Objective To study the active secondary metabolites from marine microorganism FIM02-635. Methods The producing strain was identified by taxonomical and phylogenetic studies. Two compounds FW635I1 and FW635I2 with immunosuppressive activities were extracted by organic solvents from the culture broth and purified by silica gel column chromatography and high speed counter current chromatography. The structures of the two compounds were determined by physico-chemical properties and spectral analyses,the biological activities were assayed in vitro. Results and Conclusion The producing strain was named as Micromonospora carbonacea FIM 02-635. Two compounds FW635I1 and FW635I2 were determined to be isoflavone Daidzein and Genistein, respectively, showed immunosuppressive and antitumor activities, but not antimicrobial activities.

Objective To investigate the effect of transforming growth factor-?1 (TGF-?1) on cell cycle,cell proliferation,and invasive capacity of human colon cancer cells of the line SW480,for its role in colon carcinogenesis and development,as well as its application in gene therapy for colon cancer with RNA interference.Methods The recombinant expressing plasmids pEGFP-N1-TGF-?1 was constructed and transfected into SW480 cells by Lipofectamine 2000.The expression of TGF-?1 mRNA and protein in the transfected SW480 cells were detected by fluorescent microscopy,RT-PCR and Western blot analysis respectively.The cell proliferation of SW480 cells was tested by MTT assay,the cell cycle was analyzed by flow cytometry,and the invasion ability of SW480 cells were investigated by Transwell-matrigel invasion chambers.Results After transfected into SW480 cells,both the mRNA and protein levels of TGF-?1 were effectively increased (P

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of methotrexate and mifepristone in treatment of ectopic pregnancy. Methods 58 cases with ectopic pregnancy admitted in the Second People's Hospital in Putuo district of Zhoushan city from February 2010 to February 2012 were randomly divided into observation group and control group,each had 29 cases. Control group were received methotrexate 1 mg/kg or 50 mg/m2 once a day by intramuscular injection,observation group were given both methotrexate and mifepristone treatment,the mifepristone was given one piece a day and each piece is 75 mg. the treatment success,b-HCG returned to normal time,normal pregnancy and the occurrence of complications were compared between two groups. Results The treatment success and normal pregnancy rate in observation group were significantly higher than control group(P<0.05),b-HCG returned to normal time was significantly shorter than control group (P<0.05 ). There were no obvious adverse reactions in both two groups, observation group had one light nausea,and control group had one light nausea and one case with alanine aminotransferase (ALT)slightly increased phenomenon,those patients were all back to normal on their own without treatment,the difference of adverse reaction rate between two groups was not significant. Conclusions Methotrexate and mifepristone has good efficacy and are safe and reliable in,treatment of ectopic pregnancy.

The aim of this study was to explored the mechanism of inhibitory effect of chloroquine on IL-6 release induced synergistically by bacterial DNA and endotoxin. Before experiment mice were sensitized for 1 hour with D-GalN by I.P. injection. Mortality within seven days was observed after mice were challenged with CpG ODN or LPS with or without chloroquine treatment. ANA-1 cell line cells were cultivated in vitro. We investigated the influence of chloroquine on IL-6 release induced by both EC DNA and LPS. Expressions of TLR4 and TLR9 and activation of NF-?B p65 were investigated in cultured THP-1 cells pretreated with chloroquine and stimulated by EC DNA and LPS. The results showed that all mice died within 4 hours after challenged with CpG ODN and LPS. Only 4 or 5 mice pretreated with chloroquine (30mg/kg) died after challenged with CpG ODN and LPS (P

