12hours after birth,which were higher than those of CRP and WBC.After birth in 12to 36hours was the physiologic peak of PCT,so it couldn′t have higher sensitivity and specificity.According to threshold of 0.5ng/ml,2ng/ml,and 10ng/ml for PCT,the sensitivity was 100%,91.7% and 100% respectively,and the specificity was 5.8%,53.8%and 95.9%respectively.Conclusion PCT in 6to12hours after birth,ac-cording to threshold of 2ng/ml,can reach higher sensitivity and specificity for diagnosis of early-onset neo-natal bacterial infection.

Hypoxiaisoneofthemostimportantfactorsinfluencingcancertherapyandclinicalprogno-sis.With positron emission tomography (PET)widely adopted in clinical practice,the development and appli-cation of PET hypoxia imaging agents has been much popular in the field currently.PET hypoxia imaging can detect tumor hypoxia region noninvasively,which has important significance for optimizing cancer treatment decisions and improving the prognosis of cancer.

BackgroundHypoxia and hyperglycemia are the common causes of retinal neovascularization.In these states,H+ accumulates because of the elevated glycolysis and failure of retinal circulation,thus the retinas readily acidified. ObjectiveThe present study was to explore whether retinal acidosis independently regulates the production of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and pigment epithelium-derived factor (PEDF) and whether the regulation is related to oxidative stress.Methods The retinas from 2-week-old male SD rats were cultured with explant method in DMEM modulated by NaHCO3,and culture retinas were randomly divided into pH 7.2,6.8 and 6.5 groups for 24 hours.In addition,after 24 hours of culture as above described,retinas were washed using PBS two times and then followed by again culture in DMEM with pH 7.2 for another 24 hours.Also,antioxidant was added in different pH values of DMEM for culture as above described.The retinal samples were prepared for histopathological examination.The expressions of VEGF and PEDF proteins and their mRNA in retina tissue were detected by Western blot and fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) respectively.Results The retina showed the clear structure and morphology in pH 7.2 group and pH 6.8 group,but retinal vacuoles change was seen in pH 6.5 group after culture for 24 hours.No significant difference was seen in the expressing level of VEGF mRNA in retina between normal group and pH 7.2 group( 112％ ±11％ vs 100％ ±7％ ) (P=0.55),but those in pH 6.8 group and pH 6.5 group were significant increased in comparison with pH 7.2 group( 196％ ±43％ vs 100％ ±7％ ;251％ ±29％vs 100％ ±7％ )( P＜0.05 ).The expressing level of PEDF mRNA in retina in normal group was similar to that of pH7.2 group(86％ ±19％ vs 100％ ±33％) (P=0.64),but that in pH 6.5 group was significantly higher than pH 7.2 group( 230％ ±66％ vs 100％ ±33％ ) ( P＜0.05 ).The resemble results were found in the expressions of VEGF and PEDF protein.After pH reversion,the expressing levels of VEGF mRNA were 100％ ±13％,111％ ±9％,113％ ±9％ in pH 7.2 group,pH 6.8 group and pH 6.5 group respectively without significant difference among them (F=2.51,P=0.16).The expressing levels of PEDF mRNA were 100％ ±13％,110％ ±9％,108％ ±11％in different groups ( F =0.98,P =0.43 ).Under the presence of antioxidant,the expressing level of VEGF mRNA in pH 6.5 group increased in comparison with pH 7.2 group and pH 6.8 group ( P ＜ 0.05 ).The expressing levels of PEDF mRNA were significant different among pH 7.2 group( 100±31 )％,pH 6.8 group( 282±45 )％ and pH 6.5 group(480±117)％ (F=20.73,P=0.00). Conclusions VEGF can be induced by retinal acidification alone,which may be regulated by oxidative stress.Under the retinal acidification,antioxidants promote the expression of PEDF,suggesting that oxidative stress inhibits the production of PEDF.

Objective To study the survival,migration and differentiation of the neural stem cells which transplanted into ventral horn of spinal cord after brachial plexus avulsion.Methods Neural stem ceils isolated from spinal cord of neogenetic rats and cultured,expanded,labeled by BrdU before transplanted. Twenty adult healthy SD rats preformed as the model of brochial plexus avulsion(Roots C_(5～7)),then transplan- rod stem ceils into the C_6 ventral horn of spinal cord.On 1,2,4,8,12 weeks postoperatively,immunohisto- chemistry assay were carried out in the spinal cord.Results Transplanted into ventral horn of spinal cord after brachial plexus avulsion.Neural stem cells can survive,migrate for at least one segment of spinal cord and differentiate to neurons and astrocytes.The differentiation of stem cells were time-depends.Conclusion Neural stem cells can survive,migrate and differentiate after transplanted into ventral horn of spinal cord in the rats which suffered from brachial plexus avulsion.

