Objective To analyze the clinical effect of nutritional support for postoperative patients with esophageal cancer with fat emulsion and amino acids (17) and glucose (11%) injection (Calvin injection). Methods A total of 68 patients with esophageal cancer treated in the chest surgery in our hospital from December 2014 to December 2016 were selected and randomly divided into two groups with 34 cases in each group. All patients were treated with surgery for esophageal cancer. The patients in the study group were treated with Calvin injection after operation while patients in the control group were treated with conventional fluid replacement therapy. Subjective comprehensive assessment (SGA) was used to assess the nutritional status of the patients and the weight, serum total protein (TSP), serum albumin (Alb), transferrin (TF) content, urea nitrogen content in on one week, malnutrition improvement and complications of the patients in two groups were recorded and compared. Results The weight of the patients with esophageal cancer in the two groups after operation was decreased, and the weight loss of the patients in the study group was lower than that of the control group and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The decrease degree of TSP, Alb and TF in the study group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The negative nitrogen balance of the two groups was improved, and the improvement of the negative nitrogen balance in the study group was better than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.01). The postoperative malnutrition in the patients with esophageal cancer was improved. The improvement degree of malnutrition in the study group was better than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). The incidence of complications in the study group was lower than that in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Conclusion Compared with the traditional method of postoperative fluid replacement, Calvin injection can improve the recovery of the body function of the patients with esophageal cancer after operation, improve the patient's negative nitrogen balance and nutritional status, reduce the incidence of complications, and improve the clinical prognosis. This treatment is safer and more effective and it is worth popularizing in clinical practice.

Objective To investigate the variation of coagulation markers and its clinical value in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods The plasma levels of von Willebrand factor: antigen (vWF: Ag), thrombomodulin (TM), prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F 1+2 ) and P selectin were measured by ELISA in 65 patients with type 2 diabetes (including 33 patients with vascular complication) and 38 healthy people. Results The plasma level of vWF:Ag, TM, F 1+2 and P selectin in group of type 2 diabetes were significantly higher than that of normal controls ( P

OBJECTIVETo develop an HILIC method for determination of dencichine in Sanqi tablet and evaluate the quality of Sanqi tablet of different hatches from various manufactures in the market.

METHODThe chromatographic separation was conducted on a Thermo HILIC column (4.6 mm x 250 mm, 5 microm) kept at 25 degrees C with acetonitrile and 0.1% H3PO4 (60:40) as the mobile phase. The flow rate was set at 1 mL x min(-1) and the detection wavelength was set at 213 nm.

RESULTThe contents of dencichine in Sanqi tablet ranged from 1.60 to 4.31 mg x g(-1).

CONCLUSIONThe well established method was successfully applied to determine dencichine in Sanqi tablet. The results demonstrated that this method was simple, accurate and could be applied for quality control of Sanqi as well as its associated preparations.

Electronic case report forms (eCRFs) instead of the traditional paper case report forms (pCRFs) are increasingly used by investigators and sponsors of clinical research. We include a total of 14 phase III studies (8 pCRF, 6 eCRF) to compare paper and electronic data documentation both quantitatively and qualitatively in clinical studies. The result suggests that adaptions of electronic data capture (EDC) in clinical trials have the advantages in optimization of data capture process, improvement of data quality and earlier clinical decision compared to paper-based methods. Furthermore, the successful implementation of EDC requires accouplements with corresponding data management processes and reallocation of resources.
Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic ; Data Collection ; methods ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; methods ; Medical Informatics

Due to a great amount of data in clinical trials, the data cleansing needs to adopt a variety of measures, including the latest developed visual check approach. According to the different types of clinical data and the different stages in the course of clinical data management, this study reviews 8 types of visual graphics that show the relevance and trend among the data. The series of graphics can rapidly detect abnormal data, monitor clinical research in real-time, make the data management process much easier and improve the clinical trial efficiency and data quality.
Clinical Trials as Topic ; standards ; Data Collection ; standards ; Information Storage and Retrieval ; methods

