Breast Neoplasms ; genetics ; Carcinoma ; genetics ; Female ; Gene Amplification ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; methods ; Receptor, ErbB-2 ; genetics

This article analyzed the types and causes of clinical research misconduct including the definition and background.We then set up the research management system to control and prevent such misconduct behavior.Our strategy includes using various technical tools to actively carry out clinical research integrity related education and training program,establishing integrated control model,and clinical research misconduct handling mechanism to jointly cope with the problems,to promote a good atmosphere for clinical research and to establish the integrity of the research.Our goal is to promote the medical technology development and to improve the patient care.

Objective To evaluate urinary nucleosides determination for the diagnosis of colorectal carcinoma. Methods The concentrations of 14 different urinary nucleosides from 42 colorectal carcinoma patients, 10 patients with villous adenoma and 62 normal adults were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC); Principal component analysis was applied to classify colorectal cancer patients and normal adults. Results The levels of Pseu、 C、 m1A、 mU、 m22G、 I、 m1G、 ac4C、 m6A in colorectal carcinoma group were (42.67?21.89)、(0.44?0.51)、(2.72?0.83)、(0.13?0.08)、(1.79?0.55)、(0.50?0.36)、(1.44?0.52)、(0.82?0.30)、(0.07?0.08)nmol/(?mol creatinine) respectively, which were much higher than those in normal adults (P

efore graft harvesting in living donor liver transplantation.

Objective To obtain the antigen and antibody of JC virus(JCV)VP2.Methods The JCV VP2 gene were amplified from a cerebrospinal fluid sample by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)and confirmed by sequencing.Then,the gene was cloned into plasmid pET32a(+)to construct recombinant prokaryotic expression vector pET-32a(+)-VP2.The recombinant plasmid was transformed into the competent E.coli BL21.Induced with isopropyl-β-D-1-1 thiogalactopyranoside (IPTG),E.coli BL21 were subsequently crushed by ultrasound.The gene expression in the supernatant was analyzed by Western blot.Thereafter,the expressed protein was purified by isoeleetric point method.The polyclonal antibody against JCV VP2 protein was obtained from the BALB/c mouse immunized with the purified protein.Results The VP2 fusion protein was expressed in the E.coli BL21.The recombinant fusion protein was expressed by IPTG induetion with relative molecular mass of 58.5×10~3.Sodium dodecyl sulphate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis(SDSPAGE)analysis showed that the expression level was highter after 6-10 h of IPTG induction.The recombinant protein had good antigenicity which was confirmed by BALB/c mice immunized with the protein.Conclusions The successful expression and purification of VP2 fusion protein and the antibody will be valuable for the study on the biological function of VP2 and JCV epidemiologieal investigation.

Objective To evaluate the value of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) in the diagnosis of ischemie-type biliary lesion (ITBL) after liver transplantation. Methods Twenty-five liver transplantation recipients suspected with biliary complications were examined using CEUS. Percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography or endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography confirmed the diagnosis. The enhancement patterns of the thickened hilum bile duct wall were observed. Results Enhancement patterns of bile duct wall could be divided into 3 sorts:① No-enhancement, six cases, showed no-enhancement all along. ②Hypo-enhancing level, four cases, presented hypo-enhancing at arterial phase and persistent hypo- or no-enhancing until late phase. ③Hyper-enhaneing level,fifteen cases,appeared as hyper- or iso-enhancing at arterial phase and persistent iso- or hypo-enhancing until late phase. The enhancement pattern of bile duct wall showed significant difference ( P = 0.00). Thirteen ITBL patients included 10 cases ( 76.9 % ) with no- or hypo-enhaneement, 3 patients (23.1 % ) with hyper-enhancement. However, all of 12 non-ITBL cases appeared hyper-enhancing. Conclusions CEUS provides a new and effective method to estimate the microcirculation of the bile duct wall. It may be help to early diagnosis of ITBL.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and outcome of laparoscopic cholecystectomy as a overnight procedure in China.Methods The data of 59 consecutive patients who had undergone outpatient laparoscopic cholecystectomy between Januaiy 2013 and January 2015.All the patients were operated in the morning hours and discharged during 24 hours after operation.They were contacted by telephone 3 days subsequent to surgery and were seen in the outpatient unit 7 days after.Results Fifty-nine laparoscopic cholecystectomies were performed.No Conversion to open surgery case.The average operation time was 25 minutes,and restore semi-liquid diet 6 hours after the operation All the 59 patients were discharged during 24 hours after operations.None of the patients had an emergency readmission.None of the patients had complications 7 days after discharged.The average payment was 8 240 yuan.Conclusion These results suggest that laparoscopic cholecystectomy can be routinely performed as a overnight procedure.

