Objective To investigate whether the partially C-terminal deletion of NR2A subunit alters the surface expression and channel function of NMDA receptors in both HEK293 cells and cultured hippocampal neurons of rats. Methods Four plasmids for NR2A mutants with N-terminally GFP-tagged and C-terminal deletion NR2A?C1(?897L-1017S),NR2A?C2(?1024D-1142P),NR2A?C3(?1149D-1347G),and NR2A?C4(?1354S-1464V) were generated,and transfected into HEK293 cells and hippocampal neurons in culture.Surface staining was performed using anti-GFP antibody and Cy3 conjugated secondary antibody.Glutamate evoked currents were also detected using whole-cell recording. Results Positive surface staining was found for all the HEK293 cell co-transfected NR1-1a/NR2A?C1,NR1-1a/NR2A?C2,NR1-1a/NR2A?C3 or NR1-1a/NR2A?C4,and quantitative analysis showed no significant decrease in surface expression level when compared to that from NR1-1a/NR2A transfection.Glutamate-evoked currents were recorded in HEK293 cells co-transfected with NR1-1a/NR2A?C2 or NR1-1a/NR2A?C4.Surface expression level of NMDA receptor clusters on dendrites was significantly decreased in the neurons transfected with NR2A?C1,NR2A?C2 or NR2A?C3 than in those transfected with NR2A.Conclusion C-terminal deletion of NR2A subunit differentially effects surface expression of NMDA receptors in HEK293 cells and in hippocampal neurons in culture.

Objective To analyze the clinical characteristics of primary retroperitoneal tumors(PRPT) and to improve the diagnosis and treatment of these tumors.Methods The clinical characteristics, surgical treatment and prognosis in 352 cases of primary retroperitoneal tumors were retrospectively studied, and the factors affecting postoperative recurrence were also investigated. Results The most common clinical manifestations in 352 cases of PRPT included abdominal mass,abdominal pain,abdominal distention, and lumbar pain. The size of the majority of PRPTs was large, and pathological patterns of them were varied. Urinary system, digestive system and large vessels were often involved. The resection rate was 87.99%. Removal of the involving organs or vessels were often necessary to achieve a complete resection of the tumor. The nature of the tumor and completeness of tumor were the major risk factors for postoperative recurrence. Conclusion The clinical manifestations, pathological types, involved organs and surgical treatment are complicated in PRPTs. Complete resection is the only effective method for the treatment of PRPTs, and it is one of the major factors in reducing recurrence.

With the continuous development of imaging techniques,patients with congenital heart dis-ease,especially in complicated congenital cardiac malformations,have more choices for detection methods of ear-ly diagnosis. Nowadays,the widely used diagnostic imaging methods included echocardiography,CT,MRI,cardi-ac catheterization,and prenatal ultrasound examination. Clinicians should choose the appropriate means of ima-ging test depending on the situation. This article will focus on the clinical application of imaging diagnosis in complicateol congenital heart disease.

Objective To investigate the expression of heparanase in transitional cell carcinoma of bladder(TCCB) and its correlation with prognosis in bladder cancer.Methods The expression of heparanase protein and microvessel formation was assessed by immunohistochemical staining in 80 bladder cancer speci- mens resected at various stages of disease and 20 non-tumor bladder tissues (controls).Results The overall positive rate of heparanase in 80 cases of bladder carcinoma was57.5% (n=46),it was significantly higher than in non-tumor bladder tissues (P

It was difficult to prepare traditional Chinese medicine pellets due to the adverse characteristics of the herbal extract. In this study, Danshen extract (DS) powder mixed with different proportions of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC), lactose and starch were made into pellets by extrusion-spheronization. Particle size, span, bulk density, tapping density, compressibility, Hausner ratio and angle of repose were used to evaluate the micromeritic properties of mixing powders. Feret diameter, aspect ratio, yield, density and friability were used to evaluate the properties of the pellets. The correlations between micromeritic properties of raw material powders and the formability of their pellets were analyzed by cluster analysis, principal component analysis and partial least squares regression analysis. As a result, the particle size of the powders was negatively correlated with the size, density, yield, and was positively correlated with the friability of their pellets. The span, density, compressibility and angle of repose of the powders were positively correlated with the size, density, yield, and were negatively correlated with the friability of their pellets. So there were certain correlations between the micromeritic properties of raw material powders and the properties of their pellets prepared by extrusion-spheronization. This research provided a foundation for the technology and method of traditional Chinese medicine extract pellets.
Cellulose ; chemistry ; Drug Compounding ; methods ; Drug Implants ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Excipients ; chemistry ; Lactose ; chemistry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Particle Size ; Powders ; chemistry ; Starch ; chemistry

