Carbohydrate chip,a wonderful tool for studying the carbohydrate-protein interactions,is developing very fast in recent years and shows a bright future. The methods of fabrication of carbohydrate multi-arrays are systematically introduced,factors that influence the obtained chip's quality are analyzed in detail,and the general requirement of plate materials and immobilization methods for design of carbohydrate chip are discussed.

Objective To explore the clinical value of the disposable uterine cavity tissue suction tube in diagnosing abnormal u‐terine bleeding .Methods Seventy‐five patients ,who needed an endometrial biopsy because of abnormal uterine bleeding ,were se‐lected for this study .An endometrial biopsy was performed by a disposable uterine cavity tissue suction tube before the conventional suction dilatation and curettage (D&C) .The sample satisfactory rate and the diagnose accordance rate of the two methods were compared .Results The sample satisfactory rate of the disposable uterine cavity tissue suction tube and of the D&C was 85 .3%(64/75) and 94 .7% (71/75) respectively .The difference was not statistically significant(P>0 .05) .The diagnose accordance rate of the disposable uterine cavity tissue suction tube and the D&C was 90 .3% (56/62) and 93 .5% (58/62) respectively .The differ‐ence was not statistically significant(P>0 .05) .Conclusion To a certain extent ,endometrial biopsy performed by disposable uter‐ine cavity tissue suction tube can be a substitute for D&C as the initial inspection to assess abnormal uterine bleeding ,for its econo‐my ,efficiency and safety .

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the relationship between syndrome differentiation of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and characteristic changes of vascular endothelial function in patients with diabetic arterial occlusion (DAO) of lower extremities. METHODS: Forty patients with DAO were selected as trial group. Twenty patients among them were attributed to blood stasis syndrome (group A1), and the others were attributed to syndrome of pathogenic dampness-heat attacking the lower limb (group A2) according to syndrome differentiation type of TCM. Patients with diabetes (group B), arteriosclerosis obliterans (group C) and healthy people (group D) were observed as the control groups, respectively. There were 20 cases in each group. Endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) and endothelium-independent dilation (EID) were measured by high resolution ultrasound in the 100 subjects and the changes of vascular tension factors were also studied. RESULTS: The results showed that EDD in group A was reduced significantly as compared with that in the groups B, C and D. The levels of vascular contractile factors such as endothelin-1 (ET-1) and thromboxane B2 (TXB2) in group A were higher than those in the groups B, C and D, while the levels of vascular dilatory factors such as nitric oxide (NO) and 6-keto-prostaglandin F1alpha(6-Keto-PGF1alpha) were declined significantly as compared with those in the groups B and D. Linear correlation analysis showed that EDD was correlated positively with the levels of NO and 6-Keto-PGF1alpha, while the levels of ET-1 and TXB2 had negative correlation with EDD. EDD and EID in group A2 were declined significantly as compared with those in group A1. CONCLUSION: Our findings indicate that endothelial dysfunction may play an important role in the pathogenesis of DAO and may be associated with syndrome differentiation of TCM.

Objective To survey the status of the clinical competence and meta-cognitive ability of college nursing students, to explore the correlation between the two factors, and analyze the influencing factors of baccalaureate nursing students′ clinical skills, then explore the approach of improving the clinical competence of nursing students. Methods Totally 184 nursing students from Taishan Medical University were investigated by General Information Questionnaire, Clinical Competence Test Scale, University Students Meta Cognitive Ability Scale. Results Nursing students′ average score of meta cognition was 80.48 ± 11.97, the average score of clinical competence was 121.22 ± 22.74. The meta cognitive ability and clinical competence of nursing undergraduate students both maintained at the middle level. Meta cognitive ability was positively correlated with clinical competence. To some extent, enhancing the meta cognitive ability could help students improve the clinical competence. Conclusions To understand the status and correlation between meta cognitive ability and clinical competence can guide students to learn effectively, can help teachers play a good role in teaching effectively.

Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal ; therapeutic use ; Aspirin ; therapeutic use ; Coronary Vessels ; pathology ; Echocardiography, Doppler, Color ; Electrocardiography ; Erythema ; Fever ; Humans ; Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain ; complications ; Infant, Newborn ; Male ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; complications ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To studied perioperative changes in blood coagulation and the fibrinolytic system in patients undergoing acute aortic disec tion repair analyse the reason and outcome for these changes.Methods Between August 2011 and December 2011,30 patientsk[22 male and 8 female,mean aged (43.0±9.13) years] had undergone open repairs of aortic dissection or aneurysm with DHCA.Indications for surgical intervention were type A sortic dissection in 26 patients and aortic aneurysm in 4 patients.According to the time from clinical onset of the dissection to operation,acute group(less than 7 days,A group) 20 patients; chronic group (more than 30 days and aortic aneurysm,C group) 10 patients.Data were gathered for muhiple preoperative and intraoperative factors including age,sex,diagnosis,aortic dissection type,preoperative ejection fraction,aortic surgery history,surgical intervention type,cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) time,aortic cross-clamp time,blood transfusion volume (PRBC),mechanic ventilation time,ICU length of stay and hospital length of stay.Platelet (PLT),fibrin degredation product (FDP),D-dimmer,thrombin-antithrombin (TAT),and soluble fibrin monomer complex (SFMC) were assayed before and after operation,as well as 0 h,24 h,48 h,72 h.These valuables were recorded and compared statistically between two groups.Results Preoperative serum level and postoperative peak level of FDP and D-dimmer in group A were significant higher than in gnoup C (P ＜ 0.05)and postopertive serum peak level in group C were significant higher than preoperative level (P ＜ 0.05 ).Preoperative snd postoperative most hours there was significant intergroup difference on the serum levels of SFMC and TAT (P ＜ 0.05 ).Preoperative level of PLT in group A is lower than in group C significantly (P ＜ 0.05 ).The level of PLT in each hour after surgery were much lower than the level before surgery in both group (P ＜0.05 ).In addition,thromhus fonantion in ascending aortic falsc lumen in group A was much moee common than in group C (P ＜0.05 ).There was significant difference on incidence of postoperative complications between two groups (P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion Activation of coagulation and fibrinolysis which results from acute aortic dissection and surgical procedure was obscrved before and after surgery to treat acute aortic dissection.There is increasing risk for consumption coagulopathy and thromboembolism during perioperative period.