1 000 rnl were randomly divided into 2 groups : AHHD group ( n = 18) and control group ( n = 18). The patients were premedicated with intramuscular atropine 0.007-0.01 mg?kg-1 . Radial artery and right internal jugular vein were cannulated before induction of anesthesia for MAP and CVP monitoring, blood sampling and fluid administration. Anesthesia was induced with TCI of propofol. The target plasma propofol concentration was set at 3 ?g ? ml -1 . When the patients lost consciousness, fentanyl 2 ?g ? kg-1 was given intravenous and tracheal intubation was facilitated by vecuronium 0.1 mg? kg-1 , 10min after intubation additional fentanyl 2 ?g? kg-1 and vecuronium 0.08 mg? kg-1 were given. In AHHD group lactated Ringer's solution 10 ml ? kg-1 was infused over 30 min before TCI propofol was started. 10 min after start of TCI propofol 6% HES 20 ml? kg-1 was infused within 30 min. In control group the patients received only lactated Ringer's solution 10 ml?kg-1 . TCI of propofol was maintained for 1 h. Arterial blood samples were taken before and 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min after TCI propofol was started, and at 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30 min after termination of TCI propofol for determination of blood concentration of propofol by gas-chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) . The TCI system comprising Graseby 3 500 infusion pump controlled by Stelpump 1.07 software which included Tackley pharmacokinetic parameters. Results In AHHD group Hb was reduced from initial (130? 14)g?L-1 to (90? 15)g?L-1 and Hct from initial 38% ? 3% to 26% ? 4 % at the end of AHHD. The measured blood propofol concentrations were significantly lower in AHHD group than those in control group at the corresponding time points (P

Obuective To assess the population pharmacokinetic parameters and analyze thecharacteristics of pharmacokinetics of propofol given by target-controlled infusion (TCI) in Chinese using anoulinear mixed effect model (NONMEM) program. Methods Sixty-one ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱ patients (26 male, 35female) aged 18-64yr, weighing 41-83kg undergoing elective operation under general anesthesia were studied. TheTCI system consisted of (1 ) Stel pump Software 1 .07 designed by Coetzee, (2) cable R232 connector, (3)Graseby 3500 infusion pump, (4 ) pharmacokinetic parameters developed by Tackley. The patients werepremedicated with intramuscular phenobarbital sodium 1-2 mg?kg~(-1) and atropine 0. 5 mg. Anesthesia was inducedwith TCI of propofol. Target plasma concentration of propofol was set at 3?g?ml~(-1). Fentanyl 2?g?kg~(-1) andvecuronium 0. 1mg?kg~(-1) were given i. v. when the patients lost consciousness. TCI of propofol lasted 60 min. 976blood samples were obtained before induction of anesthesia and at 2, 5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50, 60, 62. 5, 65, 70,75, 80, 85, 90 min ther TCI was started for determination of plasma propofol concentration by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Population pharmacokinetic parameters were assessed and thecharacteristics of the pharmacokinetic profile was analyzed using NONMEM program. Results The pharmacokineticprofile of propofol given by TCI in Chinese was best described by an open two-compartment model. Thepharmacokinetic parameters for the final model: K_(10) was 0.111, K_(12) 0 .064 and K_(21) 0 .023 min~(-1); V_1 was 0 .205and V_2 0.404 L?kg~(-1); CL_1 was 22 .76 and CL_2 13 .24 ml?min~(-1). The estimated concentrations were well correlatedwith the measured concentrations in the final model. Weight was found to covariate significandy with V_1 and CL_1and age with K_(21). However gender had no significant effect on pharmacokinetic parameters.Conclusion Thepopulation pharmacokinetic profile of propofol administered by TCI in Chinese can be well described by an open two-compartment model. The volume of central compartment was smaller and the inter-compartmental transfer ratefrom central compartment to peripheral compartment was faster in Chinese.