Photothermal therapy (PTT) is a highly effective anti-tumor method. However, when laser radiation was used to ablate tumors, it usually triggers a series of inflammatory reactions, promoting the further development of tumors and affecting the effect of anti-tumor therapy. Therefore, it is an effective method to improve the anti-tumor effect by suppressing the inflammatory response through the precise targeted delivery of anti-inflammatory drug while realizing the photothermal treatment of tumors. To this end, the redox-responsive linker 3,3'-dithiodipropionic acid was used to bond the classic hydrophobic anti-inflammatory drug 18β-glycyrrhetinic acid (18β-GA) and the hydrophilic fragment methoxy-polyethylene glycol (mPEG-NH₂) to obtain redox-responsive amphiphilic polymer PEG-DA-GA in this study. Then, photothermal agent IR-780 was encapsulated to prepare redox-responsive polymer micelle PDG/IR-780 NPs. The PDG/IR-780 NPs exhibited uniform particle size of 80.2 ± 5.3 nm and the polydispersity index (PDI) was 0.215 ± 0.079. All animal experiments followed the ethical requirements formulated by the Ethics Committee of Sichuan University. The results showed that PDG/IR-780 NPs could respond to the abundant glutathione (GSH) in tumor cells to promote the disintegration of nanoparticle and the release of 18β-GA, thus significantly improved the killing efficiency on 4T1 cells, when compared with the non-redox-responsive control PSG/IR-780 NPs. When the concentration of 18β-GA was 50 μg·mL^-1, the cell viability of 4T1 cells in the PDG/IR-780 NPs group was only (19.29 ± 1.80) %, which was significantly lower than the result of in PSG/IR-780 NPs group (29.30 ± 1.37) %. The results of frozen sections of tumor tissues showed that the designed PDG NPs can promote the tumor-targeted distribution of drugs compared with the free drug group. Eventually, PDG/IR-780 NPs achieved wonderful anti-tumor efficacy on 4T1 triple-negative breast cancer model, revealing the new possibility of the combined therapy strategy of photothermal and anti-inflammatory therapy.

AIM: To evaluate the efficacy of FS-LASIK combined with rapid corneal collagen cross-linking in treatment of high myopia.

METHODS: A prospective self-control study. Totally 42 patients(81 eyes)with high myopia treated by FS-LASIK combined with rapid corneal collagen cross-linking in our hospital from June to September 2017 were followed up for 6mo. The uncorrected visual acuity(UCVA), spherical equivalent(SE), corneal morphological parameters, corrected intraocular pressure and complications were observed.

RESULTS: At 6mo after operation, the UCVA(LogMAR)increased from 1.44±0.18 before operation to -0.03±0.04, the SE degree reduced from -8.01±1.23D to -0.06±0.54D, the steepest corneal curvature(Steep K)decreased from 44.23±0.80D to 37.39±1.17D at 6mo after operation, the flattest corneal curvature(Fleep K)decreased from 42.87±0.61D before operation to 36.84±0.99D after operation. And the thinnest point thickness of cornea decreased from 525.33±30.42μm to 402.12±28.04μm, the corrected intraocular pressure decreased from 17.77±2.16mmHg to 16.69±0.41mmHg. There were no significant changes in the posterior surface height of thinnest cornea and the endothelial cell density. No corneal infections, serious non-infectious inflammation and complications related to corneal flaps were found during follow-up.

CONCLUSION: FS-LASIK combined with rapid corneal collagen cross-linking is safe and effective in treatment of high myopia. The corneal morphology and refraction are relatively stable after surgery.

Plant bioreactor called mocular farming has enormous potential to produce recombinant protein infinitely. Products expressed in plants has nature physico-chemical property and bioactivity. Plant bioreactor could be an safe, economic and convenient production system which has been widely applied in industries and agriculture, especially in the life science and pharmaceutical industry. The application of recombinant transgenic plant in the production of vaccines, antibodies and pharmaceutical proteins has become a hot point in the plant genetic engineering both at home and broad. However, there are some limiting factors of application such as yield, downstream processing and so on. The advantages and research progress for the mocular farming of pharmaceutical proteins recent three years was discussed, focusing on the existing problems and new strategies in this area.

