Objective To analyze the changes of gopher density and epidemic situations of animal plague in the natural plague foci of Yinchuan from 2004-2014,to sum up the epidemic regularity of the epidemic situation,and to provide a scientific basis for prevention and treatment of the plague.Methods Retrospective analysis was used in the study.The plague monitoring data were collected;the number of host animals,density of rat,media index,aetiological and serological test results were analyzed.Results From 2004 to 2014,a total of 15 664 rats in 14 species,4 families and 9 genera were captured.The dominant populations were Meriones unguiculatus and Meriones meridianus.The density of rats was 4 919 km2,the number of rats was 6 196,the density of each rat was 0.21 to 3.85/hm2,and the average density was 1.26/hm2.A total of 15 664 rats were examined,the number of positive rats was 33,and the positive rate was 0.21％ (33/15 664).Among them,gerbils were 29,accounted for 87.88％ (29/33);18 strains of Yersiniapestis were detected in dead rats,which accounted for 54.54％ (18/33).A total of 5 810 groups of 22 070 fleas were cultured,the number of positive fleas was 42,and the positive rate was 0.12％ (7/5 810).Plague fleas were 2 kinds,the same type cheopis subspecies in 6 groups of 37 fleas,Nosopsyllus laeviceps vole subspecies in 1 group of 5 fleas.The positive number of F1 antibody was 3,and the positive rate was 0.12％ (3/ 2 446).Conclusions Yinchuan City,the natural foci of plague epidemic,is in the active state.We should pay attention to the density changes of Meriones unguiculatus and strengthen the monitoring work to pick up the dead rats,and found the epidemic of animal plague as soon as possible,in order to prevent the occurrence of human plague.

Ocular albinism type 1 (OA1),the most form of the ocular albinism,is an X-linked disorder mainly characterized by a severe reduction of visual acuity,hypopigmentation of the retina,photophobia,strabismus and nystagmus. The OA1 gene is located on chromosome Xp22.32 and the coding sequence is divided into nine exons. The OA1 gene codes for a 404 amino acid protein thought to be a melanosomal transmembrane glycoprotein. The OA1 protein is similar to the G protein-coupled receptors,but it's exact function is not clear. There are many mutations and deletions of the OA1 gene have been found.

Objective To observe the effect and safety of buflomedil hydrochloride injection to intra cerebral hemorrhage in rats. Methods We established the experimental intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) model in rats by stereotactic injecting quantitative collagenase into their left caudate nucleuses.The effects of buflomedil hydrochloride injection on hematoma volume,the score of neurological function deficit signs, as well as histopathological changes were observed. Local capillaries were observed by micrangium perfusion.Results 5 days after buflomedil hydrochloride injection might alleviate Wister rats' neurological function deficit signs, 86% rats from Grade Ⅲ to Grade Ⅰ, 14% rats from Grade Ⅲ to Grade 0( P

Objective To further develop SDE for structured documentation of clinical data based on medical ontology. Methods OpenSDE was customized for the broad domain of medical ontology: medical concepts and its descriptors from history taking and physical examination were modeled into a tree structure. Results An expandable EMR system with structured data entry was developed. Conclusion Structured data entry is significant to clinical decision based on EMR.

Objective To focus on the expressiveness and flexibility of OpenSDE: an application that supports recording of structured narrative data. Methods OpenSDE enabled data entry with (customizable) forms based on trees of medical concepts. The relevant scope for data entry could be tailored per medical domain by construction of a domain-specific tree. OpenSDE was intended for structuring narrative data to make these available for both care and research. Results The OpenSDE application was used at two departments in aspects of radiology, neurology, pediatrics, and child psychiatry. Conclusion OpenSDE is superior to traditional text entry method in aspects of correct and full expression and clinical decision support.

To select appropriate descriptors for response of the patient-reported outcome (PRO) scale for the main symptoms of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) complicated with pulmonary heart disease.

· AIM:To determine whether the multifocal visual evoked potential (mfVEP) can be used as a clinical method to assess the patients with optic nerve disease.· METHODS: Fifteen patients with optic nerve disease were examined in this study. All patients underwent visual acuity examination, slit-lamp inspection, ophthalmoscopy, Goldmann perimeter, fundus fiuorescein angiography, visual field and mfVEP. Although these patients with unilateral optic nerve damage,data from both eyes were included in the analysis.· RESULTS:In all patients the visual fields defect was demonstrated on the mfVEP and showed good correspondence in location of the scotoma. However, we also found some slight difference between visual field and mfVEP. In some locations, when the local visual fields were normal, mfVEP showed that its amplitude reduced. In reverse, when the local mfVEP seemed normal, visual field showed abnormity.· CONCLUSION:Multifocal visual evoked potential could be used as a clinical diagnosis option in patients with optic nerve disease. Local monocular damage to the optic nerve can be measured by an interocular comparison of the mfVEP.

