OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of episodic hypoxia(EHYP) on liver CYP3A2 and CYP2E1. METHODS: Healthy masculinity rats were divided randomly into five groups: control group, 3 -day EHYP group, 7 -day EHYP group, 14 -day EHYP group, and 28 -day EHYP group. 24 h after the management of EHYP, the rats were anesthetized by intraperitoneal injection, and the eyeball blood 2ml was drawn to prepare serum. The activities of ALT and AST in the serum were determined by enzymatic methods. The activities of liver microsomal erythromycin demethylase(ERD) and aniline hydroxylase(ANH) were detected by spectrophotography. The levels of mRNA expression of CYP3A2,CYP2E1 were assayed with RT-PCR. RESULTS: The serum activities of ALT,AST showed no remarkable change. However, after 7 days of hypoxia, ERD and ANH activities were remarkably elevated, and at 28 days induction rates reached up to155.5% and 42.2%, respectively. Meanwhile, the levels of mRNA expression of CYP3A2,CYP2E1 also increased by 220.5% and 102.8%, respectively. CONCLUSION: Chronic EHYP can remarkably increase the activities of ERD and ANH, whose mechanism is probably related to up-regulating of CYP3A2 and CYP2E1 expression at the transcriptive level.

AIM: To explore the effects of homocysteine on the apoptosis in PC12 cells and the relationship between the apoptosis and the expression of the bcl-2 as well as bax gene. METHODS: Cell viability was determined by MTT assay. Cell apoptosis was assessed by phase-contrast microscope, fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry (FCM). The expression of bcl-2 and bax mRNA was measured by semiquantitative reverse transcription polymerse chain reaction (RT-PCR). RESULTS: Treatment of PC12 cells with Hcy plus 10 ?mol/L copper for 12 h, in the range of 0.125, 0.25, 0.5, 1.0 mmol/L, caused a great decrease in cell viability: 81%, 79%, 69%, 57%, and induced typical morphological changes of apoptosis in a dose-dependent manner. The apoptosis ratios were respectively 8.00%, 10.37%, 17.26% and 20.19%, respectively. The expression of bcl-2 was significantly decreased (from 0.517 to 0.198) whereas bax was significantly increased (from 0.302 to 0.619). CONCLUSION: Homocysteine plus copper may induce apoptosis in PC12 cells through the down-regulation of bcl-2 and the up-regulation of bax gene expression.

Objective To explore the relationship of expression and the effect of preoperative radiotherapy of endothelin-1 (ET-1) and pyruvate kinase M-2 (PKM2) in rectal carcinoma.Methods Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of ET-1 and PKM2 proteins of rectal cancer tissues in 96 cases.The expressions of ET-1 and PKM2 were analyzed with the effect of preoperative radiotherapy in rectal cancer tissue.Results The high expression of ET-1 protein was 59 cases (61.46％).The high expression of PKM2 proteins was 54 cases (56.25％).The high expressions of ET-1 and PKM2 protein were worsen the effect of tumor regressive grade (TRG) than lower expressions of those after preoperative radiotherapy of rectal cancer tissue (P ＜ 0.05).The protein expression of ET-1 and PKM2 were positively correlated (P =0.006).Conclusions The high expressed ET-1 and PKM2 proteins in rectal cancer are closely related to preoperative radiotherapy resistance.ET-1 and PKM2 proteins are expected to become new targets of radiotherapy sensitivity and radiotherapy sensitization of rectal cancer.

Objective: To investigate the effect of health education based on Pender′s health promotion theory on life style and living quality of patients with coronary heart disease and undergone percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). Methods: A total of 124 cases of patients with coronary heart disease, undergone PCI and admitted to hospital from October 2016 to December 2017 were selected as the research objects, and divided into observation group and control group using the random number table method, with 62 cases in each group. All the patients were performed routine nursing intervention including mental intervention, medication guidance, rehabilitation training, complications prevention and follow-up visit after discharge. Besides, patients in control group were performed routine health education, and those in observation group were performed health education based on Pender′s health promotion theory. After 3 months and 6 months of follow-up visit, the healthy life style and living quality of the patients were measured by Pender Health-promoting Lifestyle Profile and Seattle Angina Questionnaire (SAQ). Results: After 3 months of follow-up visit, the scores of self-actualization, sports health, balanced diet, employment security and interpersonal support development in observation group were respectively (3.01±0.41), (2.94±0.43), (3.14±0.37), (3.14±0.43) and (2.75±0.41), which were significantly higher than (2.80±0.43), (2.63±0.37), (2.89±0.46), (2.82±0.49) and (2.43±0.47) in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=2.783, 4.403, 3.335, 3.865, 4.040, P<0.05); after 6 months of follow-up visit, the scores of self-actualization, sports health, balanced diet, employment security and interpersonal support development in observation group were respectively (3.52±0.44), (3.45±0.52), (3.60±0.34), (3.56±0.35), (3.36±0.45) and (50.61±5.53), which were significantly higher than (3.12±0.45), (2.86±0.40), (3.15±0.52), (3.12±0.46) and (2.86±0.56) in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=5.004, 7.081, 5.703, 5.994, 5.480, P<0.05).After 3 months of follow-up visit, the scores of body confinement degree, angina stability, angina attack degree, treatment satisfaction scale and disease cognition degree in observation group were respectively (69.02±3.98), (62.38±4.59), (66.39±5.24), (81.42±7.73) and (70.41±5.38), which were significantly higher than (65.56±3.57), (57.34±5.37), (62.86±4.28), (74.59±7.28) and (65.32±4.23) in control group, and the differences were statistically significant (t=5.096, 5.618, 4.108, 5.065, 5.856, P<0.05); after 6 months of follow-up visit, the scores of body confinement degree, angina stability, angina attack degree, treatment satisfaction scale and disease cognition degree in observation group were respectively (74.20±8.41), (70.12±7.24), (71.30±7.62), (91.30±8.21) and (75.21±8.52), which were significantly higher than (68.56±8.10), (64.45±7.62), (65.32±7.10), (85.36±7.62) and (69.52±7.65) in control group, and the differences were statistically significant(t=3.803, 4.247, 4.786, 4.176, 3.913, P<0.05). Conclusion Health education based on Pender′s health promotion theory can help promote the formation of healthy life style of patients with coronary artery disease and undergone PCI and improve their living quality.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drug Therapy, Combination ; Endonucleases ; genetics ; metabolism ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Messenger ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Statistics as Topic ; Stomach Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; genetics ; metabolism ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome

