Cell-free protein synthesis (CFPS) systems based on crude cell extracts have been used in protein expression in vitro. With the researchers' endeavor for decades, the CFPS system has been developed as an important research tool in many frontiers of fundamental and applied biology because of its clear genetic background and simplicity to control the reaction. The yield of CFPS systems derived from prokaryote or eukaryote has increased to several grams per liter with constantly decreasing cost. Nowadays grams of protein could be prepared using a large-scale cell-free system. Recently, the advantages on the expression of complicated, toxic and membrane proteins have shown the great potential of the CFPS systems. The rapid progress of this technology made us to believe that it will take an important place in biopharmaceutical industries undoubtedly.
Bioengineering ; trends ; Cell-Free System ; Drug Industry ; trends ; Protein Biosynthesis

ObjectiveTo assess the diagnostic value of dual-energy dual-source CT in detecting the enhancement ofhepatocellularcancer( HCC )aftertransarterialchemoembolization( TACE )treatment.Methods Twenty-seven patients with HCC underwent dual-energy dual-source CT including nonenhanced,arterial,portal,and delayed phases scanning after TACE treatment.Arterial phases were acquired with the dual-energy mode for reconstruction of virtual nonenhanced images and color overlay images.DSAs were performed in all these patients.Two blinded and independent readers evaluated the data in 2 reading sessions:standard nonenhanced,arterial phase,portal phase,and delayed phase images were read in session A,and virtual nonenhanced,arterial phase,portal phase,and delayed phase images in session B.Sensitivity and specificity were calculated,with the DSA data set as the reference standard.The sensitivity and specificity were compared with Chi-square test.Results DSA revealed 63 lesions in 27 patients,and 39 of them had blood supply.Overall sensitivity and specificity were 74.4％ (29/39) and 83.3％ (20/24) for session A,and 94.9％ (37/39),95.8％ (23/24) for session B,respectively.The sensitivity of the two reading sessions was significantly different (x2 =6.303,P ＜ 0.05 ),while the specificity was insignificantly different ( x2 =2.009,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Compared with standard dynamic protocols,an arterial dual-energy dual-source CT scan with reconstruction of virtual nonenhanced and color overlay images enables detection of relapse and intrahepatic metastasis of HCC after TACE treatment with higher accuracy.

OBJECTIVETo study the therapeutic mechanism of Zhizhu Pill (ZP) for treating functional dyspepsia (FD) rats.

METHODSTotally 30 ten-day-old male rats were randomly divided into the normal control group (n =10) and the model group (n = 20). The FD rat model was induced using gastric administration of 0.1% iodoacetamide (IA) combined tail clamping. The model was evaluated when rats were 8-week old. Successfully modeled rats were randomly divided into the model group (n = 10) and the ZP group (n = 10). Rats in the normal group and the model group were administered with normal saline by gastrogavage, while those in the ZP group were administered with ZP Decoction (2 mL/100 g) by gastrogavage. All medication lasted for 7 successive days. The contractile activity in in vitro longitudinal gastric muscle was recorded using Power Lab biological signal collecting system. The expression of growth hormone secretagogue receptor (GHSR) in stomach of FD rats was detected using Western blot and immunohistochemistry (IHC).

RESULTSCompared with the normal group, average frequencies of gastric contraction and changing rates of amplitude obviously decreased in the model group (P < 0.05). Results of Western blot and IHC showed that the expression of GHSR decreased in the model group (P < 0.01). Compared with the model group, average frequencies of gastric contraction and changing rates of amplitude obviously increased in the ZP group (P < 0.05). Results of Western blot and IHC showed that the expression of GHSR increased in the ZP group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONZP could promote the gastric motility in FD rats induced by gastric administration of IA combined tail clamping, and its mechanism might be related to up-regulating GHSR protein level.

Animals ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Dyspepsia ; drug therapy ; Gastrointestinal Motility ; Male ; Muscle Contraction ; drug effects ; Muscle, Smooth ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Random Allocation ; Rats ; Receptors, Ghrelin ; metabolism

Adolescent ; Adult ; Astrocytoma ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Brain Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Child ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Microsurgery ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Thalamic Diseases ; diagnosis ; surgery ; Thalamus ; surgery ; Treatment Outcome

Objective To investigate the occurrence of regular and rare types of beta thalassemia in Guangxi,and to reduce the misdiagnosis and missed diagnosis.Methods Between Jan 2010 and Dec 2013,42 770 patients (20 740 males and 22 030 females,one month to fifty-four years old) from Maternal and Child Healthy Hospital of Guangxi,who were suspected with thalassemia were involved in this study.All these patients were went through the following screening tests:routine blood cell count,hemoglobin electrophoresis test,and serum iron and ferritin tests.Positive patients in the screening test would be taken gene diagnosis with regular reverse dot blot (RDB) method; negative patients in gene diagnosis but positive in the screening test would be under the test of beta globin gene sequencing.Results Totally 28 101 patients were confirmed with thalassemia from 42 770 suspected patients,including 10 891 patients with beta thalassemia,49 patients were homozygous,10 718 patients were heterozygote,and 124 patients were compound heterozygous.After beta globin gene sequencing test,14 regular mutations in people of south China and 7 rare types mutations were detected,the detection rate of rare type of beta thalassemia was 17.949％ (7/39).Conclusions Mutation spectrum of beta thalassemia in Guangxi is complex.Gene diagnosis of rare type thalassemia needs to be done in patients with phenotypes of thalassemia and negative of regular gene diagnosis,in order to reduce misdiagnosis,and improve accuracy of clinical diagnosis.

