Aged ; Bronchogenic Cyst ; complications ; Female ; Humans ; Infection ; complications ; Mediastinal Cyst ; complications

AIM: To study the effects of artemisunate on anoikis resistance in human breast cancer cells. METHODS: After breast cancer MCF-7 cells were treated with artemisunate, the growth of anchorage independence of breast cancer MCF-7 cells was examined in soft agar colony formation, and apoptosis of breast cancer were evaluated by terminal deoxynucleatidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling (TUNEL) and DNA ladder. RESULTS: Artemisunate significantly inhibited the growth of anchorage independence of breast cancer MCF-7 cells in soft agar colon formation in a dose-dependent manner. Artemisunate induced apoptosis in breast cancer cells was conformed by DNA ladder and TUNEL assay, which was in a time-and dose-dependent manner. CONCLUSION: Artemisunate inhibits the growth of anchorage independence of breast cancer MCF-7 cells, which is related to anoikis.

Abstract Exposure to atmospheric PM2.5 is closely related to the morbidity and mortality of kidney diseases such as chronic kidney disease, membranous nephropathy and kidney cancer. Acute and chronic PM2.5 exposure lead to the damage of glomerular filtration and kidney tissue of mice. PM2.5 induces cellular oxidative stress, inflammatory response, endoplasmic reticulum stress, renin angiotensin system and bradykinin system activation, so that causes renal blood vessel and tissue damage, decreases glomerular filtration rate and clearance capacity, and mediates the occurrence of kidney damage and diseases. This article reviews the studies into the impact of PM2.5 on kidney and its mechanism form 2016 to 2020, so as to provide the basis for the prevention and treatment of kidney injury induced by PM2.5.

AIM: To explore the effect of nuclear factor-?B (NF-?B) on the anti-apoptosis induced by brain ischemia preconditioning (IP). METHODS: Temporary middle cerebral artery occlusion for 20 min followed three days reperfusion before 6 hours middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) trancranially was used as preconditioning in Wistar rats. The protective role was evaluated by analyzing the infarct volume. The status of neuronal apoptosis was observed by TUNEL. The expression of NF?B p65 protein, the assay of SOD activity and MDA concentration were analyzed by using the methods of immunohistochemistry and cytochemistry. RESULTS: Compared to the control group, 20 min ischemic preconditioning, which did not produce neuronal damage obviously, reduced the infarct volume significantly after MCAO 6 h and obviously decreased the number of neural cell apoptosis in penumbra (P

AIM:to investigate the effects of extract of ginkgo biloba (EGB) on human tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by transforming growth factor-?1.METHODS: HK2 cells were induced to epithelial-mesenchymal transition by transforming growth factor-?1 (TGF-?1, 10 ?g/L). EGB was added into the medium of HK2 cells 2 h before TGF-?1 was added. The expressions of E-cadherin, ?-smooth muscle actin (?-SMA), NADPH oxidase p67phox and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were determined by Western blotting. Malondialdehyde (MDA) in the mediums of HK2 cells was detected. RESULTS: EGB significantly attenuated the downregulation of E-cadherin, the upregulation of ?-SMA and p67phox, the downregulation of SOD and the upregulation of MDA in HK2 cells induced by TGF-?1.CONCLUSION: EGB significantly attenuates human tubular epithelial-mesenchymal transition induced by TGF-?1, and its underlying mechanism is that EGB attenuates the upregulation of p67phox and the downregulation of SOD induced by TGF-?1.

AIM:To investigate the differences among Lenstar 900, A-scan ultrasound and keratometer in measurement of axial length ( AL ) , anterior chamber depth ( ACD ) and corneal curvature ( K1 , K2 , Km ) , and evaluate the consistency of the instruments, with the purpose providing references for the clinical application of Lenstar 900.
METHODS: In this study we picked up 36 patients ( 50 eyes ) underwent cataract surgery, and lens nucleus hardness were under level IV. Before the operation, AL, ACD and K1 , K2 , Km were measured by Lenstar 900, A-scan ultrasound and keratometer respectively. The differences between the results were compared by the paired t-test. The correlation of the results was analyzed by Pearson correlation analysis, and the consistency was measured by Bland-Ahamn method.
RESULTS: The mean AL and ACD values measured by Lenstar 900 and A-scan ultrasound had no significantly statistic differences (P>0. 05). The K1, K2, Km measured by Lenstar 900 and keratometer were not significantly statistical different (P>0. 05). The results measured by these three instruments had close linearity correlation ( r>0.9, P<0. 01). The consistency of the results was well in Bland-Ahamn analysis.
CONCLUSION:The preoperatively biometric result of Lenstar 900, A - scan ultrasound and keratometer in patients with cataract are all reliable, and they can be substituted by each other. However, Lenstar 900 can not only measure AL, ACD and corneal curvature at the same time, but also cornal thickness, lens thickness, white to white, pupil size, optical axis eccentricity, retinal thickness and so on. It has a number of advantages such as non-touching, convenient and efficient, and can be recommended to use widely.