Late embryogenesis abundant (LEA) proteins are well associated with the desiccation tolerance in organisms. LEA proteins are categorized into at least seven groups by virtue of similarities in their deduced amino acid sequences. Most of the LEA proteins have the characteristics of high hydrophilicity and thermo-stability. The LEA proteins are in unstructured conformation in aqueous solution. However, they adopted amphiphilic alpha-helix structure during desiccation condition. LEA proteins are localized to the different organelles in the cells, i.e. cytoplasm, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondria and nucleus. The multi-functional capacity of LEA proteins are suggested, as protein stabilization, protection of enzyme activity, membrane association and stabilization, antioxidant function, metal-ion binding or DNA protection, etc. Here, we review the structural and functional characteristics of LEA proteins to provide a reference platform to understand their protective mechanisms during the adaptive response to desiccation in organisms.
Adaptation, Physiological ; Dehydration ; Desiccation ; Droughts ; Plant Physiological Phenomena ; Plant Proteins ; physiology ; Stress, Physiological

AIMTo investigate the neural network and cellular mechanisms of hippocampal epileptogenesis contralateral or ipsilateral to the side of acute tetanization (60 Hz, 2 s, 0.4 - 0.6 mA) of the posterior dorsal hippocampus (ATPDH).

METHODS10 trains of the ATPDH were administered into the CA1 basal dendritic region of the right hemisphere at an interval of 10 minutes.

RESULTS(1) The firing rate of CA1 single neuron in the right or the left hippocampus was inhibited respectively after the ATPDH, and the effects weakened gradually while the trains of the ATPDH increased. The inhibited firing rate and the transformed firing pattern from tonic one to clonic one were more obvious at the side contralateral to the stimulation (62.94% +/- 3.68%, 36.61% +/- 3.14%, P < 0.01). (2) Synchronous primary afterdischarges of depth EEG and single unit discharges were more commonly observed at the side ipsilateral to the ATPDH (P < 0.01). (3) Primary or secondary hippocampal network afterdischarges at high frequency were only found in CA1 region ipsilateral to the ATPDH. (4) Secondary afterdischarges of CA3 basal dendritic neural network were completely synchronized with those of subicular single neuron, which reoccurred and persisted several hours.

CONCLUSIONIt is possible that post-inhibition bursting of single neuron and recurrent network seizures in the hippocampus contralateral to the artificial focus be the important manifestation of the formation of "epileptic networks" across from one hemisphere to another.

Animals ; Electric Stimulation ; Hippocampus ; physiology ; Male ; Neural Pathways ; physiology ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Seizures ; etiology

OBJECTIVETo observe the effects of Naomaitai capsule on the learning and memory abilities and the content of acetylcholine(Ach) in the brain tissue of the model rat.

METHODOne vascular dementia(VD) model was produced by occlusion of bilateral common carotid arteries in rats with following steps: ischemia 20 minutes-reperfusion 10 minutes-ischemia 20 minutes. The learning and memory abilities were tested by water maze. The other VD model was formed by 4-vessel occlusion-reperfusion injury in rats. The time of right reflect recovery and the content of Ach in the brain tissue were determined.

RESULTNaomaitai capsule can significantly improve the learning and memory abilities of the dementia rats( P < 0.05, P < 0.01), increase the content of Ach (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) and reduce the time of right reflect recovery(P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONNaomaitai capsule can improve the learning and memory abilities by increasing the content of Ach of the VD rats.

