Acetamides ; therapeutic use ; Aged ; Anti-Infective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Linezolid ; Male ; Oxazolidinones ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To evaluate the feasibility of the diagnosis of the early immunologic rejection after xeno-islet transplantation by MR imaging enhanced with superparamagnetic iron oxide(SPIO)marking CD4+T cell antibody.Methods Two thousand neonatal porcine islets(NPI)were transplanted under the left renal capsule of BALB/C nude mice.When the grafts could be observed bv MRI.107 human PBMC was intraperitoneal injected to nude mouse models to reconstitute the human immunologic system,20 mice were reconstituted.Before and 3,7,14 days after reconstitution of human immunologic system on BALB/C nude mice,MRI imaging Was performed half an hour after intravenous injection of nano-immunomagnetic beads via vena caudalis to observe the grafts'MRI signal.BALB/C nude mice were sacrificed after MRI scanning immediately,the histopathologic examination was assessed on grafts,the results were compared with MRI results.And calculate the sensitivity,specificity,Youden index number and coincidence of the MRI for immunologic rejection.Results Grafts can be observed bv MRI 3 weeks after islet cell transplantation (before immunologic rejection modeling),there is no abnormal MRI signal detected in nude mice'graft region after mierobeads injected.Seven days after building of immunologic rejection model,MRI hypo-signal in graft site is shown in the T2 WI sequence after nano-bioprober injected.Histopathologic assessments were employed on grafts in nude mice immediately(HE and immunohistochemistry staining),the results shown that there are a lot of T lymphocyts infiltrated in graft region.implying the occurrence of immunologic rejection.And the sensitivity,specificity,Youden index number and coincidence is:(72.96±0.24)%,100%,0.73±0.24,(88.46±0.13)%respectively.The correct Kappa between the MRI and the imunohistochemistry staining was 0.76.Conclusion The cellular immunological rejection to xeno-islet grarts can be assessed with nano-bioprobe with anti-CD4+ antibody MR imaging,real time,and noninvasively.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the enantioselectivity of norgestrel (NG) transdermal permeation and the potential influence of linalool and lipids on the enantioselectivity. In vitro skin permeation studies of NG across the excised rat skins were performed with Valia-Chien diffusion cells, and the permeation samples were analyzed by enantioselective HPLC. The possible enantioselective permeation of NG across intact rat back skin and lipids extracted rat back skin and the influence of linalool were evaluated. The skin permeation rate of dl-NG was two times higher than that of l-NG when donor solutions (EtOH/H2O 2 : 8, v/v) containing l-NG or dl-NG. It may be mainly attributed to the solubility discrepancy between enantiomer and racemate. The enantioselective permeation of dl-NG across intact rat skin was observed when the donor solutions containing dl-linalool. The permeation flux of l-NG was 22% higher than that of d-NG. But interestingly, the enantioselective permeation of dl-NG disappeared under the same experimental condition except that the lipid extracted rat skin was used. Attenuated total reflection-fourier transform infrared spectroscopy analysis of stratum corneum showed that the wave number for asymmetric CH2 stretching vibrations of lipids treated with dl-linalool was greater than that of the control. The results indicated that the enantioselective permeation of NG may be contributed by the interaction between dl-linalool and lipids. More than half of lipids were composed of ceramides. The stereospecific interaction maybe existed among chiral enhancer (linalool), lipids (ceramides) and/or chiral drugs (NG).
Administration, Cutaneous ; Animals ; Lipids ; pharmacology ; Monoterpenes ; pharmacology ; Norgestrel ; pharmacokinetics ; Rats ; Skin Absorption ; drug effects ; Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared ; Stereoisomerism

This study was performed to investigate the chemical constituents in the twigs and leaves of Harrisonia perforate. Six compounds were isolated from the 95% EtOH extract of the twigs and leaves of Harrisonia perforate by silica gel, ODS, Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies and preparative HPLC. On the basis of chemical properties and spectra data, these compounds were identified as harriperfin E (1), kihadanin A (2), kihadanin B (3), 6α-acetoxyobacunol acetate (4), gardaubryone C (5), and β-sitosterol methyl ether (6), respectively. Compound 1 is a new chromone, and compounds 2-6 are isolated from this plant for the first time.
Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Phytochemicals ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Plant Leaves ; chemistry ; Simaroubaceae ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo investigate the changes of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) and their association with insulin resistance in different stages of prostate cancer (PCa).

