Cranial Sinuses ; surgery ; Diverticulum ; complications ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tinnitus ; etiology ; surgery

AIM: To study the effects of artemisunate on anoikis resistance in human breast cancer cells. METHODS: After breast cancer MCF-7 cells were treated with artemisunate, the growth of anchorage independence of breast cancer MCF-7 cells was examined in soft agar colony formation, and apoptosis of breast cancer were evaluated by terminal deoxynucleatidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) and DNA ladder. RESULTS: Artemisunate significantly inhibited the growth of anchorage independence of breast cancer MCF-7 cells in soft agar colon formation in a dose-dependent manner. Artemisunate induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells was conformed by DNA ladder and TUNEL assay, which was in a time-and dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Artemisunate inhibits the growth of anchorage independence of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, which is related to anoikis.

Objective To preliminarily analyze the credibility and validity of Chinese Medical Constitution Questionnaire(CMCQ).Methods CMCQ was used to investigate the distribution of Chinese medical constitution types of 450 women inpatients with postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) after gynecologic laparoscopic surgery from March to October of 2013.Credibility and validity were analyzed by Cronbach's α coefficient and factor analysis.Results Mixed constitution was identified in 184 (40.9％) patients.Cronbach's α coefficient of two dimensions (yang deficiency and qi stagnation) of CMCQ was proper,being 0.815 and 0.803 respectirely,while that of the dimension of harmony type was the lowest (0.514).The total variance explained by 9 common factors extracted from the results of factor analysis was only 48.5％.Conclusion CMCQ may need further revision based on the results of clinical application.

Objective To assess the effect of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) agonist on prostate epithelial cells in vitro.Methods The expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ(PPARγ) was studied by immunocytochemistry and immunofluorescence study.The RWPE-1 human prostate epithelial cell line was treated with PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone 100 μmol/L for 48 h.Analysis of apoptosis was performed by Caspase 3/7 activity assay.Mitochondria depolarization was measured by using the potential-sensitive color,JC-1.The expression of apoptosis-related proteins-Bax was investigated by immunohistochemistry.Results PPARγ mainly located in nucleus and perinucleus.RWPE-1 cell line treated with PPARγ agonist rosiglitazone showed higher Caspase 3/7 activity (10636±1032 RLU) than in control (5936±620 RLU),P＜0.01 and significantly upregulated Bax level (8250±694 vs.6017±563)than in control group,P＜0.01.In addition,mitochondrial membrane potential was depolarized in rosiglitazone treated cells.Conclusions PPARmay play important roles in the pathophysiology of BPH.The mechanism might be that PPARγ regulates cell apoptosis.It is suggested that the mitochondrial and Bax pathway might be involved in signaling PPARγ induced cell apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the level of uncertainty of illness and social support state in patients with prediabetes,and to discuss the correlation between the two.Methods 243 cases with prediabetes were analyzed by Uncertainty in Illness Scale and Social Support Rating Scale.Results There was a middle uncertainty in the elderly patients with prediabetes.The objective support,sabjective support,social support utilization degree and social support score were negatively related to the complexity of uncertainty(r--0.419,-0.433,-0.390 and-0.421,respectively,all P＜ 0.05).Conclusions Medical staff should evaluate the uncertainty in illness in elderly patients with prediabetes and conduct nursing intervention accordingly,in order to reduce the uncertainty,increase social support,and ultimately improve the quality of life.

Objective To evaluate the changes in the levels of motilin in the duodenum in a rat model of incisional pain.Methods Eighty-four healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats,aged 6-8 months,weighing 180-220 g,were randomized into 2 groups (n =42 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and incisional pain group (group P).The animals were anesthetized with sevoflurane.In group P,a 1 cm long incision was made in the plantar surface of right hindpaw.Six rats were chosen from each group and mechanical paw withdrawal threshold (MWT) and thermal paw withdrawal latency (TWL) were measured at 24 h before operation (T0) and 1,6,24,48 and 72 h after operation (T1-5).Six rats were chosen from each group at T0-5 and sacrificed and the duodenal mucosal tissue was prepared for measurement of motilin levels by ELISA.Pearson linear correlate analysis was performed between the motilin level and pain threshold at each time point in group P.Results Compared with group C,MWT was significantly decreased,TWL was shortened,and motilin levels were significantly increased at T1-4,and no significant change was found at T0 and T5 in group P.The motilin levels were negatively correlated with MWT (r =-0.8 910) and TWL (r =-0.8 463) in group P.Conclusion Incisional pain can promote the secretion of motilin in the duodenum.