Acetylcholine ; metabolism ; Animals ; Brain Chemistry ; Brain Ischemia ; metabolism ; Capsules ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; isolation & purification ; pharmacology ; Ginkgo biloba ; chemistry ; Learning ; drug effects ; Male ; Memory ; drug effects ; Neuroprotective Agents ; pharmacology ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Reperfusion Injury ; metabolism ; psychology

Objective:To investigate the effect of problem-oriented nursing intervention in the self-management rehabilitation of patients with coronary heart disease after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).Methods:A total of 128 patients with coronary heart disease undergoing PCI operation in Changzhou Second People′s Hospital from January 2019 to January 2021 were selected and randomly divided into the observation group and the control group with 64 cases in each group. The control group was given routine self-management intervention, and the observation group was given problem-oriented self-management intervention. After 6 months of intervention, the indicators of self-management ability, cardiac function, and quality of life were compared between the two groups.Results:After 6 months of intervention, the observation group actually completed 58 cases, and the control group actually completed 62 cases. Before the intervention, there were no significant differences between the two groups in the scores of coronary self-management ability scale, cardiac function index and Seattle Angina Questionnaire ( P>0.05). Six months after intervention, the scores of disease knowledge management, symptom management, first aid management, daily life management, bad addiction management, treatment compliance, and self-management ability in the observation group were 16.34 ± 2.36, 13.36 ± 2.42, 12.26 ± 2.23, 17.45 ± 2.74, 16.52 ± 2.45, 12.16 ± 2.15, 103.54 ± 14.32, which were significant higher than those of in the control group, 14.32 ± 2.45, 12.45 ± 2.23, 10.75 ± 2.32, 16.05 ± 2.45, 15.24 ± 2.53, 10.36 ± 2.24, 94.09 ± 13.36 ( t=2.14-4.59, all P<0.05). After six months of intervention, the left ventricular end-systolic diameter (LVESD) and the left ventricular end-diastolic diameter(LVEDD) were (34.39 ± 6.75) mm and (52.60 ± 6.31) mm, which were significant lower than those of the control group, (38.56 ± 6.52) mm and (55.79 ± 5.74) mm ( t=3.52 and 2.90, both P<0.05). Left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) and left ventricular short-axis shortening rate (FS) in the observation group after 6 months intervention were (44.25 ± 3.65)% and (23.86 ± 2.41)%, which were significant higher than those of in the control group, (39.24 ± 3.52)% and (22.26 ± 2.51)%( t=7.65 and 3.56, both P<0.05). Six months after the intervention, the scores of the degree of body limitation, angina pectoris, stable angina pectoris attack degree, treatment satisfaction, disease cognition degree, quality of life score in the observation group were 73.09 ± 8.13, 68.21 ± 10.15, 74.10 ± 4.45, 79.36 ± 8.21, 76.53 ± 9.43, 72.26 ± 9.12, which were significant higher than those of in the control group, 64.15 ± 8.11, 59.38 ± 10.23, 63.51 ± 5.23, 62.45 ± 8.16, 67.68 ± 9.20, 63.44 ± 8.65 ( t=4.74-11.91, all P<0.05). Conclusion:Problem-oriented nursing intervention is helpful to promote the development of self-management ability of patients with coronary heart disease after PCI, promote the recovery of postoperative cardiac function, and improve the quality of life of patients.

Objective:To evaluate the role of G-protein coupled receptor 37 (GPR37) in cognitive dysfunction in a mouse model of neuropathic pain.Methods:SPF-grade healthy male C57BL/6 mice and GPR37 knockout (GPR37-KO) mice, aged 3 months, with a body weight of approximately 20 g, were divided into 4 groups ( n=6 each) using a random number table method: control group (Con group), neuropathic pain group (NPP group), GPR37-KO+ control group (GPR37-KO Con group) and GPR37-KO+ neuropathic pain group (GPR37-KO NPP group). The mouse model of neuropathic pain was established by ligation of the sciatic nerve. The thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) and mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) were measured at 7 days after surgery. The open field test and Morris water maze test were performed at 28 days after surgery. The mice were subsequently sacrificed, and the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) was obtained for determination of the level of phosphorylated calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein kinase Ⅱ(p-CAMKⅡ) and expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and postsynaptic density protein 95 (PSD-95). Results:Compared to Con group, no significant changes were found in the parameters in GPR37-KO Con group ( P>0.05), and TWL was significantly shortened, MWT was decreased, the time the animal spent in central area was prolonged and the platform-crossing times were increased in the open field test, and the escape latency was prolonged and platform-crossing times were decreased in the Morris water maze test, and the expression of p-CAMKⅡ, BDNF and PSD-95 in the mPFC was down-regulated in NPP group ( P<0.05). Compared with NPP group, TWL was significantly shortened, MWT was decreased, the time the animal spent in central area was prolonged and the platform-crossing times were increased in the open field test, and the escape latency was prolonged and platform-crossing times were decreased in the Morris water maze test, and the expression of p-CAMKⅡ, BDNF and PSD-95 in the mPFC was down-regulated in GPR37-KO NPP group ( P<0.05). Conclusions:GPR37 is involved in the development of cognitive dysfunction in mice with neuropathic pain, and the mechanism may be related to its modulation of synaptic plasticity.