Objective To investigate whether HBx alone is sufficient to directly transform the nontransformed immortalized human liver cell line QSG7701 and induce hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo,and to explore preliminarily the pathogenic mechanism of transplantation tumor in nude mice.Methods The pCMVX/QSG7701 cells were vaccinated into subcutaneous tissue of nude mice.The pRcCMV2/QSG7701 and QSG7701 Cells were used as control.At the fifth weeks after vaccination,the nude mice were killed to observe whether a tumor was formed.The activity state and food intake of the nude mice was recorded.The texture,volume,and metastasis of transplantation tumor were observed grossly.The transplantation tumor was observed microscopically on the hematoxylin and eosin (HE) staining section.Immunohistochemical surfactant protein (SP) method was used to analyze the protein expression of mutant p53 and C-Myc genes.Results The transplantation tumor was occurred in all of the six nude mice vaccinated with pCMVX/QSG7701 cells at the second week after vaccination.No metastatic tumor was found in other organs.Transplanted tumor was not formed in all of the negative control groups.HE staining analysis confirmed that the character of transplanted tumor was hepatocellular carcinoma.p53 and C-Myc proteins were expressed in pCMVX/QSG7701,pRcCMV2/QSG7701,and QSG7701 cells,and their expression levels in the pCMVX/QSG7701 cells were significantly higher than those in the pRcCMV2/QSG7701 and QSG7701 cells,respectively(P ＜0.01).Conclusions HBx alone is sufficient to directly transform the non-transformed immortalized human liver cell line QSG7701 and induce hepatocellular carcinoma in vivo through up-regulating the expression of mutant p53 and C-Myc genes.

Animals ; Brain ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred Strains ; Morphinans ; pharmacology ; Morphine Dependence ; metabolism ; Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I ; metabolism

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of servo controlled sevoflurane closed-circuit anesthesia and the feasibility of the predictive and intelligent control.Methods One hundred and forty-three ASA Ⅰ-Ⅲ patients (90 males, 53 females) aged between 3-77 yrs undergoing elective surgery were studied. Anesthesia was induced with intravenous fentanyl 2-3 ?g ?kg-1 , midazolam 0.12 mg?kg-1 and vecuronium 0.1 mg?kg-1 . After tracheal intubation the tracheal tube was connected to the servo-controlled closed-circuit system composed of IBM computer, O2 mass flow controller and electrically controlled sevoflurane injection pump and multifunctional monitor. The fresh gas flow of O2 = [body weight (kg)3/4 ? 10 + 20] ml?min-1 . The end-expired sevoflurane concentration was maintained at 1.3 MAC by predictive and intelligent control.Results The average wash-in time to reach the target concentration was (5.2 ?2.4) min. The O2 flow rate was(0.22?0.04) L?min-1 . The cumulative uptake of sevoflurane was 5.16 ml, 7.74ml, 9.17ml, 11.08ml, 12.57ml, 13.00ml, 14.18ml, 15.60ml, 18.56ml and 24.6 ml at 30, 60, 90, 120, 150, 180, 210, 240, 300 and 420 min respectively. The uptake rate of fluid sevoflurane was equivalent to (0.2673e-0.0598t + 0.2269e-0.0597t + 0.1150e-0.002t) ml?min-1 . Conclusion The servo controlled sevoflurane closed-circuit system can effectively control the pre-set end-tidal sevoflurane concentration in spite of the influence of multiple factors and is safe and effective.

Evidence based medicine is medicine based on evidence and the application of evidence based medicine to laboratory medicine is evidence based laboratory medicine. The major enforcement strategies of evidence based laboratory medicine include: discovering problems and bringing them forward; seeking valuable evidence from the laboratory or relevant literature; making experimental or methodological assessments; application in the practice of clinical laboratory; and evaluating the results of the practice. Evidence based medicine and evidence based laboratory medicine are of great significance to the advancement of laboratory medicine and clinical work.

Esophageal and Gastric Varices ; complications ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage ; complications ; prevention & control ; surgery ; Humans

Objective To find a solution to the long-term storage of enormous amount of imaging data in hospital picture archiving communication system (PACS). Methods Medical imaging data collected by devices of Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine-3 (DICOM3) and non-DICOM3 were transformed into the storage format, metadata instance, and expression pattern of digital images standardized by DICOM3. Based on the requirements of data utilization and storage system and the optimal principle of function and value, the reasonable flow of imaging data in PACS network were scientifically allocated by application of on-line, near-line, and off-line storage patterns and by reasonable allocation of the volume and clusters of storage devices. Results The PACS storage system established by our method, characterized by super capacity of error tolerance, permanent unrestricted storage, quick in retrieval, and quick, convenient and reliable in storage and reading, could meet the requirements of long-term storage and management of enormous amount of medical imaging data. Conclusion Grading storage is the effective method for long-term storage of enormous amount of medical imaging data in PACS.