This study examined the effects of Bangdeyun on the expressions of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the endometrium of mice with embryo implantation dysfunction (EID) during the implantation time (namely on pregnancy day 5, 6, 7 and 8) and explored the local immune regulatory effects of Bangdeyun. The gestational mice were randomly divided into normal group, model group and Bangdeyun-treated group. EID models of mice were established by using indomethacin. The endometrial expression of NF-kappaB was detected by immunohistochemistry and Western blotting. IFN-gamma and IL-10 were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The results showed that in the normal group, NF-kappaB and IFN-gamma were weakly expressed and IL-10 was strongly expressed in the endometrium during the whole implantation period. In the model group, the expressions of NF-kappaB and IFN-gamma were increased on pregnancy day 5, 6 and 7, and IL-10 expression decreased during the whole implantation time when compared with those in the normal group (P<0.01 for all). In the Bangdeyun-treated group, little amount of NF-kappaB and IFN-gamma was expressed and IL-10 expression was strong, much the way they were expressed in the normal group (P>0.05). The expressions of NF-kappaB and IFN-gamma were much lower in the Bangdeyun-treated group than those in the model group on pregnancy day 5, 6 and 7 (P<0.01 for all), while the expression of IL-10 was much higher than in the model group during the whole implantation time (P<0.01). It was suggested Bangderun may favor a shift from Th1- to Th2-type immune response, therefore inhibiting the maternal immune rejection, inducing the immune tolerance and improving the fetal implantation.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal/*pharmacology ; Embryo Implantation, Delayed/*drug effects ; Embryo Implantation, Delayed/immunology ; Endometrium/*immunology ; Endometrium/metabolism ; Interferon-gamma/genetics ; Interferon-gamma/metabolism ; Interleukin-10/genetics ; Interleukin-10/metabolism ; NF-kappa B/genetics ; NF-kappa B/metabolism

Objective To observe the protective effect of meicha protein on the heart of spontaneously hypertensive rats(SHR),and explore its mechanism.Methods Fourty healthy SHR rats were randomly divided into 4 groups:model control group,Meicha protein low dose group(70 mg·kg-1)、Meicha protein high dose group(140 mg·kg-1),Compound Kendir Leaves Tablets group(50 mg·kg-1),n=10.The rats were orally administered twice daily by gavage for seven weeks,measuring blood pressure in each group fort nightly.1 h after the last administration,drawing off the blood from carotid,stripping off the heart tissue,and the organ index was calculated;Taking a part of the tissue with 4% paraformaldehyde for Pathological histology.Detection of serum NO,ET-1 levels as well as the organization of the ACE and Ang II mRNA expression to explore the mechanism of its buck.Results Meicha protein could significantly reduce the blood pressure of SHR;The impact on the rat organ coefficient was not obvious,but had a protective effect on heart tissue.Compared with the model control group,the contents of NO an ET-1 were significantly increased(P<0.01).Compared with the model group,the high dose of Meicha protein could induce ACE,AngⅡ,CYP11B2.The expression of mRNA was significantly decreased(P<0.01).Conclusion The possible mechanism of Meicha protein antihypertensionis relevant to increase the content of NO in serum,reduce the content of ET-1 in serum,reduce mRNA expression of ACE and AngⅡin cardiac tissue.

Objective To evaluate the effect of dexmedetomidine on lung injury induced by extremity ischemia-reperfusion.Methods Forty patients,aged 18-60 yr,with body mass index of 20-25 kg/m2,of ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,with 1 h ≤ predicted duration of surgery ≤ 1.5 h,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n =20 each) using a random number table:control group (group C) and dexmedetomidine group (group D).In groupD,dexmedetomidine 1 (g/kg was infused intravenously for 10 min,followed by continuous infusion of dexmedetomidine at 0.5 μg· kg-1 · h-1 until the end of the surgery,while in group C the equal volume of normal saline was given instead.Immediately before induction of anesthesia (T1,baseline),at 60 min after tourniquet was inflated (T2) and at 30 min,2 h and 6 h after tourniquet release (T3-5),blood samples were collected from the radial artery for blood gas analysis and for measurement of the levels of plasma interleukin-6 (IL-6),IL-8,tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α),malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD),and arterial partial pressure of oxygen (PaO2) and partial pressure of carbon dioxide (PaCO2) were recorded.Alveolar-arterial oxygen difference (A-aDO2) and respiratory index (RI) were calculated.Results Compared with group C,PaO2 was significantly increased at T5,and A-aDO2 and RI at T5,the levels of plasma IL-6 and IL-8 were decreased at T4,5 and the levels of plasma TNF-α,MDA and SOD were decreased at T3-5 in group D.Conclusion Dexmedetomidine can attenuate lung injury induced by extremity ischemia/reperfusion via inhibiting inflammatory responses and lipid peroxidation.