METHODSUsing flow cytometry, we counted the CD4+ CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells in the PBMCs of 62 PCa patients (5 cases of TNM stage I, 16 cases of stage II, 21 cases of stage III, and 20 cases of stage IV) and 42 normal healthy controls, and calculated their proportion in the CD4+ T-lymphocytes. We determined the levels of fast blood glucose (FBG) and fast insulin (FINS) for the insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), obtained the serum IGF-1 level by ELISA, and analyzed the relationship of the count and proportion of CD4+ CD25+ Foxp3+ regulatory T cells with insulin resistance by comparison between the PCa patients and normal healthy controls.

RESULTSCompared with the control group, the PCa patients showed significantly increased HOMA-IR (3.68 ± 1.42 vs 6.68 ± 1.66), decreased level of serum IGF-1 ([164.56 ± 30.58] vs [96.39 ± 21.21] ng/ml), and elevated count ([1.99 ± 0.78 ] x 10(7) vs [3.55 ± 0.29] x 10(7)) and proportion ([5.33 ± 0.65] vs [13.88 ± 0.96]%) of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 regulatory T cells in the PBMCs. The TNM stage was correlated positively with the count and percentage of CD4 + CD25+ Foxp3 + regulatory T cells and HOMA-IR, but negatively with the level of serum IGF-1. Meanwhile, the count and percentage of CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells were found to have a positive correlation with HOMA-IR (r = 0.722 and 0.689, P < 0.01) but a negative correlation with the level of serum IGF-1 (r = -0.747 and -0.896, P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONThe count and proportion of CD4+ CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells in the peripheral blood and insulin resistance increase with the elevated stage of PCa. CD4 + CD25 + Foxp3 + regulatory T cells may be involved in the occurrence and progression of PCa by regulating insulin resistance.

Aged ; CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; Case-Control Studies ; Disease Progression ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Hyperinsulinism ; Insulin ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Insulin-Like Growth Factor I ; metabolism ; Leukocytes, Mononuclear ; Lymphocyte Count ; Male ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; blood ; immunology ; pathology ; T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory

Objective To investigate children′s myelodysplastic hematopoietic cells reaction to interleukin (IL)-15.Methods CD 34 + cells in bone marrow from 18 myelodysplast syndrome(MDS) patients were purified by an immunomagnetic beads sorting system. Apoptosis of hematopoietic precursors was assayed by propidium iodine staining and flow cytometric analysis.Results On 8th cultured day,when IL-15 concentration was between 0-100 ng/ml,it could suppress apoptosis of hematopoietic cells in MDS patients in a dose-and- time dependent manner. IL-15 in study group significanthy lower than that of control group.Conclusion IL-15 may partly suppress apoptosis of hematopoietic cells in MDS patients.

Objective To evaluate the extra-anatomic bypass surgery for aorto-iliac occlusive disease in the elderly. Methods From January 2005 to December 2008,33 elderly patients/39 limbs (age ranged from 70 to 87 years, mean 76.0 ± 3.0 years) with aortoiliac occlusive disease were retrospectively analyzed. According to Fontaine classification, there were 5 phase Ⅱ b cases (7 limbs), 22 phase Ⅲ cases (26 limbs), and 6 phase Ⅳ cases (6 limbs), all cases were with TASC C, D lesions. Results These 33 cases/39 limbs were tr eated with a variety of bypass, including axillobifemoral bypass (6 cases/12 limbs) ,axillofemoral bypass ( 20 cases/20 limbs ), femorofemoral bypass ( 7 cases/7 limbs ). Intermittent claudication improved in 5 cases, rest pain disappeared in 22 cases, and ulcers healed in 6 cases after operations. The mean ABI increased from 0.29 ± 0.11 to 0.66 ± 0.13 ( t = 2.69, P ＜ 0.05 ). All limbs were salvaged and there was no perioperative mortality within 30 days after operations. Postoperative complication rate was 9.1%. Patients were followed up for a median of 12 ±5 months (range, 6 to 28 months), primary patency rate was 89.7% (35/39), secondary patency rate was 94.9% (37/39), limb salvage rate was 92.3% (36/39). After dischargement the mortality was 6.1% (2/33) with one dying of myocardial infarction and another one of malignant tumor (gastric cancer). Conclusions Extra-anatomic bypass for aorto-iliac occlusive disease in the elderly is feasible, safe and effective, and the cardiopulmonary dysfunctions are the major risk factors for perioperative complications.

