C. Conclusion Adequate hemodilution can attenuate the lung injury induced by I/R. The protective effect is better if hemodilution is performed before I/R.

Disaster Medicine ; Earthquakes ; Emergency Medicine ; General Surgery ; Humans ; Relief Work ; Wounds and Injuries ; surgery

Humans ; Physicians ; organization & administration

The risk factors of traffic crash include drinking/drunk drive, accident proneness, fatigue driving, speeding, and poor vehicle quality. This article introduces the protection, emergency treatment, and basic scientific research of road traffic injury (RTI). As a public health issue, RTI is preventable, and personal factor is a key problem. It is important to establish an accurate and comprehensive RTI database, which may provide necessary information for the epidemiological research and crash prevention. The author also gives some suggestions on road traffic safety development in our country.
Accidents, Traffic ; prevention & control ; Databases, Factual ; Epidemiologic Research Design ; Humans ; Wounds and Injuries ; prevention & control ; therapy

Accidents, Traffic ; prevention & control ; Global Health ; Humans ; World Health Organization

In the recent years,the earthquake occured frequently in the whole world which caused the increased incidence of crush syndrome (CS). The four limbs and torso will be bleeding and swelling when they are prounded and crushed from the heavy objects. The necrosis of muscular tissue causes massive production of toxin which leads to a series of symptoms including hypotension ,kidney dysfunction and so on. The serious acute kidney injury (AKI) will be vital. When CS-AKI ,the ascending velocity of urea nitrogen and K+ levels in the blood is quicker than those of general AKI;many kinds of immune cells are activated to engender a great deal of inflammatory mediators;the blood dynamics is often unstable. Therefore, it is advocated that the blood purification treatment should be carried early to eliminate excessive metabolic produces in vivo,to reduce the cardiovascular complication occurrence, and to avoid the irreversible change of the kidney function.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the relationship between inorganic ingredients (Ca, P and F) concentration of plaque residues in the primary teeth and caries status, sugar exposure frequency.

METHODSSubjects were 93 of 3-5 years old children living in Beijing area. According to their caries status, they were classified into two groups: Severe early childhood caries(S-ECC) group and caries free(CF) group. Plaque samples were collected from subjects respectively. Ca, P and F concentration of plaque residues was measured by atomic absorption spectroscopy, spectrophotometer and fluoride electrode respectively. The information of daily sugar exposure frequency of children was obtained from a standardized questionnaire filled by their parents. The relationship between inorganic ingredients (Ca, P and F) concentration of plaque residues and daily sugar exposure frequency was analyzed and the relationship between inorganic ingredients (Ca, P and F) concentration of plaque residues and caries status in the S-ECC group was also analyzed.

RESULTSThe mean values for Ca, P and F concentration of plaque residues were lower in the S-ECC group, but the difference was not statistically significant (P > 0.05). The daily sugar exposure frequency in the S-ECC group was higher than that in the CF group. There were no relationships between Ca, P and F concentration of plaque residues and caries status (dmft, dmfs), sugar exposure frequency in the primary dentition.

CONCLUSIONPlaque residues from CF subjects did not contain a greater pool of calcium, inorganic phosphorus, and fluoride ions than that from S-ECC subjects.

Calcium ; Carbohydrates ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Dental Caries ; Dental Caries Susceptibility ; Dental Plaque ; Fluorides ; Humans ; Phosphates ; Tooth, Deciduous

Objective To examined the relationship between the Fast Plasma Glucose(FPG) and the Postprandial Plasma Glucose(PPG) by analyzing 3 588 OGTT and IRT,and assessed the role of PPG in the diagnosis of type 2 diabetes.Methods Data of OGTT and IRT in 3 588 patients from 2000-Jan to 2007-June were collected and the distribution of the patients evaluated with cut-points of fasting plasma glucose by 5.6 mmol/L,6.1 mmol/L & 7.0 mmol/L and postprandial plasma glucose by 7.8 mmol/L and 11.1mmol/L were analyzed.T-test and corrected t-test of two independent samples have been done with SPSS 11.5.Results By WHO standard,3 097 T2DM were diagnosed.Of 2654 T2DM patients diagnosed by FPG≥7.0 mmol/L,54 patients showed 2 h PG0.05).202 cases were NGT(but hyperinsulinemia and/or delayed insulin secretion were found in 113 of them,55.94%).Other 289 cases were IFG and/or IGT.In the 291 cases diagnozed with 1 h PG≥11.1 mmol/L and 2 h PG

Objective To investigate the protective efficacy of anisodamine against heart injury after ischemia reperfusion in patients with right coronary artery acute myocardial infarction during percutaneous coronary intervention,and to explore the possible mechanism. Methods Totally 80cases with ST elevation myocardial infarction (STEAMI) were received primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI).All patients were randomly divided into 2 groups:anisodamine group (40 cases),5 mg anisodamine was administered when the blood flow recovery after the balloon extension,and control group (40 cases) received saline. The rhythm and rate of heart were observed through the electrocardiogram (ECG) monitor in 30 min after the blood flow recovery.The pressure of aorta were observed through the pressure sensor connected to aorta through catheter.TIMI flow grade (TFG)and corrected TIMI frame count (cTFC) were used to evaluate coronary flow during PCI.Electrocardiography was performed to analysis ST segment resolution 30 min and 24 h after PCI.Venous blood was obtained before and 30 min,1 h,2 h,4 h,24 h and 48 h after PCI to test the levels of superoxide dismutase (SOD),malonyldialdehyde (MDA),creatine kinase isozymes (CKMB) and cardiac troponin I(cTNI) in plasma. Results There were 20 cases(50.0％)of sinus bradycardia,7cases(17.5 ％) of high degree atrioventricular block (AVB),20 cases (50.0 ％ )of frequent ventricular premature,14 cases (35.0％) of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia, 5 cases (12.5％) of ventricular fibrillation,19 cases(47.5 ％) of hypotension,3 cases (7.5 ％)of no-reflow phenomenon in anisodamine group which were lower than control group,31 cases (77.5％)of sinus bradycardia,14 cases(35.0％) of high degree AVB,17 cases(72.5％) of paroxysmal supraventricular tachycardia,8 cases (42.5％) of ventricular fibrillation,30 cases (75.0％) of hypotension,6 cases of no-reflow phenomenon (P＜0.05).There were more ST fall＞50％ after rise in anisodamine group than control group after PCI 30 min,but no difference was found after 24 h. The CKMB and cTNI peak value occurred earlier in anisodamine group than control group (P＜0.05).The level of SOD was increased,MDA decreased in anisodamine group compared with control group after PCI 30 min and 24 h (both P＜0.05). Conclusions The use of anisodamine as the blood flow recovery after the balloon extension can reduce no-reflow phenomenon,various of arrhythmia and hypotension during PCI.The underlying mechanism involves the inhibition of oxygen radicals and the improvement of microcirculation.

Foxp3 is a novel member of forkhead and winged-helix transcription factor family.Foxp3 is specifically expressed in CD4+ CD25 + regulatory T cells,and Foxp3 is a critical regulator of CD4+ CD25 + regulatory T cell development and function maintain.With the development of molecular biology techniques,the understanding of Foxp3's structure and function is increasingly clear.Foxp3 plays an important role in the lung cancer's development,clinical treatment and prognosis.Thus to clarify the regulatory mechanism of Foxp3 expression is beneficial for the explanation of lung cancer's immunal environment and the establishment of a better immunal therapeutic regimen,so as to provide profound significance for lung cancer's prevention and treatment.