Child ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; Dentition, Permanent ; Humans ; Incisor ; diagnostic imaging ; injuries ; Male ; Orthodontic Appliances ; Orthodontic Extrusion ; Orthodontics, Corrective ; Radiography ; Tooth Avulsion ; classification ; diagnostic imaging ; therapy ; Tooth Eruption

Accidents, Traffic ; prevention & control ; Global Health ; Humans ; World Health Organization

Disaster Medicine ; Earthquakes ; Emergency Medicine ; General Surgery ; Humans ; Relief Work ; Wounds and Injuries ; surgery

Child, Preschool ; Dental Restoration, Permanent ; Dentition, Permanent ; Humans ; Infant ; Root Canal Therapy ; Tooth Avulsion ; therapy ; Tooth Crown ; injuries ; Tooth Extraction ; Tooth Fractures ; therapy ; Tooth Injuries ; therapy ; Tooth, Deciduous ; injuries ; Tooth, Impacted ; etiology

The risk factors of traffic crash include drinking/drunk drive, accident proneness, fatigue driving, speeding, and poor vehicle quality. This article introduces the protection, emergency treatment, and basic scientific research of road traffic injury (RTI). As a public health issue, RTI is preventable, and personal factor is a key problem. It is important to establish an accurate and comprehensive RTI database, which may provide necessary information for the epidemiological research and crash prevention. The author also gives some suggestions on road traffic safety development in our country.
Accidents, Traffic ; prevention & control ; Databases, Factual ; Epidemiologic Research Design ; Humans ; Wounds and Injuries ; prevention & control ; therapy

Objective To investigate the clinical features,treatment,medication and abnormal metabolism control status in elderly benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with metabolic syndrome (MS).Methods The 397 patients with BPH aged ＞60 years (294 with MS) were retrospectively analyzed.The clinical features,treatment and control status were analyzed.Results Body mass index,waist circumference (BMI),2 hPBG,systolic pressure,diastolic pressure,TG and uric acid,urinary albumin/creatinine ratio,urinary albumin were higher and HDL-C was lower in BPH with MS than without MS (P＜0.05).Prostate volume,PSA level,IPSS score,quality of life score were higher in BPH patients with MS than without MS (P＜0.05).Treatment modality analysis showed that lower urinary tract symptoms was mild,watchful waiting accounted for 22.3％,urinary retention or obstruction related operation treatment for 8.7％,moderate to severe symptoms related oral drugs treatments for 67％,the oral drug treatment was still the main mode of BPH.In the patients with abnormal levels of glucose metabolism,the target arrival rate (TAR) on FBG,2 hPBG and HbAlc were 49.6％,34.9％ and 37.5％,TAR on all the three was 19.1％.In the hypertensive population,TAR on systolic and diastolic pressure were 44.1％ and 82.5％,TAR on both two was 41.7％.TG,TC,LDL-C and HDL-C were 31.3％,35.4％,48.2％ and 64.9％,on all the four was 29.9％.Conclusions The ratio of elderly BPH with MS is high,but the target arrival rate on control of urinary tract symptoms and abnormal metabolism component is not optimistic in spite of a positive drug administration.

Objective To study the efficacy of pelvic reconstruction surgery in the treatment of pelvic organ prolapsey (POP).Methods 18 patients with POP underwent pelvic reconstruction surgery were selected.Clinical parameters during peri-operation were recorded.After 3 months and 6 months,pelvic organ prolapse quantitative examination(POP-Q) and anatomic improvement in these patients were analyzed.Comparisons of pelvic floor distress impact questionnaire short form 7 (PFIQ-7) and quality of sexual life of chinese women questionnaire in these patients before and after surgery were used to evaluate quality of life and quality of sexual life.Results Median operation time was (90.0 ± 13.2) minutes and median blood loss was (30.0 ± 1.2) ml,all the patients were followed.The objective cure rate was 100％.The mean score of post-operative PFIQ-7 were significantly lower than those of pre-operation (P ＜ 0.01),and those of qualify of sexual life of chinese women questionnaire was no significantly difference (P ＞0.05).The rate of mesh crosion was 0,and there was no case of de novo urinary incontinence and de novo dyspareunia.Conclusion Pelvic reconstruction surgery is a safe and efficacious management.It can improve qualify of life remarkably and have no influence on sexual quality of life.

