Objective To investigate the common causes of acute renal failure(ARF) in the elderly hospitalized patients and the effect of continuous peritoneal dialysis(PD) by bedside intubation.Methods The data of hospitalized patients with ARF including 28 elderly patients (mean age 68.2?9.6 yrs) and 13 adult patients (mean age 39.4?9.1 yrs) were studied.Of them,32 patients received PD by bedside intubation.The nosogenesis of ARF was analyzed and the effect of emergency PD by bedside cmpared between two groups.Results Among various causes,prerenal factors accounted for 32.1%,infection and wound of bad control 39.3%,unreasonable use of nephrotoxic drugs 14.3%,which totally accounted for 85.7%.Of 21 elderly patients (76%) receiving PD treatment,11 (52.4%) acquired completely remission,5 (23.8%) turned to chronic PD,the successful rate of intensive care being 81.0%,and the death rate being 19.1%.Conclusion Prerenal factors,infection,wound of bad and unreasonable use of nephrotoxic drugs are the common causes of ARF in the elderly hospitalized patients.PD by bedside intubation is safe,simple and effective.

Animals ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; immunology ; Humans ; Immune System Phenomena ; Toll-Like Receptors

Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Ghrelin on the contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle. Methods The effect of different concentrations of Ghrelin (0;20;40;80 μg/kg) on the small intestinal transit in vagotomized rats in vivo and Ghrelin (0.01; 0.1;0.5 ; 1.0 μmol/L) on the contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle strips in vitro was observed,the locations of Ghrelin receptors (GHS-R1 a) in small intestinal muscle layers were detected by immunofluorescency. Results Ghrelin dose-dependently increases small intestinal transit (( 25.4 ± 1.0)％,(33.7 ± 1.9)％,(39.3 ±2.4)％,(44.7 ±2.1)％),enhances the contraction ((67.0 ±2.4)％,(149.5 ±3.3)％,(187.1 ±4.7)％,(213.5 ±3.4)％) and relaxation ((35.3 ± 1.1)％,(62.9 ± 3.8 ) ％,( 79.6 ± 2.7 ) ％,( 94.6 ± 2.2 ) ％ ) of smooth muscle strips mediated by carbachol.Ghrelin receptors were mainly located on membrane of the nerve cells in the muscle layers,while no receptors exist on membrane of smooth muscle cells. Conclusions Ghrelin enhances the effect of contraction and relaxation of rat small intestinal smooth muscle mediated by cholinergic neurotransmitters activating nerve cells in the enteric plexus.

3-Hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGR) is the first rate-limiting enzyme for sesquiterpene synthesis in the mevalonate (MVA) pathway. The specific primers were designed according to the transcript sequence of AsHMGR2 from the Aquilaria sinensis (Lour.) Gilg transcriptome database. The full-length cDNA of AsHMGR2 was cloned by RT-PCR and rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technology, and was analyzed at bioinformatics levels; AsHMGR2 expression profiles in different tissues and in responds to different treatments were analyzed by real-time PCR. The length of AsHMGR2 Open Reading Frame (ORF) was 1 749 bp, encoding 582 amino acids. The GenBank accession number is KC140287. Tissue expression analysis indicated that AsHMGR2 was mainly expressed in root and shoot tips, followed by stem, and was lowest in leaves. Inducible-experiments showed that the genes were induced by mechanical wound as well as chemical liquid induction, and reached the highest expression level at 6 h and 8 h, separately. The full-length cDNA of AsHMGR2 and its expression patterns will provide a foundation for further research on its function in agarwood sesquiterpene biosynthesis.

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) is a common clinical critical disease, characterized by progressive respiratory distress, intractable hypoxemia, respiratory failure and so on, with high mortality rate and lack of effective prevention and treatment strategies. In recent years, mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) can be used in the treatment of acute lung injury (ALI), which cannot only replace the damaged lung epithelial cells, but also promote tissue repair and alleviate ARDS by secreting anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrosis factors. This review focuses on the related mechanisms and signal pathways of MSC and its paracrine factors in the treatment of ARDS by regulating the balance of macrophage polarization.

Objective To study the correlation between alanie aminotransferase(ALT) unqualified samples and hepatitis B sur‐face antigen(HBsAg) and hepatitis C virus antibody (anti‐HCV) detection and to investigate an effective measure for reducing the discard rate of donated blood .Methods 330 633 blood samples donated by volunteers in Shenzhen Municipal Blood Center from January 1 ,2009 to December 31 ,2013 were performed the ALT ,HBsAg and anti‐HCV detection .Then the correlation between the detection results of ALT and viral hepatitis .Results Among 33 0633 donated blood samples ,there were 932 cases (0 .282% ) of ALT positive and 2 965 cases (0 .897% ) of viral hepatitis positive ,the differences were statistically significant (P<0 .05) .915 cases were unqualified in ALT ,but negative in viral hepatitis ,which accounting for 98 .176% of all ALT unqualified samples ;the blood discard rate generated by ALT disqualification was 0 .277% (915/330633) .Conclusion Our study indicates that the statistical difference exists in the ALT unqualified rate and the viral hepatitis detection rate ,conducting the ALT detection has the lower coin‐cidence rate for expected viral hepatic ,many false positive lead to the discard of normal blood .Therefore ,whether to continue using the ALT detection as the auxillary detection indicator is still being negotiated .

