AIM:To investigate the protective effect of nerve growth factor combined with Ginkgo biloba extract on retinal ischemia-reperfusion (RIR) injury in rabbits with experimental high intraocular pressure.METHODS:Establishment of rabbit glaucoma ischemia reperfusion model.Twenty-four New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into three groups:nerve growth factor group, Ginkgo biloba extract group and combination group.Respectively, in the continuous administration of 1, 7, 14d.We observed the morphological changes of the tissues of the retina.The levels of superoxide dismutase(SOD), nitric oxide(NO) and malondialdehyde(MDA) in retinal tissue were measured.RESULTS:Respectively, first, in the continuous administration of 1, 7, 14d, the contents of MDA and NO in Ginkgo biloba extract group and nerve growth group were higher than that in combination group (P<0.05).Secondly, the SOD content of Ginkgo biloba extract group and nerve growth group were lower than that of combination group at each time point (P<0.05).At each time point, the number of HE staining of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) showed that the loss of RGCs in the combination group was significantly lower than that in the other groups, and the ganglion cell count showed that the Ginkgo biloba extract group and the neuronal growth group were lower (P<0.05).CONCLUSION:Nerve growth factor combined with Ginkgo biloba extract has better protective effect on retinal ischemia-reperfusion injury.The mechanism may be related to the decrease of free radicals and increase the activity of SOD in retinal tissue.

Hepatitis B ; immunology ; prevention & control ; Hepatitis B Vaccines ; immunology ; Humans ; Immunization Schedule ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Synthetic ; immunology

Objective:To construct the lentiviral-vector encoding human interleukin-10 protein(LV-hIL-10) and to observe the effect of LV-hIL-10 on controlling neuropathic pain via intrathecal administration in CCI rats. Methods:hIL-10 gene fragment was isolated and amplified from pCYIL-10 plasmid by PCR, and was cloned into pWPXL. The recombinant plasmid pWPXL-IL-10,envelope plasmid pMD2.G and packaging plasmid psPAX2 were cotransfected into 293T cells, LV-hIL-10 is prepared by concentrating the collected supernatant .At the same time, the empty plasmid pWPXL-GFP,pMD2.G and psPAX2 were cotransfected into 293T cells, LV-GFP is prepared for contrast.135 sheer breed pathogen-free adult male Sprague-Dawley rats divided into 9 arrays at random: CCI models 4 arrays (C0,C1,C2,C3), sham operatived rats 4 arrays (S0,S1,S2,S3) and a normal contrast array (N), each respectively intrathecal injection LV-hIL-10 (C1,S1)、LV-GFP (C2, S2),isotonic Nachloride (C3,S3) and control (no implanted catheters and no administration, C0,S0), the pain threshold of each array and the expression of mRNA and protein of IL-10 in spinal cord,pallium and hippocampus on different time were observed after intrathecal administration LV-hIL-10 in successful CCI model rats . Results:The hIL-10 gene fragment was obtained from pCYIL-10 plasmid, pWPXL-hIL-10 was recombinated successfully. the cloned gene segment was validated by DNA sequencing .High titer(2?1010)and highly purified LV-hIL-10 particles were obtained by three plasmids were cotransfected into 293T cells. The mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia were alleviated via intrathecal injection LV-hIL-10 in CCI rats. The overexpression of IL-10 were detected in spinal cord,pallium and hippocampus , especially in the spinal cord .Conclusions:The mechanical allodynia and thermal hyperalgesia can be relieved by intrathecal injection LV-hIL-10 in CCI rats.

12E7 Antigen ; Adult ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Chondrosarcoma, Mesenchymal ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Hemangiopericytoma ; pathology ; Humans ; Lymphoma ; pathology ; Male ; Nasal Cavity ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive ; pathology ; Nose Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; surgery ; Vimentin ; metabolism ; Young Adult

Objective To study the influence of early dynamization of interlocking intramedullary nail on the treatment effect of the patients with lower limb fracture .Methods 62 patients with lower limb fracture treated with interlocking intramedullary nail in our hospital from June 2010 to March 2012 were selected as the research subjects and divided into the control group and the obser-vation group with 31 cases in each group according to random number table .The control group was treated with routine treatment method ,while the observation group was treated with early dynamization .Then the Johner-Wruch score ,healing time ,rate of ad-verse fracture healing ,incidence rate of complications and fracture healing related factors before and after the treatment were ana-lyzed and compared .Results The Johner-Wruch score excellent and good rate of the observation group was higher than that of the control group ,the healing time was shorter than that of the control group ,the rate of adverse fracture healing and the incidence rate of complications were lower than those of the control group ,the fracture healing related factors after treatment were all better than those of the control group ,the differences had statistical significance (all P<0 .05) .Conclusion The early dynamization of interloc-king intramedullary nail has the better effect for treating lower limb fracture and its influence on the fracture healing related factors is better too .