The aim of the present study, performed on two different groups of volunteers, is to characterize the pharmacokinetics of lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide combined tablet. After administration of high, medium and low doses of lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide combined tablets, AUC and C(max) of two compounds both increase significantly with increase of dose. Neither normalized AUC/Dose nor C(max)/Dose has significant difference between every two tested dose groups. The similar results can be observed as for the parameters of t(max). Lisinopril and hydrochlorothiazide are both eliminated with linear characteristics. After repeated administration of lisinopril/hydrochlorothiazide combined tablets, AUC, C(max) and C(min) of lisinopril in the steady state increase. AUC and C(min) increase significantly. As for hydrochlorothiazide, AUC, C(max), C(min), and t(max) also increase in steady state. AUC and C(min) increase significantly. Administered with the test medication, lisinopril has an fluctuation index (FI) value of 2.29 and reaches a relative steady concentration. But hydrochlorothiazide has an FI value of 4.09 with relatively large fluctuating concentrations.

This study was aimed to observe the protection ofZi-Bu Pi-Yin recipe (ZBPYR) on the cortex mitochondrial dysfunction of diabetes-associated cognitive dysfunction rats. SD rats were randomly divided into four groups, which were the control (Con) group, the diabetes (DM) group, the ZBPYR treatment (ZBPYR1) group and the ZBPYR protection (ZBPYR2) group. Morris water maze test was taken to evaluate the learning and memory ability of rats. The transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used to detect the ultrastructure and quantity changes of cortex mitochondria. Western blot was used to detect the expression of Cyto C. The results showed that compared to Con group, the learning and memory ability were decreased in the DM group (P < 0.05); the learning and memory ability of the ZBPYR1 group was improved compared to the DM group (P < 0.05); compared to the DM group, the ZBPYR2 group was significantly improved (P < 0.01). Compared with the Con group, the number of cortex mitochondria in DM group was decreased (P< 0.05), and the structure was disordered, blurred, or even completely destroyed. After ZBPYR intervention, these pathological changes were reduced obviously. And the number of mitochondria in the ZBPYR2 group was increased than that of the DM group (P < 0.05). The expression of Cyto C in cytoplasm of the DM group was significantly higher than that of the Con group (P < 0.01). After ZBPYR intervention, the expression of Cyto C was decreased. It was concluded that ZBPYR regulated the mitochondrial morphology and changes of volume in the cortex, prevented the releasing of Cyto C from mitochondria to cytoplasm, and improved the cognitive function of diabetes rats.

To explore the clinical classification of hamate hook fracture and the treatment strategy for different type of fractures, 12 patients who suffered from hamate hook fractures were followed up retrospectively. According to the fracture sites and the prognosis, we classified the hamate hook fractures into 3 types. Type I referred to an avulsion fracture at the tip of hamate hook, type II was a fracture in the middle part of hamate hook, and type III represented a fracture at the base of hamate hook. By the classification, in our series, only 1 fell into type I, 7 type II, and 4 type III. The results were evaluated with respect to the functional recovery, recovery time and the association among the clinical classification, pre-operative complications and treatment results. The average follow-up time of this group was 8.4±3.9 months. Two cases were found to have fracture non-union and both of them were type II fractures. Six patients had complications before operation. Five cases were type II fractures and 1 case type III fracture. All the patients were satisfied with the results at the time of the last follow-up. Their pain scale and grip strength improved significantly after treatment. All the pre-operative complications were relieved. The recovery time of hamate hook excision was significantly shorter than that of the other two treatments. The incidences of both pre-operative complications and non-union in type II fractures were higher than those in type I and type III fractures. It was concluded that, generally, the treatment effects with hamate hook fracture are quite good. The complication incidence and prognosis of the fracture are closely related to the clinical classification. Early intervention is critical for type II fractures.

The professional identity of medical postgraduates has great influence on their profes-sional learning, career development and realization of self-value. The effect factors of the professional iden-tity are as following:the conflict between personal needs and professional requirements, professional employ-ment prospect, the social recognition of medical profession and individuality. In this article, we suggest a feasible way to improve the professional identity for medical postgraduates by developing an interest in medical profession, optimizing specialty structure and improving personal comprehensive quality.