Objective To explore ability of the vpr gene of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 ( HIV-1 vpr) to induce cell G_2 arrest and apoptosis, and the influence when it mutated, the relationship between Vpr-induced G_2 arrest and apoptosis inductions. Methods Fourteen mutant vpr fragments selected from Chinese patients with HIV. Both eukaryotic expression vector pcDNA3.1( + ) and PCR products purified, double-cut by Hind Ⅲ and BamH Ⅰ and the cut products legated and transformed into competent cells JM109. The 14 reconstructed plasmids electronically transfected into Jurkat-cells, and established cells with pcDNA3. 1-vpr , pcDNA3. 1-vpr-Fs and pcDNA3. 1 blank cells, and without pcDNA3. 1 cell. Cells were harvested after 24 h. mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR, the DNA content and percentage of apoptosis were monitored by flow cytometry. Results Transfected with 14 mutant HIV-1 Vpr protein, cells display different G_2 percentage and apoptosis ratio. HIV-1 vpr induce cell cycle G_2 arrest and apoptosis, wherase Vpr Fs with a C-terminal end truncation, vector pcDNA3.1( + ) and the blank cells can not. The G_2 percentage and apoptosis ratio reduced when transfected with vpr expressing mutating of 70V, 85P, 86G, 94G compared to the wild type. Subtype AE has a weaker potential to induce cell cycle G_2 arrest and apoptosis. Preliminary, we find that the higher G_2 percentage followed the higher ratio of apoptosis. Conclusion HIV-1 vpr can induce cell cycle G_2 arrest and apoptosis, wherase Vpr Fs with a C-terminal end truncation can not. We firstly found that mutated sites of 70V, 85P, 86G, 94G may reduce the ability of Vpr to induce cell cycle G_2 arrest and apoptosis, subtype AE of vpr in Chinese HIV-1 patients has a weaker potential to induce cell cycle G_2 arrest and apoptosis. Analysis of various mutations in the vpr gene revealed that the extent of Vpr-induced G_2 arrest correlated with the levels of apoptosis. And investigate the pathegenesis of HIV vpr. This can also make a good foundation for further study on gene therapy.

The study is to design chitosan-coated pilocarpine nitrate submicro emulsion (CS-PN/SE) for the development of a novel mucoadhesive submicro emulsion, aiming to prolong the precorneal retention time and improve the ocular absorption. CS-PN/SE was fabricated in two steps: firstly, pilocarpine nitrate submicro emulsion (PN/SE) was prepared by high-speed shear with medium chain triglycerides (MCT) as oil phase and Tween 80 as the main emulsifier, and then incubated with chitosan (CS) acetic solution. The preparation process was optimized by central composite design-response surface methodology. Besides the particle size, zeta potential, entrapment efficiency and micromorphology were investigated, CS-PN/SE's precorneal residence properties and miotic effect were especially studied using New Zealand rabbits as the animal model. When CS-PN/SE was administered topically to rabbit eyes, the ocular clearance and the mean resident time (MRT) of pilocarpine nitrate were found to be dramatically improved (P < 0.05) compared with PN/SE and pilocarpine nitrate solution (PNs), since the K(CS-PN/SE) was declined to 0.006 4 +/- 0.000 3 min(-1) while MRT was prolonged up to 155.4 min. Pharmacodynamics results showed that the maximum miosis of CS-PN/SE was as high as 46.3%, while the miotic response lasted 480 min which is 255 min and 105 min longer than that of PNs and PN/SE, respectively. A larger area under the miotic percentage vs time curve (AUC) of CS-PN/SE was exhibited which is 1.6 folds and 1.2 folds as much as that of PNs and PN/SE, respectively (P < 0.05). Therefore, CS-PN/SE could enhance the duration of action and ocular bioavailability by improving the precorneal residence and ocular absorption significantly.
Absorption ; Animals ; Area Under Curve ; Biological Availability ; Chitosan ; chemistry ; Cornea ; metabolism ; Emulsions ; Microscopy, Electron, Transmission ; Miotics ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Ophthalmic Solutions ; Particle Size ; Pilocarpine ; administration & dosage ; chemistry ; pharmacokinetics ; Rabbits ; Random Allocation ; Solubility ; Tears ; metabolism