Objective To investigate the types and distributions of allergens, and the responsiveness to these allergens SIgE and tIgE as related to allergic disorders in patients with allergies in Guangdong. Methods Serum samples were obtained from patients with allergic disorders (n = 7 144) who visited our hospital between 2009 and 2014. The sera were subjected to analysis of 15 common allergens. Results The positive rates of sIgE and tIgE were 62.4%and 54.6%, respectively. Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus(Der p) had the highest prevalence of aeroallergen-specific IgE and milk the highest prevalence of food allergen-specific IgE. Other aeroallergens and food allergens produced mild responses except Der p and Der f. The sensitization peak of Der p and Der f appeared at the age of 10 to 12 years. The sensitization peak of milk appeared at the age of less than 3 years and that of eggs did at the aged of 4 to 6 years. The averaged tIgE positive rate went up with the increase in the number of allergen sensitization. Conclusion Der p, Der f, milk and eggs are major sensitizers responsible for common allergic disorders in Guangdong. Knowledge concerning allergen characteristics at various age groups may be helpful for early diagnosis and intervention for allergies.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic value of the low field MRCP in obstructive jaundice by comparing its result with that of US and CT. Methods 55 cases of obstruction jaundice patients proved by clinical diagnosis were studied and compared the collected original diagnosis results by low filde MRCP with US and CT.Results Of 55 cases of obstructive jaundice, 30 were cholelithiasis ,21 were tumors and 4 belonged to the other type. The accuracy of MRCP for defining the site of obstruction was 100%. The accuracy for identifying the cause of obstruction was 81.8%.Conclusion The low filde MRCP can accurately define the obstructive site in biliary obstructive disease .When used together with 2D single-shot breath-hold MRCP , T 2WI, T 1WI and 3D-FSE MRCP shows high accuracy and sensitivity in diagnosing obstructive jaundice.

Objective To investigate the role of molecular allergen diagnosis in respiratory allergic diseases, and measure the prevalence and the allergen molecular mapping of the asthma and allergic rhinitic patients.Methods Totally 80 cases of asthma or allergic rhinitis patients with two or more inhaled allergens from First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University during 2013 January to 2014 December were tested for serum specific immunoglobulin E ( sIgE ) against 112 allergen components by ImmunoCAP ISAC.Results About 78.8% ( 63/80 ) patients is three or more allergen components sensitization, the most prevalence allergen components were house dust mites′Der f 1 67.5%(54/80), Der f 2 66.2%(53/80), Der p 1 and Der p 2 were 63.8%(51/80) and 61.2%(49/80), Der p 10 was only 12.5%(10/80), follewed by Fel d 1 22.5%(18/80), Cyn d 1 16.2%(13/80), Phl p 4 15.0%(12/80), Pen m 1,Pla a 2,Jug r 2 and Can f 1were all 11.2%(9/80), Lep d 2, Blo t 5, Bla g 7 and Ani s 3 10.0%(8/80).Other allergen components positive rates were low.Conclusions Molecular allergen diagnosis can provide more comprehensive diagnostic information for allergic patients, by providing allergen map.Allergen microarray can discover the neglected allergens such as bermuda grass, timothy grass and plane tree pollen allergens in southen China.

Objective To analyze the serum inflammation related factors of influenza A ( induced by sub-type H1N1 virus) patients with epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome and warm-heat syndrome. Results Fifty-six patients confirmed as influenza A ( H1N1) were differentiated into epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome ( 36 cases) and epidemic febrile warm-heat syndrome (20 cases) . And then we observed the serum immune globulins IgM and IgG, interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-ɑ), tumor growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), lipolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels of the influenza A patients. Results Insignificant differences of serum IgM, IgG, IL-8, TNF-ɑand TGF-β1 levels were shown between epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome patients and epidemic febrile warm-heat syndrome patients (P>0.05), but the differences of LBP, TLR4 and sCD14 were significant (P<0.05) .Conclusion Influenza A (H1N1) patients with epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome have higher serum LBP, TLR4 and sCD14 levels than patients with epidemic febrile warm-heat syndrome, indicating that inflammatory reaction is severer in influenza A (H1N1) patients with epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome.

Objective To collect the information about types and clinically-used materials for the dentures, and evaluate the current conditions and characteristics of prosthodontic treatment in Shanghai. Methods Three municipal public hospitals and two private commercial dental labs in Shanghai were served as sample units. The application information on fixed partial dentures, removable partial dentures and complete dentures from January 2005 to December 2007 was collected. The number of dentures in each sample unit, the total proportion of each type of dentures, and the proportion of each type of dentures in public hospitals or private labs were retrospectively analysed. Results From 2005 to 2007, the number of dentures increased by approximately 20% annually. The number of dentures made in private labs increased by 43.58% in 2005 to 2006 and 23.23% in 2006 to 2007.As to the types of dentures, fixed partial dentures constituted the largest proportion (74.49%-76.19% for public hospitals and more than 80% for private labs), while complete dentures accounted for the smallest proportion (5.07% to6.24% for public hospitals and 1.02% to 1.38% for private labs) . Conclusion With an ever-growing awareness of oral health, prosthodontics has been developing rapidly in Shanghai. The rapid increase trend of private dental clinics is noticeable. Fixed partial dentures constitute the largest proportion, while the proportion of complete denture gradually decreases year by year.