Objective To investigate the effect of acute hypervolemic hemodilution (AHHD) on pharmacokinetics of propofol given by target-controlled infusion (TCI). Methods Thirty-six ASA Ⅰ-Ⅱpatients (18 male, 18 female) undergoing elective surgery were randomized to one of two groups: control group (n = 18) and AHHD group ( n = 18). The patients were premedicated with atropine 0.007-0.01mg?kg-1 and phenobarbital 1-2mg?kg-1 i.m. . Radial artery and right internal jugular vein were cannulated before induction of anesthesia. Anesthesia was induced with TCI of propofol. The target plasma propofol concentration was set at 3 ?g?ml-1. When the patients lost consciousness, fentanyl 2?g? kg-1 was given i.v. and tracheal intubation was facilitated by vecuronium 0. 1 mg?kg-1 . Ten minutes after tracheal intubation an additional dose of fentanyl 2 ?g?kg-1 and vecuronium 0.08 mg?kg-1 was given i.v.. TCI of propofol continued for 1 hour. In AHHD group lactated Ringer's solution 10 ml?kg-1 was infused over 30 min before induction of anesthesia. 10 min after TCI propofol was started, 6 % HES 20 ml ?kg-1 was infused within 30 min. In control group the patients received only lactated Ringer's solution 10 ml? kg-1 . All fluid infused was prewarmed to 35℃ Arterial blood samples were taken before and 2,5, 10, 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 min after TCI propofol was started and 2.5, 5, 10, 15, 20, 30 min after termination of TCI propofol for determination of blood concentration of propofol by gas-chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) . The TCI system consisted of Graseby 3500 infusion pump controlled by Stelpump 1.07 software, which included Tackley pharmacokinetic parameters. Results The demographic data including sex, age, body weight and amount of propofol consumed were comparable between the two groups. The pharmacokinetic profile of propofol given by TCI was best described by a two-compartment open model during AHHD. The pharmacokinetic parameters tor the final model; K10 was0.116, K12 0.0907 and K210.024mm-1 ; V, was 0.311 and V2 0.446L?kg-1 ; Cl1 was 33.31 and Cl2 16.65 ml?min-1?kg-1 respectively. V1 and V2 were significandy larger, and transfer and clearance rates were significantly higher in AHHD group than those in control group. At the end of AHHD, Hb decreased by 31.0% and Hct by 31.3%; total plasma protein decreased by 30.1% and plasma albumin by 25.7% as compared with the baseline values before AHHD. Conclusion AHHD has significant effect on pharmacokinetics of propofol. Less propofol is bound to plasma protein and duration of action is relatively shorter. During AHHD the target plasma propofol concentration should be increased to some extent to achieve the same depth of anesthesia.

Objective To compare the influence of different doses of dexmedetomidine on the haemodynamic response caused by tracheal intubation during general anesthesia induction in senile hypertension patients .Methods Sixty patients with essential hy‐pertension(EH) undergoing general anesthesia operation ,60-75 years old ,ASAⅠorⅡ ,were randomly divided into the group D1 , D2 and control group(C) ,20 cases in each group .4μg /mL dexmedetomidine in the group D1 and D2 was intravenously pumped at 15 min before anesthesia induction with the doses of 0 .2 ,0 .6 μg/kg respectively and completed within 10 min;while the group C was pumped with sodium chloride injection by the same method .Mean artery pressure (MAP) ,heart rate (HR) and O2 saturation (SpO2 ) were monitored at before medication(T0) ,before induction(T1) ,before intubation(T2) ,at 1 min(T3) ,5 min(T4) after tra‐cheal intubation .Meanwhile plasma norepinephrine(NE) and epinephrine(E) values were detected .Results Compared with before medication ,MAP before induction in the group D2 was significantly decreased (P<0 .05) ,however which in the group D1 and C had no obvious change(P>0.05);HR at 1 min after tracheal intubation in the group D2 was significantly decreased (P<0.05) , while which in the group C and D1 was significantly increased(P<0 .05) .Compared with the group C ,MAP and HR before induc‐tion and tracheal intubation ,at 1 ,5 min after tracheal intubation in the group D2 were significantly decreased(P<0.05) ,SpO2 was significantly decreased only before induction (P<0.01);MAP ,HR and SpO2 at each time points in the group D1 had no significant differences compared with the group C(P>0.05) .Compared with T0 ,the plasma levels of NE and E at T1 in the group D2 were decreased (P<0.01);the plasma levels of NE and E at T3 in the group C and D1 were increased ,while which in the group D2 were decreased (P<0.01) .The plasma levels of NE and E at T1 and T3 in the group D2 were decreased compared with the group C(P<0.01) .Conclusion Intravenous injection of dexmedetomidine can safely inhibit the tracheal intubation caused hemodynamic changes and keep the hemodynamic stabilization during general anaesthesia induction and tracheal intubation period in senile hyper‐tension patients .Furthermore dexmedetomidine 0.6μg/kg can more effectively inhibit the tracheal intubation caused stress reac‐tions than dexmedetomidine 0.2μg/kg .

Humans ; Liver ; injuries ; surgery

Gastrointestinal tumor patients are characterized by malnutrition resulting from various elements. So it is necessary to analyze,assess, and treat malnutrition of patients with gastrointestinal tumor. Nutrition support is an indispensable step in tumor therapy.