Objective To observe the effect ofmycophenolate mofetil combined with prednisone in treatment of old patients with refractory nephrotic syndrome.Methods From June 2009 to June 2010,67cases of old patients with refractory nephrotic syndrome were divided into two groups by random digits table,32 cases in control group were treated with cyclophosphamide combined with prednisone and 35 cases in observation group were treated with mycophenolate mofetil combined with predrisone.The clinical effect and the levels of urinary protein,serum creatinine and serum uric acid between two groups were compared.Results There was no significant difference in total effective rate between two groups [68.8％(22/32) vs.74.3％ (26/35)] (P ＞ 0.05 ).After treatment,the levels of urinary protein,serum creatinine and serum uric acid in two groups were decreased (P＜ 0.05 ),but there were no significant differences between two groups (P ＞ 0.05 ).The adverse reaction rate in observation group was significantly lower than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Mycophenolate mofetil combined with prednisone in treatment of old patients with refractory nephrotic syndrome has good effect and low adverse reaction,and it can be applied in clinic.

Objective To evaluate the value of minimally invasive technique in treatment of severe traumatic intracranial hematoma at emergency department.Method From January 1995 to December 2005,126 patients were treated by using the minimally invasive technique in Affiliated Chaoyang hospital once patients were diagnosedas severe traumatic cerebral hernia resulted from intracranial hematoma and also those whose clinical data were retrospectively analyzed.In the emergency department,the per-operative plan was done according to the CT imaging,including the sute of burr hole on the skull,the direction and depth of carmulation,and the drainage cannula was put into the hematoma cavity for external drainage under local anesthesia.Results The successful rate of puncture was 100%.The patients's dukated oyouk contracted immediately after drainage.There are 79/ 95 patients(83.1%)had single pupil dilated and 17/31(54.8%)patients had bilateral pupils dilated.The immediately clinical effective was 76.2%.According to Glasgow outcome scale,43 of 126 patients had good recovery,26 had moderate deficits and 18 had severe sequelae,16 patients were in vegetative state,18 died. Conclusions Clinical prospective study proves that minimally invasive technique can ameliorate the cerebral hernia,prolong the operative therapie window time.

Objective To construct the pcDNA3. 1-Brugia malayi (Bm) glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (GAPDH) eukaryotic recombinant plasmid and to study its effect on mouse cellular immunity response. Methods Total RNA was prepared from periodic Bm. The target gene fragments were amplified by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) technique and then were inserted into the cloning vector. pGEM-T Easy, and sub-cloned into pcDNA3. 1. Purified pcDNA 3. 1-BmGAPDH recombinant plasmid and CpG were injected into the anterior tibial muscle of BALB/c mice in order to induce host immunity response. Mice injected with PBS and mice injected with blank plasmid were prepared as controls. The mouse models were immunized for 3 times with an interval of 2 weeks. RT-PCR was utilized to detect target gene expression in the muscle tissue. MTT method was used to measure the immunized mice T lymphocytes stimulation index, while enzyme-linked immunoassay (ELISA) was used to determine the serum interleukin (IL)-4 and interferon (IFN)-γ level. Means were compared using t test with SPSS software. Results The recombinant plasmid pcDNA3. 1-BmGAPDH was constructed sucessfully. The target gene was 1020 bp long and its homology with known gene sequence in database was 99%. BmGAPDH gene in the injected muscle of the immunized mice was detected by PCR. The proliferation of spleen T lymphocytes was higher in pcDNA3-BmGAPDH group than in the 2 control groups which were 1. 398, 1. 006 and 1. 017,respectively (P< 0. 05). The levels of IFN-γ and IL-4 in serums from the immunized mice were significantly higher than those of the PBS control group and blank plasmid control group which were 163.905, 58.589, 51. 317 and 107. 906, 27.111, 34.627, respectively (P<0. 05). Immune adjuvant CpG could accelerate and boost antigen-specific immune responses induced by vaccine, which presented as significant increase of IFN-γ and lymphocyte proliferation at 4 weeks after immunization.Conclusion The recombinant eukaryotic plasmid pcDNA3. 1-BmGAPDH is constructed and could elicit cellular immune responses in immunized mice.

