The progress of modality therapy has improved both survival rate and quality of life of retinoblastoma(RB) patients.However,some problems are still left and unsolved.Parts of the RB relapse after they are treated for the first time.Even more remarkable,the related individuals to the RB patients run a risk of RB.Gene diagnosis and treatment are emerging and appear to solve these problems.Some researches in developed countries and Hong Kong have successfully made progress in gene diagnosis of RB.However,the detection rate of Rb1 gene mutation is very low.Researches documented for many years that gene diagnosis for RB is extremely complex,so we should go further to achieve a goal of gene diagnosis.Gene diagnosis of RB is still an initiation in China.We should strengthen relevant study and spread this technique.

Purpose:To evaluate ~(18)F-deoxyglucose dual-head tomography with hPET in the detection of suspected recurrence in non-small cell lung cancer, as compared with CT/MRI imaging. Methods:21 patients with clinically suspected recurrences in non-small-cell lung cancer underwent ~(18)F-FDG hPET and CT/MRI imaging. The final diagnosis of recurrence was proved by pathology or clinical following-up. Results:The ~(18)F-FDG hPET sensitivity, specificity,accuracy,postive predictive value in defining local recurrence were 94.1%,75%,90.5 %,94.1%,respectively ; and those of CT/MRI were 60%,66.7%,61.9%,81.8%, respectively. Conclusions:In comparison with CT/MRI,~(18)F-FDG hPET possesses a higher sensitivity、specificity and accuracy in detecting recurrence in non-small-cell lung cancer.~(18)FDG hPET is quite valuable methd to define the tanget in the radiotherapy of recunent non-small-cell lung cancer,and is less expensive than PET.It is thus recommended for clinical use.

Objective To explore the difference between the stapes prosthesis surgery with microscope and with otoscope. Methods Fifty-four patients with otoselerosis accepted stapes prosthesis surgery with the same kind of stapes prosthesis, done in the same operative method by the identical surgeon.All the operations were done with microscopes or with otoscopes. The operative difference and therapeutic effects between microscope surgery and otoscope surgery were analysed. Results There was no difference in the postoperative heating improvement between microscope surgery and otoscope surgery; the operative time of microscope surgery [(30±7)] min was much shorter than that of otoscope surgery [(60±5)] min,with significant statistical difference. Conclusions Stapes prosthesis surgery with microscope, which has advantages of bimanualness, easiness, and short operative time, is much better than that with otoscope.Thus, microscope is still the preferred magnifying equipment in stapes prosthesis surgery.

Objective:To investigate the effects of various bio-adhesive polymers on bio-adhesive characteristics and release rate of 5-fluorouracil HP-β-CD inclusion complex thermo-sensitive gels. Methods: Bio-adhesive polymer, such as hydroxypropylmethylcellu-lose ( HPMC) , sodium alginate ( SA) , sodium hyaluronat ( HA) ,carbopol and polycarbophil was respectively used to prepare the ther-mo-sensitive gels, and the bio-adhesive force was studied. The phosphate buffer (pH 7. 2) was used and the drug release characteris-tics were studied using dialysis technique. Results: The bio-adhesive force of the gels with 0. 2% polycarbophil was 32. 3 g·ml-1 , and the drug release time was prolonged to 8 h. There was no obvious difference in the dissolution among the gels with the various bio-adhesive polymers. Conclusion:Using 0. 2% polycarbophil as the bio-adhesive polymer, 5-fluorouracil HP-β-CD inclusion complex thermo-sensitive gels show good bio-adhesive force and prolonged drug release characteristics.

Objective To explore the effects of electro-acupuncture combined with surface gastric pacing on gastrointestinal dysfunction for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods Seventy-five SCI patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction were divided randomly into an electro-acupuncture group (group A),a gastric pacing treatment group (group B) and a group for which electro-acupuncture was combined with gastric pacing (group C).There were 25 cases in each group.Members of group A were given 30 minutes of electro-acupuncture per day ; those of group B had 30 minutes of gastric pacing treatment twice per day ; group C was provided with both 30 minutes of electro-acupuncture and one 30-minute gastric pacing treatment per day.All of the interventions lasted ten days.Before and after the treatment,all patients were assessed using a clinical symptoms score and with electrogastrograms,and any adverse effects were observed.Results There was a significant improvement in upper abdominal pain and epigastric discomfort,bloating and early satiety,nausea,vomiting,as well as belching and loss of appetite in each group after treatment.Before treatment there was no significant difference in the average clinical symptom scores of the three groups.After treatment the values had decreased,and those of group C were significantly lower than group A or B.The average scores of groups B and A were not significantly different.The electrogastrogram results showed than after treatment there was significant improvement in N％ and T％ in groups A and B,and also significant improvement in N％,B％ and T％ in group C compared to before treatment.Group C's improvements were all significantly greater than those observed in groups A and B.Conclusion Electro-acupuncture or gastric pacing alone can give some improvement in gastrointestinal function and its electrophysiological indicators,but their combined effects are better than when either is used alone.