BACKGROUND:As the potent, specific immunosuppressants emerge, the survival rate after intestinal transplantation is improved to some extent. However, the adverse effects of immunosuppressants and expensive treatment costs are not tolerable for many patients. Therefore, it is clinical y meaningful to choose traditional Chinese medicine which presents immunosuppressive effects. Artesunate has immune suppression effect, reduces acute rejection fol owing smal intestine transplantation, and improves the success rate of smal intestine transplantation.
OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect and action mechanism of artesunate in acute rejection after smal intestine transplantation in rats.
METHODS:Al ogeneic smal intestine transplantation models were established in the closed group of
Sprague-Dawley rats and Wistar rats, and then were randomly divided into three groups, syngenic transplantation group (SD→SD), al ogeneic transplantation group (Wistar→SD), and artesunate treatment group (Wistar→SD+artesunate 60 mg/kg per day, intraperitoneal injection).
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Rats in syngenic transplantation group survived for more than 10 days and they were al kil ed on day 10. The average survival of rats in al ogeneic transplantation group and artesunate treatment group was respectively (6.73±0.58) days and (8.50±0.74) days, with significant differences between the two groups (P<0.01). Histopathological examination showed that, there was no apparent rejection in syngenic transplantation group specimens, but mild, moderate and severe rejections in al ogeneic transplantation group on days 3, 5, 7. In treatment group, some specimens had mild rejection, but appeared relatively late to a low degree. Enzyme linked immunosorbent assay results revealed that, serum interleukin-2 and interferon-gamma expression levels in al ogeneic transplantation group were significantly higher than other two groups after surgery (P<0.01), serum interleukin-2 gene expression level in treatment group was also higher than syngenic transplantation group, but there was no significant difference (P>0.05), serum interferon-gamma expression level in treatment group was higher than syngenic transplantation group (P<0.05). Artesunate can inhibit acute rejection after rat smal intestine transplantation, and its mechanism may be related to inhibition effect on the secretion and expression of interleukin-2, interferon-gamma and other cytokines.

ObjectiveTo study the indications and mid-term outcomes of periacetabular osteotomy on adult patients of developmental dysplasia of the hip (DDH). MethodsTwenty-five adult patients with DDH underwent periacetabular osteotomies through modified Smith-Peterson approach. There were 19 females and 6 males with an average age of 25.5 years(range, 18-45). Every patient had a single dysplasia hip, including 14 hips in the left, and the other 11 in the right. Three cases were operated formerly, 2 of them received Chari osteotomy and 1 received Salter osteotomy. Before operation 13 hips were T(o)nnis Grade 0 osteoarthritis, 9 hips were Grade Ⅰ , 3 hips were Grade Ⅱ. The Shenton line of 18 hips was broken. The lateral center-edge angle was 4.57°±7.39°, the anterior center-edge angle was 0.95°±6.02°, the horizontal tilt angle was 32.50°±5.96°, the femoral head extrusion index was 38.11％±5.70％, the Harris hip score was 75.32±7.51 points. Changes of the indexes mentioned above were observed during the period of follow-up.ResultsAll patients were followed up for average 4.5 years(range, 2.0-7.5). Compared with the preoperative radiographic severity at the latest follow-up, 3 hips of T(o)nnis Grade Ⅰ improved to Grade 0, 2 hips of Grade Ⅱ improved to Grade Ⅰ, 1 hip of Grade Ⅰ changed into Grade Ⅱ. The incident of the break of Shenton line decreased to 10 hips. The lateral center-edge angle improved to 29.07°±5.81° the anterior centeredge angle improved to 29.52°±4.51°, the horizontal tilt angle decreased to 19.17°±4.95°, the femoral head extrusion index decreased to 24.20％±4.83％, the Harris hip score increased to 84.88±4.88 points. The major complication included 16 cases of lateral femoral cutaneous nerve palsy(7 cases of them didn't recover forever) and 1 case of ectopic ossification of Brooker Ⅰ . ConclusionPeriacetabular osteotomy through a modified Smith-Peterson approach were performed to the dysplasia hip of adults, it can increase congruence,improve hip function; it can also prevent subchondral sclerosis and cysts forming, preserve joint space and delay the occurrence of osteoarthritis.

AIM:To investigate the differences among Lenstar 900, A-scan ultrasound and keratometer in measurement of axial length ( AL ) , anterior chamber depth ( ACD ) and corneal curvature ( K1 , K2 , Km ) , and evaluate the consistency of the instruments, with the purpose providing references for the clinical application of Lenstar 900.
METHODS: In this study we picked up 36 patients ( 50 eyes ) underwent cataract surgery, and lens nucleus hardness were under level IV. Before the operation, AL, ACD and K1 , K2 , Km were measured by Lenstar 900, A-scan ultrasound and keratometer respectively. The differences between the results were compared by the paired t-test. The correlation of the results was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, and the consistency was measured by Bland-Ahamn method.
RESULTS: The mean AL and ACD values measured by Lenstar 900 and A-scan ultrasound had no significantly statistic differences (P>0. 05). The K1, K2, Km measured by Lenstar 900 and keratometer were not significantly statistical different (P>0. 05). The results measured by these three instruments had close linearity correlation ( r>0.9, P<0. 01). The consistency of the results was well in Bland-Ahamn analysis.
CONCLUSION:The preoperatively biometric result of Lenstar 900, A - scan ultrasound and keratometer in patients with cataract are all reliable, and they can be substituted by each other. However, Lenstar 900 can not only measure AL, ACD and corneal curvature at the same time, but also cornal thickness, lens thickness, white to white, pupil size, optical axis eccentricity, retinal thickness and so on. It has a number of advantages such as non-touching, convenient and efficient, and can be recommended to use widely.

MicroRNAs(miRNAs)are a class of small RNA molecules which play a pivotal role in the regulation of genes involved in diverse processes.Recently,many viral-encoded miRNAs have been discovered,which suggests that viruses also use this fundamental mode of gene regulation.Although the functions of most viral- encoded miRNAs are unknown,some of them are involved in evading CTL,mediating latent infection,apoptosis suppression,etc.Uncovering the role of viral miRNAs in the pathopoiesis offers an immense opportunity not only to develope effective antiviral therapies,but also to identifying novel molecular targets for developing antiviral reagents.Therefore,recent progress on vmiRNAs was reviewed.