Objective To investigate the effect of sterol regulating element binding protein (SREBP1c) and its ac-tive form (SREBP1cm) on human protein kinase R-like endoplasmic reticulum kinase (PERK).Methods Re-porter victors of PERK promoter and its truncations were constructed with pGL 3-basic and co-transfected with internal reference pRL-SV40 into cell and luciferase activity was detected .pcDNA3.1 ( -)-SREBP1c or pcDNA3.1 ( -)-SREBP1cm was co-transfected with PERK promoter transcriptional activity core regions and the detection of dual -lu-ciferase reporter gene was used to analyze the regulation of SREBP 1c/1cm on PERK promoter transcriptional activity . The expression level of PERK mRNA and protein were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot .Results PERK pro-moter and truncations were successfully constructed into pGL 3-basic, and PERK promoter core area of transcription-al activity had determined;Dual-luciferase report gene showed that SREBP 1c inhibited PERK promoter transcrip-tional activity and SREBP1cm promoted PERK promoter transcriptional activity .RT-PCR and Western blot showed that SREBP1c decreased PERK mRNA and protein expression , but SREBP1cm increased PERK mRNA and protein expression, which was consistent with the detection of dual-luciferase report gene .Conclusions SREBP1c and SREBP1cm have a opposite regulation effect on PERK promoter transcriptional activity and its expression .

Objective To compare the safety and efficiency of laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) and totally extraperitoneal (TEP) procedure for herniorrhaphy. Methods Between Jan 1997 and Jan 2005, 235 patients (274 hernias) underwent laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair with 163 TAPP in 139 patients and 111 TEP procedures in 96 patients. Postoperative patients were followed-up for 6-24 months. Results No conversion was necessary. There were no significant differences between TAPP and TEP when considering operating time, postoperative hospital stay, VAS and time to return to daily activity. The recurrence rate was 1. 8% and 0. 9% respectively in TAPP and TEP( P = 0. 524). The total incidence of postoperative complications were 15. 3% and 10. 8% respectively ( P = 0. 282 ) , with seroma, transient neurapraxia and urinary retention being 5. 5% vs. 4. 5% ( P = 0. 707 ) , 5. 5% vs. 3. 6% ( P = 0.464) and 3. 1% vs. 2.7%(P = 1.000). The inhospital cost was significantly higher in TAPP than in TEP(P=0.000). Conclusion TAPP and TEP are both safe and efficient tension-free technique. Surgeons' experience was more important than choice of approach to laparoscopic repair for groin hernias.

ObjectiveTo evaluate intraoperative cholangiography (IOC) and laparoscopic ultrasonography (LUS) for detection of occult common bile duct stones (CBDS) during laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC). Methods From Jun. 2000 to Sep. 2001, 98 patients undergoing LUS and IOC during LC were analyzed prospectively.Results[The successful rate of LUS and IOC were 100% and 95% respectively, the time for LUS (7 7?2 1) min was significantly shorter than IOC (11 4?3 5) min ( P 0 05). The visualization of intrapancreatic portion of CBD by LUS was 62% vs 97% by IOC ( P