0.05) were found in ejection fraction (EF), fractional shortening of left ventricle (DD), blood flow velocity through aortic valve, blood flow velocity through pulmonary valve, E peak velocity of mitral valve, left atrial end-systolic anterior-posterior diameter, left ventricular end-systolic anterior-posterior diameter, left ventricular end-systolic left-right diameter and left ventricular end-diastolic left-right diameter after 2-4 hours of +Gz exposure. A peak velocity in mitral valve slightly increased (P

AIM:To compare the synthesis efficiency of n3 and n6 very long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid ( VLC-PUFA ) by overexpressing ELOVL4 protein, providing guidance for treating Stargardt-like macular dystrophy (STGD3).
METHODS:To establish recombinant adenovirus with the ELOVL4 protein and green fluorescent protein, transferred into cultured PC12 cells. The cells were divided into 3 groups: PC12, PC12 + Ad- GFP and PC12 + Ad-ELOVL4, former two groups serve as controls. ELOVL4 gene expression was quantified by qRT-PCRs. ELOVL4 protein was analyzed by Western - Blot ( WB ) . The transduced cells were treated with both EPA and AA (1:1). After 48h of incubation, cells were collected, total lipids extracted and fatty acid methyl esters prepared and analyzed by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry ( GC-MS) .
RESULTS:When supplemented together, 20:5n3 (EPA) and 20:4n6 ( AA) were efficiently taken up at almost the same amounts in the PC12 cells regardless of ELOVL4 expression. The ELOVL4-expressing cells elongated both EPA and AA to a series of n3 and n6 VLC-PUFAs. From 20:5n3/EPA, 34:5n3 and 36:5n3 account for 0. 71% and 1.6%, respectively. From 20:4n6/DHA, 34:4n6 and 36:4n6 were only 0. 46% and 0. 61%, respectively. The total relative mol% of n3 VLC-PUFAs synthesized from EPA was almost two times that of n6 VLC-PUFAs synthesized from AA.
CONCLUSION: ELOVL4 protein preferentially elongates n3 PUFA to VLC - PUFAs over n6 PUFA. Dietary supplementation of appropriate n3/n6 PUFAs may provide STGD3 patients with some therapeutic benefits.

Objective:To optimize the formula of film-forming materials for compound rhizoma corydalis plastics. Methods:Poly-vinyl alcohol 124 (PVA124) and bletilla striata gum were selected as the film-forming materials. The amounts of PVA 124, bletilla striata gum, glycerol and absolute ethanol were used as the influencing factors in an orthogonal test with the composite score of film-forming time and appearance as the indices to screen out the best composition of film-forming materials. Results:The best composition of film-forming materials was as follows:8 g PVA 124, 1 g bletilla striata gum, 2 ml glycerol and 15 ml ethanol. Conclusion:The op-timized film-forming materials can be used for the preparation of compound rhizoma corydalis plastics.

Objective:To investigate the clinicopathological features and differential diagnosis of 2 patients with renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma (AML), representing 5.4 % of a series of 37 patients undergoing biopsy for renal tumors. Methods:The histopathological, immunohistochemical and clinical characteristics of renal epithelioid angiomyolipoma were studied by immunohistochemical stain for melanoma marker (HMB45), (Pan)melanoma marker Ab-1,cytokeratin (CK), smooth muscle actin (SMA), epithelial membrane antigen (EMA),vimentin (Vim), p53, proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA), Ki67 antigen. Results:Two patients,aged 31 and 39,were alive for 8 and 10 months,respectively.Microscopically, both tumors were mainly made up of diffuse sheets of epithelioid cells and scattered thick-walled blood vessels, necrosis was account for up to 30% of the mass. The epithelioid cells had huge, extremely pleomorphic nuclei with abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm. Scattered tumor giant cells with prominent nuclei were also seen. The epithelioid AML regions of these tumors were immunoreactive for HMB45, (Pan)melanoma marker Ab-1, SMA, Vim and PCNA. Neither atypical epithelioid cells nor typical AML cells were immunoreactive for cytokeratin (CK) and epithelial membrane antigen (EMA).Conclusion: The results of this study suggested that the renal epithelioid AML was a mild malignant tumor before distant metastases. The differential diagnosis between renal malignant AML and sarcomatoid renal cell carcinoma was established by immunohistochemical findings.

Objective To investigate the value of combined use of laparoscopic cholecystectomy(LC)and duodenoscopic procedures in the treatment of gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones.Methods We retrospectively analyzed clinical data of 164 cases of gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones treated with laparoscopic cholecystectomy + endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)from January 2003 to December 2007.Results All the cases underwent ERCP and endoscopic sphincterotomy(EST)followed by LC.In the 164 cases,196 bile duct stones were extracted from 155cases with a success rate of 94.5%.The procedures were unsuccessful in 9 cases,and among them,4 cases had stricture of bile duct more than 2 cm in length,and 5 cases had impacted stones that precluded passage of the guide wire.After EST,6 of the 155 cases had the complication of mild acute pancreatitis and LC was performed after its treatment.The success rate of LC was 96.5% and the average hospital stay was(11?4)d.Conclusions The combined use of EST and ERCP before LC is effective in treatment of gallbladder stones with common bile duct stones,and has broadened the utilization of minimally invasive treatment for bile duct diseases.