BACKGROUND:The effects of both conservative and traditional open reduction and internal fixation are dissatisfactory in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures, however, minimal-invasive percutaneous pedicle screw-rod systems provide a new available method.
OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effect of percutaneous pedicle screw fixation using Sextant minimal-invasive system in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures.
METHODS:A total of 55 patients, who had undergone percutaneous pedicle screw fixation using Sextant system (25 patients) or open pedicle screw fixation (30 patients) for single-level vertebral body compression fractures in Department of Orthopedics, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from February 2011 to January 2013, were enrol ed in this study. They showed no neurological signs and symptoms. The operative time, intraoperablood loss, postoperative drainage amount, length of hospital stay, pre-and post-operative Cobb angle and anterior vertebral body height ratio were recorded and compared between two groups.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Except two patients in open pedicle screw fixation group were lost after discharge, al other patients were fol owed up for 8-14 months. There were significant differences in operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage amount and length of hospital stay between two groups (P=0.000 0). The post-operative Cobb angle was significantly lower while anterior vertebral body height ratio was significantly higher at one week than those before fixation in two groups (P=0.000 0). No significant difference was found in correction loss between two groups at 8 months after operation. Experimental findings indicate that, percutaneous pedicle screw fixation using Sextant system has a satisfactory outcome in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. However, understanding the correct indications is very important for clinical application.

BACKGROUND:Human leukocyte antigen (HLA), the major histocompatibility complex of human, plays an important function in the transplant rejection. Decreasing the expression of HLA wil prolong the survival time of transplants.
OBJECTIVE:To design smal interfering RNA (siRNA) of HLA-A2 and to detect the effect of siRNA-HLA-A2 on the expression of HLA-A2.
METHODS:Four kinds of siRNA-HLA-A2 domains were designed, and recombinant lentivirus expression vector were formed. The 293T cells, highly expressing HLA-A2, were infected in vitro. Then the knockout efficacy of four domains was detected to select the highly efficient siRNA-HLA-A2 target sequences. The human embryo lung fibroblasts were cultured in vitro and infected with the lentivirus carrying the target sequence. The infecting efficiency of LV-siRNA-HLA-A2 was observed under the fluorescence microscope and the silence function of this siRNA in human embryo lung fibroblasts was detected by western blot analysis.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:According to the mRNA sequence of HLA-A2 in Genbank, three siRNAs were designed and synthesized. In vitro, the over expression of HLA-A2 in 293K cells was successful y silenced. The HLA-A2 expression in human embryo lung fibroblasts was also efficiently silenced after the human embryo lung fibroblasts were infected by the highly efficient siRNA of HLA-A2. The efficacy was up to 80%.

BACKGROUND:Though the effects of conservative or traditional open reduction and internal fixation in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures are reliable and satisfactory for most cases, two methods also have shortages. Minimal-invasive percutaneous pedicle screw system provides a new available method. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the clinical effect of Sextant percutaneous pedicle screw system in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. METHODS:A total of 55 patients, who had undergone percutaneous pedicle screw fixation using Sextant system (25 patients) or traditional open internal fixation (30 patients) for single-level vertebral body compression fractures in Department of Orthopedics of Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University from February 2011 to January 2013, were enrol ed in this study. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Except two patients in traditional open internal fixation group were lost after discharge, al other patients were fol owed up for 8-14 months. Operative time, intraoperative blood loss, postoperative drainage amount and hospital day were better in percutaneous pedicle screw fixation group than in the traditional open internal fixation group (P<0.05). Compared with preoperation, the sagittal Cobb angle, visual analogue scale and Oswestry disability index after operation were significantly lower (P<0.05), while anterior vertebral body height ratio was significantly higher in each group (P<0.05). No significant difference was found in terms of correction loss and Oswestry disability index between two groups at 8 months after operation (P>0.05). The results show that percutaneous pedicle screw fixation using Sextant system has a satisfactory outcome in the treatment of thoracolumbar fractures. However, obeying indication strictly is very important for clinical application.

Objective To find the effect of alter-expressed PER2 on proliferation,apoptosis and other clock genes expression in human oral squamous cell carcinoma SCC15 cells.Methods Short hairpin RNA interference was used to knockdown PER2 in SCC15 human oral squamous cell carcinoma cells.Flow cytometry analysis was used to testify the cell proliferation and apoptosis.Quantitative real-time PCR was used to testify the mRNA expressions of PER3,BMAL1,DEC1,DEC2,CRY2,TIM,RORα,NPAS2,PER1 and REV-ERBα.Results The proliferation was enhanced and apoptosis was decreased after PER2 knockdown in SCC15 cells (P<0.05).The mRNA expression of PER3,BMAL1,DEC1,DEC2,CRY2,TIM,RORα and NPAS2 was significantly down-regulated,and the mRNA expression of PER1 and REV-ERBα was significantly up-regulated (P<0.05).Conclusions Clock gene PER2 plays an important role in regulating other clock genes of the clock gene network in cancer cells,PER2 knockdown can enhance proliferation and recede apoptosis of cancer cell.