Objective To study the expression of interleukin (IL-17A) in primary liver cancer (PHC) tissue and its clinical significance.Methods Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and immunohistochemistry was performed respectively to detect the expression of IL-17A mRNA and CD34 in tumor tissues from 37 patients with PHC.Murine H22 cells cultured in vitro were exposed to IL-17A at different dosages (0.1,0.5,1.0,5.0,10,50,100,500,1000 ng/ml) and the cell proliferation was assayed by MTT.IL-17A was administered to the mice transplanted with H22 cancer cells via caudal vein and the tumor volume was measured by vernier caliper.Immunohistochemistry was used to detect the CD31 expression in H22 cancer tissues.Results IL-17A mRNA was detected in 26 of the 37 samples of primary liver cancer.The microvessel densities in IL-17A-positive samples and IL-17A-negative samples were 66.6 ± 2.5 and 26.7--2.5,respectively.The difference between two groups was significant (P＜0.01).The proliferation of H22 cells exposed to various dosages of IL-17A was not different (P＞0.05).The volume of murine tumor tissue in animals treated with IL-17A was (843.6± 90.9) mm3 and in untreated animals was (198.7±24.4) mm3 (P＜0.01).The microvessel density in treated group and control group was 71.9± 6.8 and 33.3 ± 2.9,respectively (P＜0.01).Conclusions The expression of IL-17A could be detected in a considerable proportion of primary liver cancers and correlated with angiogenesis.Exogenous IL-17A could not accelerate H22 cell proliferation in vitro but in vivo probably via enhancing angiogenesis.

Objective To evaluate the application of the inlay butterfly cartilage graft technique in myringoplasty.Methods Thirty--eight ears in 38 patients (experiment group) with dry central drum perforations were treated with inlay butterfly cartilage myringoplasty,and 46 ears in 46 patients with underlay temporalis fascia myringoplasty (control group).Results After a mean follow-up of 6 months,the healing rate did not differ between two groups (92.1% in experiment group,91.3% in control group,P＞ 0.05).Average pure-tone hearing threshold improved than 10 dB and closure of the air-bone gap (ABG) within 10 dB were not different (P ＞ 0.05).The cured patients were followed up for 12-38 months,there was no ear perforation of drum in experiment group,but 4 ears in control group.Condusion Inlay butterfly cartilage myringoplasty is the reliable and ideal method for tzeating dry central drum pedoration with high success rate.

a greater impact,which could account for some pathophysiological changes caused by catch-up growth.

Aim To explore the effect and mechanism of resveratrol (Res) on proliferation and differentiation of murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.Methods 3T3-L1 preadipocytes were cultured and treated with resveratrol in different dosages.Cell proliferation was analyzed by WST-1 method. Oil red O staining method and spectrophotography were applied to analyze the degree of differentiation. Real-time PCR was applied to detect the mRNA expression of adiponectin and leptin. Western blot was applied to detect the expression of silent information regulator 1 (Sirt1),peroxisome proliferator activated receptor γ (PPARγ) and CCTTA enhancer binding proteinα (C/EBPα).Results Res inhibited proliferation of murine 3T3-L1 preadipocytes in a time-dose dependent manner.The expression levels of adiponectin and leptin mRNA were decreased, and Res also inhibited 3T3-L1 preadipocytes to differentiate into mature adipocytes. Res increased the expression levels of Sirt1 and decreased the expression levels of PPARγ and C/EBPα.Conclusions Resveratrol can inhibit the proliferation and differentiation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes.The underlying mechanisms may include enhancing expression of Sirt1 and inhibiting expression of PPARγ,C/EBPα which are related to cell differentiation.

Objective To investigate the current situation of the use of standard medical terminologies in journal, and analysis the reasons and then find the solutions.Methods Through searching the WANFANG database, we selected the nonstandard and standard terms of 100 common medical terminologies as Search Words, all the fields as Search Options to trace articles in periodicals from Jan.2011 to Dec.2013.After getting the top ten ranked words, the rate of use of the standard terms was analyzed.Results Some journals still use nonstandard terms, standard terms were mixed up with nonstandard terms in all of the 100 medical terminologies.Conclusions More attention should be paid to the use of the standard medical terms in periodicals to unify and standardize the use of medical terms.