Objective To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of immunosuppression regimens,postoperative complications,dead causes and risk factors of lung transplantation (LTx).Methods The immunosuppression regimens and clinical data of 100 patients with end-stage lung diseases receiving LTx in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed between Sept.2002 to Dec.2010.There were 72 patients subject to single LTx and 28 patients to bilateral LTx,amongst them 61 patients received LTx under circulation support,including 5 cases of cardopulmonary bypass (CPB) support and 56 cases of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) support.The immunosuppression regimens including Cyclosporin,mycophemolate Mofeil and corticosteroids were utilized in 53 recipients before the year of 2007,and Cyclosporin was switched to Tacrolimus in 47 patients after 2007.All the patients received Daclizumab or Basiliximab as immunosuppression induction regimens.Results The 1-,2-,3-and 5-year survival rate after LTx was 73.3％,61.6％,53.5％ and 40.7％ respectively.The mean survival time post-transplant in the patients who received Cyclosporin-based regimens and Tacrolimus-based regimens were (36.57 ± 3.44) months and (35.00 ± 2.33) months,repectively,with no significant differences (P＞0.05).The main causes of mortality included primary graft dysfunction (PGD),acute rejection (AR),bronchiolitis obliterans (BOS) and sepsis.The incidence of AR and BOS in Tacrolimus group was significantly lower than that in Cyclosporin grou (P ＜0.05),but the incidence of diabetes mellitus was significantly higher in Tacrolimus group.Analysis of Spearman rank correlation revealed that there was a direct correlation between the incidence of AR and BOS (r =0.340,P＜0.01).The use of circulation support,diagnosis of IPF,postoperative complications such as AR,BOS and infection were associated with decreased survival time postoperatively,in both univariate and multivariate proportional hazards regression models (P＜0.05).Conclusion Cyclosporin-and Tacrolimus-based regimens were both effective immunosuppression strategies postoperatively,Consummate follow-up surveillance and prompt treatment of complications were the key points in prolongation of survival time and improving quality of life after LTx.

Objective To investigate the changes of gastrin(GAS) and somatostatin(SS) in diabetic gastroparesis (DGP). Methods Totally 103 patients were divided into normal control group (n =17),simple gastroparesis(GP) group (n =30),simple diabetes mellitus(DM) group (n =23) and diabetes mellitus complicated with gastroparesis (DGP) group (n =33). Radioimmunity and RT-PCR were performed to detect the serum GAS and SS levels and the mRNA expression in the gastric mucosa tissue of 4 groups. Results There were significant differences in the serum levels and protein expression of GAS and SS between simple gastroparesis group,simple diabetes mellitus group, DGP group and the normal control group(P< 0.05). The differences between DGP group and normal control group was the most significant (P< 0.01), the differences between DGP group and the simple gastroparesis group or simple diabetes mellitus group were significant (P< 0.05). Contusion The increase of GAS and decrease of SS may play an important role in the occurrence and development of DGP.

Objective To evaluate the safety of central lymph node dissection with total thyroidectomy for papillary thyroid carcinoma. Methods A meta-analysis on the data of suitable seven clinical researches was performed using the Mantel-Haenszel method and the risk difference was calculated.Results Seven studies with a total of 1524 patients were eligible for inclusion, 620 were with totalthyroidectomy plus central lymph node dissection and 904 with thyroidectomy alone. There was a significant increased risk of temporary hypocalcaemia ( P = 0. 03 ) and temporary vocal cord palsy ( P = 0. 01 ) when central lymph node dissection was performed in addition to a thyroidectomy. However, the risk of permanent hypocalcaemia( P = 0. 32 ) and permanent vocal cord palsy (P = 0. 75 ) has no statistical difference between the two groups. Conclusion Central neck dissection added to thyroidectomy does not increase rate of permanent morbidity in thyroid cancer patients.

The solvent sublation technique was applied for the separation and enrichment of L-Arg using dodecylbenzene sulfonic (DBSA) as the surfactant, di (2-ethylhexyl) phosphoric acid (P204) as the extractant and n-heptane as the organic solution. The solvent sublation was compared with the floatation complexation extraction, foam floatation and solvent extraction. The experimental results showed that enrichment ratio of 16.2 and removal rate of 97.2% to L-Arg were obtained by the solvent sublation under the conditions of room temperature, 0.09 g/L L-Arg aqueous solution 250 mL, DBSA concentration 0.15 g/L, the initial pH 7.0, volume of n-heptane 10 mL, volume of P204 4.5 mL, gas flow rate of 200 mL/min. The study of the kinetics indicated that the solvent sublation process could be divided into three stages distinctly. The processes of the first stage and the second stage followed the first order kinetics equation; the process of the third stage followed the zero order kinetics equation. The separation mechanism of solvent sublation was also discussed.

Objective To evaluate the safety of performing thyroidectomy together with central lymph node dissection(CLND). Methods Meta analysis was performed on 7 selected clinical papers using MantelHaenszel method and relative risk was calculated. Results A total of 1524 patients were eligible to be included,among whom 904 cases underwent thyroidectomy alone and 620 cases underwent total thyroidectomy combined with CLND. The risk rate of temporary hypocalcemia and temporary vocal cord palsy for CLND was 24. 77% and 9. 12% respectively, which was higher than that in performing thyroidectomy alone. However, the risk of permanent hypocalcemia and permanent vocal cord palsy had no statistic difference between the two groups. Conclusion As there is no increased morbidity of CLND, it is prudently suggested to give a prophylactic CLND for patients with high risk of thyroid papillary carcinoma.