Objective To discuss the strategies of prevention and treatment for complications of endovascular therapy in aortoiliac artery occlusive disease.Methods 220 cases who received endovascular interventions with aortoiliac artery occlusive disease were retrospectively reviewed from June 2012 to June 2014.Among these patients,189 cases were males.The age was between 46 to 85yrs and the average age was 64yrs.Results The overall technique success rate was 97.2％.Nine procedure-related major complications requiring additional endovascular or surgical treatment were encountered in 7 patients including 2 acute in-stent thrombosis,1 iliac artery rupture,1 distal embolism,and 5 puncture associated complications (2 acute artery thrombosis,1 arteriovenous fistula,1 hematoma,1 artery dissection).8 cases improved after second endovascular or remedial open surgery,among those 4 cases were managed by endovascular interventions including 2 catheter directed thrombolysis,1 cover-stent implantation and 1 balloon-based angioplasty,4 patients received open surgery including 3 thrombectomies,1 hematoma cleating.After 22 months follow-up,the primary patency,assistant-primary patency and secondary patency was respectively 90.8％,92.1％ and 99.2％.Conclusions More attentions should be paid to the complications of endovascular therapy in aortoiliac artery occlusive disease.Helpful to prevent these complications are a comprehensive evaluation of the lesions,and individualized surgical plan prior to the operations,and a careful intraoperative management.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the effect of the total saponin of Panax ginseng (TSPG) on gene expression profile of K562 cells using microarray technique.

METHODSThe total RNA were extracted and purified from K562 cells treated by 200 microg/ml TSPG for 3 days, and untreated K562 cells cultured in parallel served as the control. cRNAs were synthesized and labeled with Cy3 and Cy5 respectively. The labeled cRNA fragments were hybridized with Agilent human 1B 60 mer oligonucleotide microarray, which was then scanned to reveal the changes of gene expression profile in relation to TSPG treatment.

RESULTSTotally 362 differentially expressed genes were identified in TSPG-treated K562 cells, including 20 up-regulated ones (consisting of metabolism-associated genes, signal transduction-associated genes and cell receptor-associated genes etc) and 342 down-regulated ones (consisting of immunity and defense-associated genes, DNA-binding and transcription genes, metabolism-associated genes and cell cycle-associated genes etc). Changes in expressions of FOSL1, E2F2, CCNE2 and ODZ1 were confirmed by semi-quantitative RT-PCR.

CONCLUSIONSTSPG may induce changes in the gene expression profile in k562 cells possibly relevant to the anti-tumor mechanism of TSPG.

Gene Expression Profiling ; Humans ; K562 Cells ; Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis ; Panax ; chemistry ; Saponins ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore whether BzATP could promote the growth of primary cultured astrocytes (AS) of rat and its possible mechanism, and whether TGF-β1 was involved in the event.

METHODSThe primary cultured ASs were derived from new born Sprague-Dawley rats. Glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) immunofluorescent staining was used to check the purity of cultured AS. Morphometry was used to detect the changes of AS. The proliferation index of AS was detected by BrdU incorporation assay. Western blot was used to detect the changes of GFAP under different conditions. Changes of TGF-β1 gene transcription were detected by RT-PCR. ELISA was utilized to detect the variation of TGF-β1 protein in the supernate.

RESULTSThe purity of primary cultured AS reached 99%. BzATP promoted the hypertrophy of AS including the elongation of AS processes and the enlargement of cell bodies, BzATP also promoted the expression of GFAP in existence of Ca²⁺, but had no effect on cell proliferation. BzATP increased the transcription of TGF-β1 mRNA and the release of TGF-β1 protein in existence of Ca²⁺. TGF-β1 neutralizing antibody partially inhibited the expression of GFAP induced by BzATP, but had no effect on AS proliferation and cell morphology.

CONCLUSIONBzATP enhanced the hypertrophy of primary cultured AS, increased the expression of GFAP partially through TGF-β1. Mechanisms of the enhancement of AS growth induced by BzATP other than TGF-β1 pathway remain to be elucidated.