AIM: To investigate the incidence of trachoma in children aged 1 to 9y in Hainan Province and determine high-risk trachoma endemic and non-endemic areas in Hainan, and thus provide evidence for developing trachoma control and prevention therapy.METHODS:The areas of investigation were chosen on the basis of past literatures, expert interviews and survey on the spot.In 2013, Hainan Provincial Office of Blindness Prevention carried out the survey in 7 counties including Dongfang City, Wuzhishan City, Ledong County, Baisha County, Baoting County, Lingao County and Changjiang County.In these districts, 356 pupils including 192 boys and 164 girls were examined, their age ranging from 1 to 9 and their average age being 7 years old.The targeted students received the trachoma rapid assessment by the adoption of simplified trachoma classification system which was recommended by the World Health Organization.RESULTS: No case of active trachoma was found among the 356 students.CONCLUSION:The prevalence rate of trachoma in children under 9 years is less than 5% in Hainan Province.Active trachoma is not a public health issue in Hainan Province.

Objective To investigate the effect of valsartan (angiotensinⅡtypeⅠreceptor antagonists) on neointimal proliferation and expression of CD34 after angioplasty in rabbits.Method Twenty-four male New Zealand White rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:the control group,fed up with common diet;the model group and the valsartan group,fed up with hypercholesterolemic diet for 4 weeks,f then and ballon angioplasty.At 4 weeks after operation,the model group was fed up with common diet,whereas the valsartan group was fed up with the admixture of valsartan 10 mg?kg~(-1)?d~(-1) and common diet.All the rabbits were killed at the end of the 12th weeks.The abdominal aorta was performed with pathologic and morphologic analysis,and expression of CD34 in endothelial cells was analyzed with immunohistochemical method.Results Compared with the model group,the neointimal thickness and area of the valsartan group decreased by 56.58%and 66.81%, respectively.The expression of CD34 of the valsartan group was significantly higher (P

Objective To evaluate the safety and clinical efficacy of system thrombolysis combined with percutaneous catheter thrombus fragmentation and thrombectomy for acute massive pulmonary embolism. Methods Ninteen patients with acute massive pulmonary embolism were treated with IVC filter placement, percutaneous catheter thrombus fragmentation and system thrombolysis combined with anticoangulation using low-molecular-weight heparin.Four of 19 patients underwent adjuvant Stranb Rotarex catheter thrombectomy.Results Twenty-one procedures were performed in 19 patients.Improvement of pulmonary artery patency and initial relief of symptoms immediately occurred in 18 of 19 patients after interventional therapy.The oxygen saturation increased from 86% to 97%.Pulmonary artery pressure decreased from 33? 5mm Hg(1mm Hg=0.133kPa)to 25?5mmHg after interventional therapy(t=13.2,P

Objective To evaluate the effects of implementing the health education in the Central Fund Program to control endemic fluorosis in Guizhou.Methods The samples were randomly surveyed to evaluate knowledge awareness in students and households as well as the habit formation after implementing the integrated program which mainly consisted of installing the improved stoves,supported by the Central Funds and health education in 5 counties.Results After health education,the rates of knowledge awareness in the students and the households were 94.80%(15 562/16 415)and 88.23%(4482/5080),respectively,and increased significantly compared with those before intervention[44.20%(26 364/59 645),22.81%(3082/13 510)],the difference being significant(χ2=13 324.05,6546.24,P＜0.01).The rates of drying corn and chili with the coal fire were 5.61% (57/1016)and 5.41%(55/1016),respectively,and decreased significantly compared with those before intervention [77.41%(1076/1390),78.92%(1097/1390)],the difference being significant(χ2=1214.49,1270.92,P＜0.01).The rates of washing corn and chili were 99.51%(1011/1016)and 94.59%(961/1016),respectively,and increased significantly compared with those before intervention[84.60%(1176/1390),76.55%(1064/1390)],the difference being significant(χ2=154.80,143.32,P＜0.01).The rates of using the uncovered and unventilated iron stoves and table stoves were 4.71%(38/807)and 8.37%(60/717),respectively,and decreased significantly compared with those before intervention[29.99%(14 483/48 299),98.33%(95 070/96 685)],the difierence being significant(χ2=243.51,25 282.99,P＜0.01).Conclusions Implementing the health education is the basis for the integrated measures for controlling the endemic fluorosis in the endemic regions.The consciousness and activity of the target people have been enhanced greatly.The good behaviors in the target people are forming,the expected goal is reached.

Objective To explore the relationship between X - linked spondyloepiphyseal dysplasia tarda (SEDL) gene escaping X chromosome inactivation( XCI) and SEDL phenotype. Methods RT - PCR was performed on total RNA which was isolated from blood samples of patients, female carriers and controls. Patients and female carriers were selected from the pedigree with SEDL caused by the mutation (IVS2 - 2A→C) of the gene. cDNA was analyzed by polyacrylamide gelelectrophoresis(PAGE). Results PAGE data indicateed that female carriers expressed both normal and mutant SEDL mRNA,meaning the SEDL gene escaping XCI. Family investigation showed carrier females in the SEDL pedigree presented no symptoms. Conclusions The SEDL gene escaping X chromosome in-activation is firstly identified from human body. This may explain that carrier females present no symptoms.