Objective: To determine cholic acid in artificial Calculus Bovis and its preparation. Methods: TLCS reflection saw tooth method was used. ? S=380nm, ? R=650nm. Narrow slot: 0.4?0.4nm Sx=3. Results: The precision, replication, stability and recovery of this method were well. Conclusion: The method is suitable for the determination of cholic acid in artificial Calculus Bovis and various traditional Chinese medicine containing artificial Calculus Bovis

Objective:To study the clinical efficacy of acupuncture for ischemic stroke and its effect on ET-1 levels in IS cases.Method:The 63 cases were randomized into a treatment group (31 cases),receiving acupuncture and routine method,and control group (32 cases),receiving routine method alone.Seven days constitute a course of treatment,a 2-day interval between two courses.The clinical efficacy and ET-1 level in two groups were compared after four weeks.Result:The total effective rate in the treatment group and control group were 96.8% and 75% respectively,with a statistical significance (P＜0.05);the ET-1 level in blood plasma also with a statistical significance after the treatment (P＜0.05);the pre-treatment and post-treatment ET-1 level in the treatment group showed a statistical significance (P＜0.01),whereas the control group didn't.Conclusion:Acupuncture is effective for ischemic stroke and can lower the ET-1 level in ischemic stroke cases.

A high performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry- charged aerosol detection ( HPLC-MS-CAD) method was established for the simultaneous quantitative analysis of four Lignans in Magnoliae Flos extract. The components were separated on a YMC-Pack ODS-A column (250 mm× 4. 6 mm, 5 μm) by gradient elution with methanol and water as the mobile phase at aflow rate of 1. 0 mL/min. Then the elution solution was routed into MS equipment at a flow rate of 0. 3 mL/min and CAD detector at a flow rate of 0. 7 mL/min by a split ratio of 3:7 for the further detection. The column temperature was 25 ℃ and the detection wavelength was 278 nm. A method was developed for the quantitative analysis of muti-components by single maker ( QAMS) to determine pinoresinol dimethylether, magnoli, 1irioresinol B dimethylethe and epi-magnoli A . Magnoli was selected as internal standard and the relative correction factors ( RCF) of the four Lignans were calculated. The contents of the four Lignans in Magnoliae Flos extract were determined by both external standard method and QAMS. The QAMS method was evaluated by comparison of its assay result and that of external standard method. Under the selected chromatographic condition, the limits of detection of pinoresinol dimethylether, magnoli, lirioresinol B dimethylethe and epi-magnoli A were 0. 34, 0. 55, 0. 50 and 0. 58 mg/L, respectively, while the linear range were within 6. 8-270 mg/L, 11-546 mg/L, 2. 0-101 mg/L and 2. 3-116 mg/L. The recoveries ( n=9 ) were 98. 2%-99. 5%, and the correlation coefficient were 0 . 9995-0 . 9998 . No significant differences were found between the quantitative results of external standard method and QAMS method. The developed method is accurate, feasible, and can be used for quality evaluation of Magnoliae Flos .

Objective To investigate the effect and the mechanism of the GITR-antibody(glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor receptor-ligand antibody) on the mouse leukemia model induced by L615.Methods The mouse leukemia models induced by L615 cells were divided into 4 groups: negative controls(peritoneal injection of normal saline,0.2 ml/d),GITR group(GITR,100,infused through caudal vein 2 d before leukemic lymphocytes inoculation,again at dose of 50 ?g/each mouse after inoculation),Cyclophosphamide group(200 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1),intraperitoneal injection from the 3~(rd) day after inoculation for 3 d),GITR+ Cyclophosphamide group(100 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) Cyclophosphamide instead).The survival time,leukocyte counting in the peripheal blood,liver and spleen index were calculated and the pathological examination of liver,spleen were performed.Results GITR-ligand could prolong the survival time of mouse leukemia model,lead the necrosis and apoptosis of leukemic cells in bone marrow,decrease the liver and spleen index,decrease and relieve the leukocyte increase of peripheal blood and the irregular swelling of liver and spleen.Conclusion Through immunoregulation,GITR-antibody can inhibit the L615 leukemic cells effectively,therefore inhibit the progress of leukemia to some extent.