Objective To investigate the effects of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) combined with norepinephrine (NE) on L-type calcium current (LCa-l) in rat ventricular myocytes. Methods Ventricular myocytes were isolated from SD rats (weighing 260-280 g) by retrograde perfusion of the heart via the aorta with an enzyme-containing solution as previously described. Whole-cell patch-clamp recording was made using Axopatch 200B amplifier. The cells were perfused for 1 min with Tyrode solution containing CGRP 1 × 10-7 mol/L (group CGRP) , NE 1 × 10-6 mol/L (group NE), or CGRP 1 × 10-7 mol/L + NE 1 × 10-6 mol/L (group CN) and again washed with Tyrode solution. ICa-L was recorded 1 min before and 1 min after the cells were perfused and 1 min after the cells were washed. I-V curve of ICa-L was made after the cells were perfused with solution containing CGRP or NE alone. Results CGRP significantly inhibited the peak of ICa-L, while NE significantly promoted the peak of ICa-L(P < 0.05) . The peak of ICa-L was significantly decreased 1 min after the cells were perfused in group CGRP,while increased 1 min after the cells were perfused in group NE compared with group CN ( P < 0.05). CGRP made the I-V curve of ICa-L move up-ward, while NE made the I-V curve of ICa-L move down-ward. Conclusion CGRP can weaken the promotion of ICa-L induced by NE in rat ventricular myocytes.

In the recent years,the earthquake occured frequently in the whole world which caused the increased incidence of crush syndrome (CS). The four limbs and torso will be bleeding and swelling when they are prounded and crushed from the heavy objects. The necrosis of muscular tissue causes massive production of toxin which leads to a series of symptoms including hypotension ,kidney dysfunction and so on. The serious acute kidney injury (AKI) will be vital. When CS-AKI ,the ascending velocity of urea nitrogen and K+ levels in the blood is quicker than those of general AKI;many kinds of immune cells are activated to engender a great deal of inflammatory mediators;the blood dynamics is often unstable. Therefore, it is advocated that the blood purification treatment should be carried early to eliminate excessive metabolic produces in vivo,to reduce the cardiovascular complication occurrence, and to avoid the irreversible change of the kidney function.

Objective To investigate the effect of intravenous midazolam on the response of parafascicular nucleus(Pf) to noxious stimuli in rats. Methods Twenty SD rats of both sexes weighing 260-300g were used in the study. The animals were anesthetized with intraperitoneal urethane(1.2 g/kg) . A hole was drilled in the skull. Under stereomicroscope micro-glass electrode was inserted into Pf nucleus and the characteristic discharge of nociceptive neurons was recorded. The experiment was then performed in four steps. The discharge was recorded in the basal state (A), when hind paw was pinched by a pair of strong forceps: noxious stimuli (B) , 2 min after midazolam 0.2 mg/kg was given intravenously , step B was repeated (C) and flumazenil 0.05mg was given iv and 2 min later step B was repeated (D) . There was a pause of 5 min after each step. Results The characteristic discharge of nociceptive neurons was recorded only in 9 animals and the data from 6 animals were complete and could be analyzed. Noxious stimuli induced significant increase in spike of discharge of nociceptive neurons. Midazolam significantly depressed the response of nociceptive neurons to noxious stimuli. There was no significant difference in the mean spikes of discharge of nociceptive neurons between step A and C. After flumazenil the mean spike of discharge increased again in response to noxious stimuli. Conclusion Midazolam can inhibit the activity of the nociceptive neurons located in Pf nucleus, probably through GABA-BZ receptor.