Objective To study the current status of catheter - related thrombosis(CRT)in Chinese children through a retrospective analysis of the inpatients in the Department of Medicine,Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University. Methods The clinical data of the inpatients with CRT from November 2010 to November 2013 were collected retrospectively,and the causes,clinical symptoms,diagnosis,treatment and prognosis were ana-lyzed. Results There were 42 cases of children with CRT in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated to Capital Medical University. Among the cases,the male to female ratio was 1. 0:0. 5;the median age of onset was 88(2 - 186)months with ﹤ 1 year old counted for 16. 7%(7 / 42 cases)and 13 - 14 years old counted for 11. 9%(5 / 42 cases);the distri-bution differences between the male and the female age were not significant(P = 0. 826). The median time from cathe-terization to CRT onset was 9(1 - 81)days,0 - 10 days after catheterization was the peak of onset(52. 5% ,21 / 40 ca-ses)followed by 10 - 20 days(35. 0% ,14 / 40 cases). The protopathy was usually hematologic tumor,kidney disease or deep fungal infection. Slightly more cases developed CRT on the right side(57. 1% ,24 / 42 cases)than on the left side (38. 1% ,18 / 42 cases). All cases were diagnosed by using B - ultrasound,of whom 28. 6%(12 / 42 cases)were symp-tom - free. After being diagnosed,7. 1%(3 / 42 cases)were treated with conservative methods such as immobilization of the affected limbs and hot compress;7. 1%(3 / 42 cases)had catheter removed;anticoagulant and/ or thrombolytics after catheter removal used in 33. 3% patients(14 / 42 cases). After 1 week,22 cases were reviewed,of whom 54. 5%(12 / 22 cases)had thrombosis reduced(all with intervention),thrombosis growing in 22. 7% patients(5 / 22 cases), and thrombosis did not change in 22. 7% patients(5 / 22 cases). Three cases needed re - catheterization after catheter removal,and all of 3 cases had CRT recurrences(100% ). Conclusions CRT is more common among infants and senior children. CRT usually develops within 20 days after catheterization. Children with hematologic tumor,kidney disease or deep fungal infection are more likely to have CRT. Routine ultrasound test should be conducted to monitor CRT in catheterized children. Once CRT is diagnosed,patients need to be treated with anticoagulants and/ or thrombo-lytics. Catheter should also be removed if necessary. Recatheterization can result in CRT recurrence.

Bicuspid ; Dental Pulp Cavity ; pathology ; Humans ; Mandible ; Root Canal Therapy

Case-based learning model was applied in teaching the course of Clinical Biochem-istry and Diagnosis for postgraduates with professional degree. Dyslipidaemia was chose as teaching content and one distinctly characterized case along with four typical cases were selected. Information of cases and core problems were submitted to students to prepare before the class. In the class, stu-dents were grouped and discussed independently. Students put forward the pathogenesis of the disease and the clinical laboratory test items for diagnosis and differential diagnosis. Teachers should adhere to the following principles: making the class student-centered and highlighting consciousness of stu-dents; creating clinical environment to stimulate enthusiasm for learning; problem-oriented and taking capacity building as the priority. After the class, teaching evaluation was designed to promote the con-tinuous improvement of teaching cases.

Objective To evaluate the effect of debridement hepatectomy with selective hepatopetal blood occlusion in the treatment of severe hepatic trauma.Methods The clinical data of 55 patients with severe hepatic trauma treated by debridement hepatectomy with selective hepatopetal blood occlusion were retrospectively analyzed.20,20 and 15 patients were with grade Ⅲ,Ⅳ and Ⅴ hepatic trauma respectively,combined with major peripheral hepatic vascular injury in 14 cases and with other trauma in 35 cases.Additional procedures including liver suture repair in 7 cases,perihepatic gauze packing in 3 cases,inferior vena cava repair in 5 cases,hepatic vein repair in 4 cases,hepatic vein ligation in 3 cases and hepatic artery ligation in 2 cases were performed.Other operations such as craniotomy debridement in 3 cases,cholecystectomy in 6 cases,T tube drainage of common bile duct in 4 cases,splenectomy in 5 cases,pancreatic tail resection in 2 cases,left kidney resection in 1 case,thoracic cavity closed drainage in 9 cases,partial small bowel resection or repair in 4 cases and stomach repair in 1 case were performed as needed.Results The operations were successful in 47 patients.Postoperative complications were observed in 19 cases (34.5％) including coagulation disorders in 1 case,postoperative abdominal bleeding in 2 cases,intestinal obstruction in 1 case,liver and renal dysfunction in 4 cases,abdominal infection in 3 cases,incision infection in 2 cases,pulmonary infection in 4 cases,pleural effuion in 10 cases.Death occurred in 8 patients (14.5％),the cause of death were hemorrhagic shock in 3 cases,combined with severe craniocerebral injury in 2 cases,septic shock in one case,and multiple organ failure in 2 cases.Conclusions Debridement hepatectomy with slective hepatopetal blood occlusion is an effective treatment for severe hepatic trauma.