Objective To observe the of changes of cerebral blood flow and electroencephalography in chronic cerebral circulation insufficiency (CCCI) treated with fastigial nucleus stimulation (FNS) and hyperbaric oxygen (HBO). Methods 144 cases of CCCI were divided into 4 groups: 36 cases were treated with FNS and HBO, 36 cases with FNS, 36 cases with HBO, 36 cases without any treatment as control group. The blood velocity of anterior, middle, posterior cerebral arteries, vertebral artery and basilar artery were measured with transcranial Doppler (TCD) and the brain waves （α, β, δ, θ） were recorded with electroencephalography (EEG) before and after the treatment. Results Compared with the control, the brain blood velocity and α wave increased in all the treatment groups, especially in the HBO+FNS group, while β, δ, θ waves decreased (P<0.05). Conclusion FNS and HBO can increase cerebral blood flow and improve the cerebral function respectively.

Objective To evaluate the management and survival of lymph node region recurrence of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC),and discuss its suitable therapeutic strategy.Methods Thirty-eight patients with the recurrence of lymph node region were extracted from 1945 patients who were diagnosed EOC and treated in Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center from January 1995 to December 2008.The clinical characteristics,therapy methods and survival of them were retrospectively analyzed.Patient age at initial diagnosis was ＞ 50 years old in 24 patients and ≤50 years old in 14 patients.There were 15 cases with stage Ⅱ and 23 cases with stage Ⅲ in terms of initial International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO,1987) staging.Classified with histological grade,7 cases were in G1,14 cases were in G2,17 cases were in G3 ;according to the histological types,19 cases were with serous adenocarcinomas,and 19 cases were with non-serous adenocarcinomas (including 9 endometrioid adenocarcinoma,1 mucinous adenocarcinoma and 9 unclassified adenocarcinoma).The median follow-up time was 59 months (ranged 16 to 124 months).Results (1) Feature of recurrences:the median interval of last treatment to recurrence was 18 months (range 9 to 96 months).Most of them were absence of symptoms.The serum level of CA125 was elevated in 15 patients(39％,15/38).(2) Treatment of recurrences:of the 38 patients,19 underwent lymphadnectomy for recurrence regions and received adjuvant chemotherapy (surgery + chemotherapy group),14 received local radiotherapy and adjuvant chemotherapy (radiotherapy + chemotherapy group),5 received chemoherapy only (chemotherapy group).There were 35 cases achieved complete response (CR),including 19 patients underwent secondary debulking surgery in surgery + chemotherapy group,14 cases in radiotherapy + chemotherapy group (12 of them treated by radiotherapy,the other 2 cases reached CR after adjuvant chemotherapy) and 2 cases in chemotherapy group.While only 3 patients reached partial response in chemotherapy group.(3) Survival and second recurrences:during follow-up,14 cases died of tumor,4 cases survival with tumor while 20 cases survival without evidence of tumor.The 5-year post-recurrence survival rate of 38 cases was 66.5％,with 71.8％,68.8％ and 40.0％ in surgery +chemotherapy,radiotherapy + chemotherapy,and chemotherapy group,respectively,and there was no significant difference in survival rate between them (P ＞ 0.05).A total of 15 patients experienced second recurrences,including 7 cases with peritoneal and 8 cases with lymph node region recurrences.(4) Prognosis factors:the univariate analysis shown that survival after recurrence was significantly related to patient age,tumor-free interval and number of recurrence disease (P ＜ 0.05),while not to FIGO stage,histological type,histological grade,and lymphadnectomy during primary surgery (P ＞ 0.05).The multivariate analysis showed that patient age and tumor-free interval were independent prognostic variables for survival after recurrence (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions The lymph node region recurrence of EOC may be have good prognosis and distinctive clinical process.Local treatment strategies including secondary surgery and radiotherapy should be considered,which may significantly improve survival in ovarian cancer patients with lymph node region recurrence.

