Objective To compare the contents of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid between Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma decoction pieces and its formula granules.Methods HPLC method was used with Waters Atlantis T3 column (4.6 mm × 150 mm, 3μm), flow rate of 0.8 mL/min, detection wavelength of 237 nm, and column temperature at 30℃. The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.1% phosphoric acid solution gradient elution system. The contents of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma decoction pieces and its formula granules were determined and compared.Results The contents of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid in formula granules were less than that in the decoction pieces of Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma, which was not in conformity with marked concentration multiple.Conclusion The contents of liquiritin and glycyrrhizic acid in formula granules is greatly different with Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma decoction pieces. The production process of the formula granules needs to be improved.

Objective To compare the contents of forsythoside A and forsythin in Fructus Forsythia and its dispensing granule. Methods HPLC-gradient elution method was used with SunFire C18 column (4.6 mm×250 mm, 5μm), mobile phase A of acetonitrile and B of acetic acid, flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, detection wavelength of 277 nm, and column temperature at 30 ℃. HPLC was used to determine the contents of forsythoside A and forsythin in Fructus Forsythia and its dispensing granule, and compare the difference between the two contents. Results The content of forsythoside A in dispensing granule was less than that of raw material of Fructus Forsythia, and the concentration of the major components in the commercial Lianqiao Granule were not equivalent to that in the decoction of Fructus Forsythia. The content of forsythin in dispensing granule was equivalent with that of raw material of Fructus Forsythia. Conclusion The original formula granule production process needs to be improved, and the standardized criteria for the quality control and reasonable quality standard of granule should be established.

Acetamides ; therapeutic use ; Aged ; Anti-Infective Agents ; therapeutic use ; Endocarditis, Subacute Bacterial ; drug therapy ; Humans ; Linezolid ; Male ; Oxazolidinones ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo investigate the causes and managements of postoperative neurological complications in pedicle screw internal fixation for the treatment of degenerative scoliosis (DS).

METHODSThe data of 325 patients with degenerative scoliosis underwent pedicle screw internal fixation was retrospectively analyzed from February 2000 to April 2013. There were 22 patients with postoperative neurological complications. Of them, 16 cases complicated with numbness or pain of lower limb and 6 cases with obvious sensation and motor function decreasing in lower limb. The patients were treated with trophic nerve, dehydration, glucocorticoids, reoperation according to the causes of disease. Postoperative at 3, 6 months and 1 year later, according to VAS scoring and muscule power improvement,the recovery of nerve injury was assessed.

RESULTSPostoperative at 3,6 months and 1 year later,VAS scoring of 16 patients with slightly nerve injury was 2.81 +/- 0.66, 1.94 +/- 0.77, 0.63 +/- 0.62, respectively, and the symptoms had obviously improved than 1 week after operation (P < 0.05). Postoperative at 3 months, among 6 patients with severe nerve injury,muscule power improved in 2 cases and no-improved in 4 cases, with VAS scoring of 4.83 +/- 1.17; postoperative at 6 months,muscule power still had not improved in 3 cases,with VAS scoring of 4.17 +/- 0.75; both of the VAS scoring had not significant difference than 1 week after operation (P > 0.05). One year later, there was no muscule power improvement in 2 cases,with VAS scoring of 3.00 +/- 1.26, there was significant difference than 1 week after operation (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONThe causes of postoperative neurological complication in internal fixation for the treatment of dengenerative scoliosis includes: dragging and torsion injury of spinal marrow and nerve root because of excessive orthopedic of scoliosis; inderect injury of nerve root because of malposition of pedicle screw; nerve functional impairment caused by spinal cord ischemia. Avoiding the above factors could decrease the complication and early discovery and treatment could decrease the adverse outcomes.

Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bone Nails ; adverse effects ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nervous System Diseases ; etiology ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Scoliosis ; diagnostic imaging ; surgery ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

Objective To investigate the anti-fatigue and anti-hypoxia effect of fermented Paecilomyces hepiali myceli-um (PHM) and to explore its mechanism.Methods Seventy-two naive Kunming male mice were randomly divided into Home, vehicle, modafinil( Mode) , low-dose PHM, moderate-dose PHM, and high-dose PHM groups.All mice were ad-ministrated with the drug or vehicle twice a day during a 14-day period.Except for the Home group, each groups was forced into the wheel fatigue device to receive a climb-run training at the time points of 40 min, 8 h, 24 h and 48 h, and to re-ceive an exhaustive training at the time point of 72 h after the last administration.The number of electric shocks was recor-ded during each training and the levels of muscle glycogen, liver glycogen, serum urea nitrogen, serum lactic acid, serum creatine kinase and blood ATP were detected after the exhaustive training using commercially available kits.In addition, 96 naive Kunming male mice were randomly and equally divided into the vehicle, low-dose, moderate-dose and high-dose PHM groups.Twelve mice in each group were chosen for the normal pressure anti-hypoxia experiment and the other 12 mice were used for the NaNO3 poisoning experiment.Results Compared with the vehicle groups, the PHM group showed a sig-nificant decrease in the number of electric shocks, improvement in biochemical parameters associated with fatigue, and an increased survival time in the anti-hypoxia and the NaNO3 toxicity tests.Conclusion PHM is potentially an effective alter-native for wild Cordyceps in the treatment of fatigue and hypoxia.

