Objective: To investigate the cephalometric parameters related with anterior overbite. Methods: 144 patients with malocclusion in permanent dentition (74 skeletal Class I and 70 skeletal Class II) were recruited into the study. Cephalometric analysis was performed from pre-orthodontic lateral headfilm in natural head position. Both linear correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis were respectively performed in the two groups. Results: In the stepwise regression equation of Class I group, the larger the overjet, posterior facial height and upper incisor height, or the smaller the lower facial height and lower molar height, the deeper the anterior overbite was. In the 70 Class II, the larger the overjet, interincisal angle and inclination of lower incisors, or the smaller the mandibular angle and upper molar height, the deeper the anterior overbite was. The equations could explain 75.8% and 62.3% overbite variations, respectively. Of all the parameters, overjet took the most important part in maintaining a normal and stable anterior overbite. Conclusion: Those cephalometric parameters correlated with anterior overbite can be both dental and skeletal. They may compensate each other to maintain stable anterior overbite. Of them, anterior overjet may be the main factor.

Objective To explore the methods to reduce the occlusion of perforating arteries after intracranial stenting of the vertebral artery. Methods Clinical data of 32 cases of Gateway-Wingspan stent implantation for intracranial branch of vertebral artery were retrospectively analyzed. The postoperative stricture and perfusion improvement situation were evaluated, the reason of perforating artery occlusion was analyzed. Results Thirty-two patients were implanted with 33 pieces of Wingspan stent and 1 piece of Apollo bracket. The operation success rate were 100%, and the stenosis rate reduced from (76.6±6.1)%to (27.9±5.2)%. After three months, the transcranial doppler sonography (TCD) and CT angiography were checked, showing no in-stent restenosis in all patients. Two patients occurred the perforating artery occlusion within 24 hours after operation. The possible reason was the change of stability of atherosclerotic plaque at the stenosis and the plaque displacement caused by the mechanical action of the balloon or stent, which may lead to medulla oblongata artery block. After drug and rehabilitation treatment, the symptoms in patients were improved significantly. Conclusion The perforating artery occlusion after stent implantation in intracranial branch of vertebral artery can be prevented by strict evaluation and preoperative preparation, the right selection of intraoperative balloon and stent, which still needs larger sample data to prove.

Objective To investigate the relationship between the type of gliding contusion and its mechanism with site of force.Methods The site undergoing contusion and ways of force are respectively determined by skull anatomy location and details of these cases.Then,the 132 specimens of brain,which have been fixed by formalin,are sliced in coronal section and sagittal section and stained with HE,observed under microscope.ResultsGliding brain contusion could appeared at the top and bottom region of brain respectively.Top-injury type,were observed in 65 cases(49.24%),base-injury type,were found in 38 cases(28.78%).There were 29 cases(21.96%) in which contusion could be found at both top and base of brain,we called mixed type.We found that the injury area depend on the ways of force-act:the top-injury type mostly caused by the force on cupular part of pars zygomatica in acceleration,the base-injury type mainly caused by the force on occipitalia in deceleration and the mixed type caused by the force on the boundry of the calvaria and occipital in deceleration.Conclusion The type of gliding contusion is relevant with mechanism and site of force.

To study the function and mechanism of the NgR-Rhoa- Rock signal pathways which exists in the retinal ganglion cells apoptosis in diabetes mellitus (DM) rats.
● METHODS: Some healthy SD rats were operated by means of single intraperitoneal injection of 1%streptozotocin based on the standard of 50mg/ kg wight, after that the blood sugar value was greater than 16. 7mmol/ L as DM model, then randomly divided into 3 groups, each group was 10 rats. ln addition to take 10 healthy SD rats as control group. Four groups of rats were bilaterally eyeball intravitreal injection in turn with NgR-siRNA virus 10μ L (siRNA group), NgR-siRNA virus diluted 10μ L ( DM group), NgR - siRNA virus - negative -control solution 10μ L (siRNA blank group), NgR- siRNA virus diluted 10μ L ( normal control group ), and fed normally. During that time, some life indexes like blood glucose, body mass, etc. were measured and recorded. After 12wk, the expression of NgR and Rhoa, HE staining, and TUNNEL staining were detected by Western blot analysis.
● RESULTS: Western blot analysis: compared with normal control group, the expression of NgR and Rhoa in DM group and siRNA blank group increased significantly (P<0. 01), while siRNA group was no significant change (P > 0. 05); compared with DM group and siRNA blank group, the expression of those proteins significantly lowered in siRNA group. HE staining: compared with normal control group, some extent ganglion cells arranged disorder, irregular shape, spacing not consistent were all found in three groups of model rats;compared with DM group and siRNA blank group, there was some improvement in siRNA group of ganglion cells about the order and shape size. TUNEL staining:compared with normal control group, there were retinal ganglion cells apoptosis in all of three groups of model rats. Compared with DM group and siRNA blank group, the number of retinal ganglion cells apoptotic cells was less, and the shape of cells had improved significantly in siRNA group.
●CONCLUSlON: ln the DM phase, the expression of NgR and Rhoa were up - regulation, the condition of diabetic retinal ganglion cell apoptosis was improved after that the NgR-Rhoa-Rock signal pathways had been inhibited.

Oridonin is ent-kaurane diterpenoid and is one of the efficacious component of Rabdosia Rubesecens ( Hemel. ) Hara in Henan province. In this experiment, the effects of Oridonin on hemody-namics of anaesthetized rabbits were studied. Hemodynamics effects of Oridonin (3.0 mg, 10.0mg/kg iv)were noticed. LVSP, ?dP/dt_max, Vpm, Lo, HR, SBP, DBF were decreased. t-dP/dt_max was increased. LVEDP did not changed. Oridonin decreased DBP more than SBP, it is suggested that Oridonin. may reduce vascular smooth muscle tone.