Objective To analyze reasons of open operation after percutaneous vertebroplasty.Methods From January 2008 to January 2012,516 patients (587 vertebrae) underwent percutaneous vertebroplasty in our hospital.Among them,13 patients occurred serious complications after operation:9 cases of spinal cord injury and 4 cases of nerve root injury.There were 5 males and 9 females,aged from 53 to 72 years (average,64.5 years).There were 10 cases of osteoporotic fracture,2 cases of vertebral metastases and 1 case of vertebral hemangioma.The lesion segments were as follows:T7 in 1 case,T8 in 1 case,T9 in 2 cases,T10 in 1 case,T11 in 1 case,T12 in 2 cases,L1 in 3 cases,L3 in 1 case and L4 in 1 case.According to the American Spinal Injury Association (ASIA) classification,9 patients with spinal cord injury were rated as follows:grade A in 2 cases,grade B in 1 case and grade C in 6 cases.Four patients with nerve root injury had skin hypesthesia,and the muscle strengths of them were grade Ⅱ.All patients underwent posterior open operation 4-12 h after definite diagnosis.Results Thirteen patients were followed up for 3 to 47 months (average,14.1 months).The reasons of open operation were as follows:bone cement leakage in 6 cases (46.2％,6/13),puncture failure in 3 cases (23.1％,3/13) and indication select error in 4 cases (30.8％,4/13).All 6 cases of bone cement leakage were non vascular leakage,including 2 cases of leakage into the spinal canal and 4 cases of leakage into the nerve root canal.At final follow up,the muscle strength was improved to grade V in 3 patients with nerve root injury and grade Ⅳ in remaining 1 patient.And skin sensation was also improved.The ASIA grade of 7 patients with spinal cord injury was improved:grade D in 4 cases and grade E in 3 cases.For remaining 2 patients,there was no change in ASIA grade.Conclusion The reasons of open operation after percutaneous vertebroplasty include bone cement leakage,puncture failure,and indication select error.And bone cement leakage is the most common.

Objective To prepare human prostatic carcinoma-targeted ultrasound contrast agent and assess its targeted ability in vitro. Methods Human prostatic carcinoma-specific polyclonal antibody PSM(C-15) was attached to the surface of self-made liposome microbubbles by electrostatic attraction to prepare targeted microbubbles. Immunofluorescent staining assay was used to identify the combination of PSM(C-15) with liposome microbubbles and the targeted microbubbles were added to prostatic-carcinoma cells and then observed under the light and fluorescence microscope to evaluate the targeting ability of the targeted liposome microbubbles with prostatic carcinoma cells in vitro, while the common liposome microbubbles were controls. Results Targeted microbubbles were positive in immunofluorescent straining assay. In vitro study of the targeting ability showed the targeted microbubbles could actively adhere to LNCaP cell. While the control was negative. Conclusion The targeted liposome contrast agent with highly specific biological activity was prepared successfully. The contrast agent could bind to human prostatic carcinoma cells specially and effectively in vitro.

Aim To study absorption characteristics of SM-1 , a novel anti-tumor agent , to provide a research basis for the druggability evaluation of SM-1 and formu-lation design. Methods Caco-2 cell monolayer model and in situ single-pass intestinal perfusion rat model were used to study the absorption characteristics of SM-1 , and the absorption of SM-1 in vivo was evaluated through absolute bioavailability study in rats. Results The results of cell monolayer model showed that cu-mulative absorption and efflux of SM-1 increased line-arly with concentration ( 10 ~40 mg · L-1 ) . There were no significant differences in Papp with different concentrations ( P>0. 05 ) . SM-1 was absorbed mainly through passive diffusion. The intestinal perfusion re-sults showed that Ka and Pef of SM-1 had no significant differences ( P > 0. 05 ) , when the concentrations ranged from 25 to 100 mg · L-1 . SM-1 entered the systemic circulation mainly via on passive diffusion, indicating it is a compound with high permeability. The absorption of SM-1 in duodenum was superior to other intestinal segments ( P <0. 05 ) , there were no significant differences in the jejunum, ileum and colon ( P >0. 05 ) . The absolute bioavailability of SM-1 in rats was 29. 3%. Conclusion The membrane perme-ability of SM-1 is high and it can be absorbed by intes-tine well. The absorption mechanism of SM-1 is pas-sive diffusion, and it possibly escapes from the efflux transporter protein. The absolute bioavailability of SM-1 in rats is low.