Objective To analyze the serum inflammation related factors of influenza A ( induced by sub-type H1N1 virus) patients with epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome and warm-heat syndrome. Results Fifty-six patients confirmed as influenza A ( H1N1) were differentiated into epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome ( 36 cases) and epidemic febrile warm-heat syndrome (20 cases) . And then we observed the serum immune globulins IgM and IgG, interleukin-8 (IL-8), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-ɑ), tumor growth factor beta 1 (TGF-β1), lipolysaccharide binding protein (LBP), Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) and soluble CD14 (sCD14) levels of the influenza A patients. Results Insignificant differences of serum IgM, IgG, IL-8, TNF-ɑand TGF-β1 levels were shown between epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome patients and epidemic febrile warm-heat syndrome patients (P>0.05), but the differences of LBP, TLR4 and sCD14 were significant (P<0.05) .Conclusion Influenza A (H1N1) patients with epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome have higher serum LBP, TLR4 and sCD14 levels than patients with epidemic febrile warm-heat syndrome, indicating that inflammatory reaction is severer in influenza A (H1N1) patients with epidemic febrile damp-heat syndrome.

Child ; Female ; Humans ; Lymphoma, Extranodal NK-T-Cell

Objective To study the feasibility of using gooseneck snare combined with 0.035 inch loach guidewire for subintimal angioplasty in iliac artery occlusion , and to discuss its clinical indications. Methods During the period from October 2011 to May 2013, 3 cases with unilateral complete iliac artery occlusion were admitted to authors’ hospital. As the guidewire inserted from the healthy side could not returned into the true lumen once it entered into the subintimal space of the iliac artery , the puncture at the diseased side was carried out and the guidewire was pushed into the artery , but the catheter and the guidewire could not converge or anastomose in the subintimal site , gooseneck snare had to be used to grab the guidewire in subintimal site as to establish a path and completed the angioplasty. Results Successful and safe balloon dilatation and stent implantation were accomplished in all the 3 patients , and the patients complained of no special discomfort. Conclusion In performing the subintimal angioplasty for patients with iliac artery occlusion, the use of gooseneck snare combined with retrograde insertion of guidewire should be considered when it occurs that the guidewire can not return into the true lumen after it enters into the subintimal space. Nevertheless, gentle manipulation is first important in order to avoid the possible rupture of vessels.

Objective To investigate the relationship between blood pressure(BP) and prognosis in three different ischemic stroke subtypes.Methods The consecutive patients with a brain infarction proven on diffusion-weighted MRI who were hospitalized within 48 hours after stroke onset between April 2007 and April 2008 were registered.All subjects with acute ischemic stroke consecutively admitted to the neurological wards of the First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical College,were registered in the Wenzhou Stroke Registry Program.Data were collected and coded at primary registration.The BP levels were studied during the initial 7 hospital days.Survival and dependency were assessed at 3 months.Outcomes were adjusted age,consciousness level,admission NIHSS score,the decline level of systolic BP,the decline level of diastolic BP,complication and so on. Logistic regression model was used to estimate the relationship between BP and prognosis.Results A U-shaped effect was observed in each subgroup between BP and prognosis.In the subgroups of atherothrombosis,cardioembolism and small artery disease,those who had a BP of 150/95 mm Hg(1 mm Hg=0.133 kPa)on admission,140/90 mm Hg on day 1-7 would have a better prognosis.In the subgroups of atherothrombosis and cardioembolism,the decrease of BP during the first 24 hours was the independent predictor of the death and disability at 3-month.In the atherothrombosis group,when the decrease of systolic BP during the first 24 hours was greater than 20 mm Hg,the risk of the death and disability at 3-month increased 4.44 times(OR 4.44,95%CI 1.70-11.59,P=0.002).In the atherothrombosis group,when the decrease of diastolic BP during the first 24 hours was greater than 10 mm Hg,the risk of the death/disability at 3-month increased 3.70 times(OR 3.70,95%CI 1.54-8.90.P=0.00).In the cardioembolism group,the risk increased respectively 7.98 times(OR 7.98,95%CI 1.34-47.66.P=0.026)and 6.68 times(OR 6.68.95%CI 1.55-28.79,P=0.01).In the subgroups of small artery disease,the decrease of BP during the first 24 hours was not the independent predictor of the death and disability at 3-month.Conclusions A U-shaped effect is observed in each subgroup between BP and prognosis.In the subgroups of atherothrombosis and cardioembolism,the decrease of BP during the first 24 hours is the independent predictor of the death and disability at 3-month.

OBJECTIVETo study the influence of different drying methods on the quality of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus and thus provide useful reference for its proper drying methods.

METHODSchisandrae Chinensis Fructus was processed by eight drying methods including vacuum freeze drying, natural drying in the shade, drying in the sun, oven drying and vacuum drying under different temperature. The contents of the functional ingredients includes chisandrin, gomisin D, gomisin J, schisandrol B, angeloylgomisin H, angeloylgomisin Q, gomisin G, schisantherin A, deoxyschisandrin, schisandrin B, schisandrin C, 5-HMF, total aids and total sugars. The main components change after drying were analyzed by HPLC, ultraviolet spectrophotometry and potentiometric titration. Principal component analysis (PCA) was carried out by SPSS software to evaluate the quality of different processed products from Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus.

RESULTAll these results are in accordance with the requirements of Chinese Pharmacopoeia published in 2010, the contents of schisandrin and total eleven lignans were the highest using vacuum drying, and 5-HMF were the lower, oven drying made little difference but with lower schisandrin and higher 5-HMF as the heat increased.

CONCLUSIONDifferent drying methods have significant influence on the quality of Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus. Oven drying under 5°C should be adopted to substitute drying in the sun according to the China Pharmacopoeia published in 2010 for Schisandrae Chinensis Fructus by comprehensive analysis of the cost, content and practicality.

Desiccation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Quality Control ; Schisandra ; chemistry ; Temperature