Many tumors depend on glutamine for energy.Glutamine metabolism is recognized as a distinctive feature in addition to Warburg effect in tumors.Nuclear medicine molecular tracer techniques represented by positron emission tomography (PET) provide a good means for early diagnosis and prognosis of tumors.PET imaging can detect glutamine metabolism region in tumors noninvasively,which can provide new diagnosis and therapeutics for glutamine-addicted tumors.

Objective To investigate the treatment and mechanism of aminoguanidine in retina of diabetic of rats .Methods To-tal 60 rats were divided into control group(n=20) ,diabetic group(n=20) and aminoguanidine treatment group(n=20)which would be treated by aminoguanidine for 14 days .Then the eye tissue of rats were took after 14 days administration for pathological obser-vation(HE staining) ,and the induced nitric oxide synthase(iNOS) ,endothelial nitric oxide synthase(eNOS) ,nerve type of nitric ox-ide synthase(nNOS) level and the expression of differences content and expression were investigated by ELISA ,Western blot and PT-PCR .Results HE staining showed that retinal tissue defects decreased and neuronal cells of rats in aminoguanidine treatment group were increased and significant (P<0 .05) compared rats in diabetic group .The iNOS content and expression of rats in amin-oguanidine treatment group were lower than diabetic group by ELISA ,Western blot and PT-PCR ,it was significantly difference (P<0 .05) and without significant difference between the normal group and diabetic group (P> 0 .05) .Compared with diabetes group ,iNOS ,eNOS ,nNOS protein expression in the rat retina in aminoguanidine treatment group were reduced (P< 0 .05) ,and without significant difference between the normal group and aminoguanidine treatment group (P>0 .05) .The iNOS mRNA expres-sion was lower than that of eNOS mRNA and nNOS mRNA in aminoguanidine treatment group .Conclusion Aminoguanidine can improve retinal tissue of diabetic rats with lesions ,the pathways may be selectively inhibit inducible nitric oxide synthase activity of iNOS .

Six bacterial strains were isolated from lead-zinc mine tailings with the age of about 100 years, and their phylogenetic position was determined by the analysis of partial 16S rRNA gene sequence. Three strains belonged to genus Arthrobacter, and were close to A. nicotinovorans and A. histidinolovorans. Other three strains belonged to genus Agromyces, and were close to Ag. mediolanus. All of them were resistant to Pb(NO_(3))_(2), CdCl_(2), ZnSO_(4), CuSO_(4) and CoCl_2. Relatively, minimal inhibitory concentration(MIC)of Zn~(2+) and Co~(2+) of three Arthrobacter strains was significantly higher than that of three Agromyces strains. Additionally, these strains displayed strong adsorption of Pb(NO_(3))_(2), CdCl_(2), ZnSO_(4). Averagely three Arthrobacter strains could adsorb about 400mg of Pb~(2+), 177mg of Cd~(2+) or 80mg of Zn~(2+) per gram of dried cells. Therefore, these strains were important candidates for application in bioremediation of heavy metal-contaminated environment.

Objective To evaluate the effect of obesity on the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) in patients with inguinal hernia after tensionless repair and its treatment.Methods Clinical data of 628 cases with inguinal hernia undergoing tensionless repair from Sep.2008 to May.2016 were retrospectively analyzed.The 628 patients were divided into obesity group (n=150) and non-obesity group (n=478),or SSI group (n=9) and non-SSI group(n=619).The effect of obesity on SSI after inguinal hernia and its treatment was analyzed.Re sults Among the 628 patients,SSC happened to 9 patients and the incidence was 1.43％.The rate of SSI in obesity group and non-obesity group was 4.00％ (6/150) and 0.63％ (3/478),respectively (x=6.960,P=0.002).BMI was 30.92±3.03 and 26.24±3.79 respectively in SSI group and non-SSI group (t=3.686,P=0.000).The difference has statistical significance.Factors such as diabetes,age,sex,albumin levels,American society of anesthesiology (ASA),type of hernia,method and duration of operation had no significant difference between SSI group and non-SSI group (P＞0.05).Conclusion By analyzing the risk factors of SSI after tensionless hernia repair,we find that patients with obesity are more likely to have SSI.Strengthening prevention and early treatment is a key measure to prevent postoperative infection in these patients.