Aim To investigate the protective effect of ginsenoside Rb1 against apoptosis induced by H_2O_2. Methods H_2O_2 was used to build an oxidative stress-induced injury model in neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. After treated with gensenoside Rb1(20, 40, 80 mg?L -1),the apoptosis rate, the content of malondialdehyde (MDA), and the activity of superoxide dimutase (SOD) of the cardiomyocytes were examined. The intracellular calcium indicated by the fluorescence in cells were measured by the laser confocal microscope. Results Compared with the model group, the apoptosis rate and the content of MDA of the cardiomyocytes decreased greatly (P

Objective To construct the recombinant plasmid of PA-ⅠL and express in E.coli BL 21 (DE3), and evaluate the biological activity of recombinant protein.Methods PA-ⅠL gene was amplified by PCR using primers designed according to Pseudomonas aeruginosa genome sequences and then cloned to the vector pET -28a ( +).The recombinant plasmid was transformed into E.coli BL21(DE3) and induced to express by IPTG.The recombinant protein was purified by nickel affinity chromatography.The binding activity of recombinant PA-ⅠL with Gb3/CD77 was evaluated by flow cytometry.The function of recombinant PA-ⅠL on the binding of bacteria with host cells was evaluated by colony plate counting.Results and Conclusion The recombinant PA-ⅠL protein was highly expressed in E.coli BL21(DE3) and protein purity by SDS-PAGE analysis was high after nickel affinity chromatography .Besides, the recombinant PA-ⅠL had binding activity to Gb3/CD77 and inhibited the binding of PAO1 to host cells in a dose-dependent manner.

Objective To systematically review the clinical efficacy of botulinum toxin A for the treatment of upper limb spasticity after stroke. Methods PubMed,EMbase,Cochrane Library,CBM, China National Knowledge Internet (CNKI),and Wanfang Data were retrieved by a computer. The randomized controlled trials and Case-control study of comparing botulinum toxin A combined with rehabilitation training and routine rehabilitation treatment for upper limb spasticity after stroke were collected. The retrieval time was from the foundation of the database to September 1,2016. At least two reviewers conducted literature screening,data extraction,and quality evaluation according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The Rev-Man 5. 3 software provided by the Cochrane Collaboration was used to conduct the Meta-analysis. Results A total of 356 articles were retrieved. Finally,11 articles met the inclusion criteria. The modified Jadad score showed that the scores of 9 articles were more than 4,which belonged to high-quality literature. Eleven articles included 614 patients,in which 316 were treated with botulinum toxin A. There were 298 patients in the control group. The results of Meta-analysis indicated that the Fugl-Meyer score (SMD =0. 94,95% CI 0. 75 to 1. 12),modified Ashworth score (SMD = - 1. 59,95% CI - 1. 78 to - 1. 40),and modified Barthel index (SMD = 0. 86,95% CI 0. 65 to 1. 08)in the botulinum toxin treatment group were superior to the control group. There were significant differences (all P < 0. 05). The incidence of adverse events (RR = 1. 06,95% CI 0. 78 to 1. 45)was similar in both groups. There was no significant difference (P > 0. 05). Conclusion The efficacy of treatment of upper limb spasticity after stroke with botulinum toxin A is exact,and the security is high. The appropriate rehabilitation training can effectively improve the limb motor function,muscle tension,and quality of life of patients.