Objective To develop a simple and quick method for detection of stress-induced 5′transfer RNA( tRNA) halves.Methods Total RNA purified from stress induced cells was polyadenylated by poly( A) polymerase, and then degen-erate DNA probes were used to hybridize with 3′tRNA-halves of intact tRNAs,while RNase H specifically degraded the 3′tRNA-halves strand in tRNA-DNA probes hybrids.Using the RNase H digestion total RNA as templates, complementary DNA( cDNA) was synthesized by oligo ( dT) n-anchored primers.The primer of 5′tRNA halves and anchored-primer were used to amplify 5′tRNA halves by PCR.Results The results showed that the method of poly ( A )-tailed-RNase H digestion-RT-PCR could be successfully used to detect stress-induced 5′tRNA halves.Conclusion A simple and quick method for detection of 5′tRNA halves has been established,which is a user-friendly tool for 5′tRNA halves detection and function research.

BACKGROUND: At present, there is little related report about producing a whole-kidney acellular matrix (ACM) scaffold in rats using perfusion. The cellular biocompatibility of the ACM is poorly understood. OBJECTIVE: To produce a whole-kidney ACM scaffold in rats by perfusion, to evaluate the cytocompatibility of ACM with the L929 cells in vitro, and to assess the possibility of ACM as the cytoskeleton and tissue-engineered urinary organ construction. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: An in vitro observation was performed at the Central Laboratory of Zhujiang Hospital, Southern Medical University from February to May 2009. MATERIALS: Kidneys were obtained from 12-week-old Whista rats, while ureter, renal veins and renal artery were reserved. Intravenous catheters were inserted through renal arteries to establish channels for perfusion. Whole-kidney retrograde perfusion was performed with successively heparinized PBS, 1% SDS, deionized water, 1% TritonX-100 and antibiotic-containing PBS under a pressure of 9.81 kPa to prepare whole-kindney acellular matrix scaffolds. METHODS: ① Samples were randomly divided into blank group (without any cells), negative control group (culture media), experimental group (rat kidney ACM leaching liquor), and positive control group (culture media containing 0.64% phenol). L929 cells in the logarithmic phase were seeded in 96-well plates at the density of 4×10~3/well, with 5 wells in each group. At 24, 72, and 120 hours after incubation, cells were stained with MTT method to detect absorbance at 490 nm and calculate relative growth rate. ② Control group (culture medium), experimental group (rat kidney ACM leaching liquor), and positive control group (culture media containing 0.64% phenol) were set up to detect cell apoptosis at 48 hours after culture using flow cytometry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Microstructure of the scaffold, cytotoxicity and cell apoptotic rate. RESULTS: After SDS and TritonX-100 union processing, reticulate structures made of basilar membrane and collagen were shown under scanning electron microscope rather than normal structures of cells. At every time intervals (24, 72, and 120 hours), there was no significant difference in the absorbance between experimental group and negative control group (P > 0.05). The grade of the cytotoxicity of the ACM was .0-1. There was no significant difference in cell apoptotic rate between experimental group and negative control group (P > 0.05). CONCLUSION: The whole-kidney acellular matrix scaffolds in rat by perfusion have good biocompatibility.

The article discusses a number of important marketing ideas which should be clarified and fully understood in strengthening the follow-up management of patients,including understanding of the meaning of customers,the formation of the concept of market and the evolution of marketing.The adoption of patient follow-up management could delivered value to customers and promote their satisfaction.In the end,the article proposes that a long-term marketing mechanism of patient follow-up services should be established in order to achieve the a better development of hospitals.

, which will provide enough seed cells for peripheral nerve tissus engineering research.

Objective To compare the number of DARPP-32 positive cells yield in the grafts based on the application of single cell suspension by neural micro-transplantation technique and by traditional cell delivery technique and to explore effects and mechanisms of different approaches.Methods Cells derived from the whole ganglionic eminence of E15 rat embryos,ubiquitously expressing Green Fluorescent Protein(GFP) were implanted into unilaterally QA-lesioned rat striatum in a single-tract with an ultra-thin glass capillary with an outer diameter of 50 μm or using traditional cannula tip with a diameter of 500 μm.Results Histological assessment at 4 months after transplantation showed that there was about two-fold DARRP-32 positive striatal-like neurons in the micro-transplantation group(TT group) than that in the traditional group(MT group).Total graft volume was similar in both groups[(2.8±0.2) mm3 vs(2.5±0.4)mm3,F =0.25,P ＞ 0.05].And DARRP-32positive plaque volume[(0.6±0.1) mm3 vs(0.6±0.2) mm3,F =0.90,P ＞ 0.05]and TH staining plaque volume[(1.0±0.1) mm3 vs(0.7±0.1)mm3,F =1.44,P ＞ 0.05]also had the same performance in both groups.Number of DARRP-32 positive cells was calculated by Abercrombie correction formula,and the result showed that the number of DARRP-32 positive cells in MT group was two-fold of that in TT group[(20.1 ×103±1.2 × 103) vs(9.8 × 103±3.2 × 103),F =8.62,P ＜ 0.05].Higher DARRP-32 positive cells in MT group indicated that grafts had a better condition of growth and development.Conclusion Micro-transplantation approach can increase the number of new born striatal-like neurons,potentially due to the enlargement of the graft-host border area intensifying the graft's exposure to host derived factors and the minimized mechanical injury.