AIM:To investigate morphologic and functional changes of small intestinal mucosa and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in postoperative portal hypertension patients with single or combined administration of Gln and rhGH.METHODS:Twenty-nine portal hypertension patients with surgical treatment were prospectively randomized to four groups as follows:① Gln group(n=6);② rhGH group(n=8);③ Gln+rhGH group(n=7)and ④ control group(n=8).A standard solution for TPN was given three days after operation for a week.The concentration ratio of urinary lactulose and mannitol(L/M),the villus height and crypt depth and PCNA index of small intestinal mucosa were compared.RESULTS:A week after TPN postoperation,the increased ratios of L/M in Gln+rhGH group were less than those in control group(P0.05).CONCLUSION:This study suggest that Gln together with rhGH reduce the intestinal permeability and protect the mucosa integrality in postoperative portal hypertension patients,but not in single treatment.

Objective:To observe the additional effects of Xin Qing-ning Tablets,a representative herb with the effect of activating blood circulation and detoxication(ABCD) consisting of rhubarb extractives,on the serum in ammatory markers and blood lipids in stable coronary heart disease(CHD) patients receiving standardized statins treatment.Methods:Thirty stable CHD patients were randomized to three groups(10 in each group):the control group treated with standardized statins;the ABC and ABCD group,treated with Dan Qi Tablets or Xin Qing-ning Tablets respectively in addition to standardized statins treatment.After one month treatment,the concentrations of high-sensitivity C reaction protein(hs-CRP),Tumor necrosis factor-?(TNF-?) in serum,blood lipid and blood-stasis syndrome score(BSSS) of CHD patients before and after treatment were determined.Results:The ABCD group showed superior e ects in reducing the concentration of hs-CRP in serum[a di erence of(6.83?4.99)mg/L]as compared with the control group(1.90?2.15)mg/L and the ABC group(1.49?1.48)mg/L(P

Objective To provide anatomical basis for lateral antebrachial neurocutaneous flap pedi-cled with inferior cubital artery perforator in repairing tissue defects around elbow joint. Methods Thirty embalmed upper limbs of adult cadavers perfused with red latex were used for this study, and followings were observed:①The course and distribution of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve; ②Anastomoses between inferior cubital artery and nutrient vessels of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. Mimic operation was performed on other side of fresh specimen. Results ①The main trunk of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (LACN) lined in the radial forearm and distributed in the 1/3 region of lateral forearm. ①The nutritional vessels of the flap were plurisegmental and polyphyletic. The inferior cubital artery which was relatively constant reached to skin through "V"-shaped peak formed by communicating branches of cephalic vein and deep venous system. They also gave off large number of small veins, which closely aligned with perineural branches and neural stem vascular chain of lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve. Conclusion The lateral antebrachial neurocutaneos flap pedicled with inferior cubital artery perforator can be formed to repaire tissue defects around elbow joint.

Objective To determine the specific recognition of Echinococcus granulosus (E.g.) cyst fluid crude antigen (EgCF) and antigen B (EgB) by serum specific IgG and IgE using Western blotting during anaphylactic shock induced by E. g. in sheep, and to investigate the importance of defined characteristics and molecular weight of the specific antigens. Methods EgCF was obtained through local slaughterhouses in Urumqi from the cysts of infected sheep liver. Western blotting was used to analyze total specific IgG and IgE antibodies in serum from sheep infected with E.g. using either crude antigen of E. g. and EgB, and to understand specific recognition of hydatid cyst antigens by serum total IgG and specific IgE. Results SDS-PAGE and Western blotting showed that there were differences between EgB and EgCF in electrophoresis pattern. EgB was recognized by IgG from sera of infected sheep in a series of bands with molecular weight ranging from 31, 43 to 66.2 kDa. No binding of IgG against EgCF was observed in any serum from the infected sheep during anaphylactic shock. In contrast, specific IgE antibodies in E. g. infected sheep obviously recognized the single 43 kDa subunit of EgCF, but no binding of specific IgE against EgB was observed in sera of the infected sheep. Conclusion EgCF is consisted of antigenic components in which there is a specific antigen against IgE with a molecular weight of over 43 kDa. This component may lead to an anaphylactic shock induced by E. g. . EgB is a specific antigen against the total IgG but not to the specific IgE.