Objective To investigate whether the mortality and death causes of renal transplant recipients have changed from 1985 to 2002 in our center.Methods 145 cases of renal transplant recipients who died during 1985 to 2002 were divided into 3 groups: 1985 to 1990,1991 to 1996,1997 to 2002. The death causes and the mortality on the 1st ,2nd,3rd,4th and 5th year post transplant of each group were reviewed.Results During the three periods,the 1st,2nd,and 3rd year mortality was decreased. Infection as a cause of death fell from 31.8 % to 29.2 % and 26.7 % . Whereas death from liver disease,cancer and cardiovasvular diseases was increased.Conclusions The mortality is decreased. Infection,cardiovascular diseases,liver diseases and cancer were the main causes of death after transplantation from 1985 to 2002. It is important to prevent these diseases and treat them effectively in order to improve the recipients' survival rate.

The 50% inhibition doses ( ID50 ) of tetrandrine and demethyl tetrandrine on DNA synthesis in L7712 and Sl80 cells are 2.6, 3 .5mg/ L and 27.5, 24.5mg/L respectively. The DNA synthesis inhibition is likely due to DNA template damage caused by both natural products. The inhibition of DNA, RNA and protein syntheses by tetrandrine or demethyl tetrandrine increased with incubating time. The inhibiting activities of two natural products on DNA and RNA synthesis are s-tronger than on protein. There are no differences either in inhibiting activity or in inhibiting mechanism between two natural products.

Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Microphthalmia-Associated Transcription Factor ; genetics ; Mutation ; Waardenburg Syndrome ; genetics

Objective To explore the effects of electro-acupuncture combined with surface gastric pacing on gastrointestinal dysfunction for patients with spinal cord injury (SCI).Methods Seventy-five SCI patients with gastrointestinal dysfunction were divided randomly into an electro-acupuncture group (group A),a gastric pacing treatment group (group B) and a group for which electro-acupuncture was combined with gastric pacing (group C).There were 25 cases in each group.Members of group A were given 30 minutes of electro-acupuncture per day ; those of group B had 30 minutes of gastric pacing treatment twice per day ; group C was provided with both 30 minutes of electro-acupuncture and one 30-minute gastric pacing treatment per day.All of the interventions lasted ten days.Before and after the treatment,all patients were assessed using a clinical symptoms score and with electrogastrograms,and any adverse effects were observed.Results There was a significant improvement in upper abdominal pain and epigastric discomfort,bloating and early satiety,nausea,vomiting,as well as belching and loss of appetite in each group after treatment.Before treatment there was no significant difference in the average clinical symptom scores of the three groups.After treatment the values had decreased,and those of group C were significantly lower than group A or B.The average scores of groups B and A were not significantly different.The electrogastrogram results showed than after treatment there was significant improvement in N％ and T％ in groups A and B,and also significant improvement in N％,B％ and T％ in group C compared to before treatment.Group C's improvements were all significantly greater than those observed in groups A and B.Conclusion Electro-acupuncture or gastric pacing alone can give some improvement in gastrointestinal function and its electrophysiological indicators,but their combined effects are better than when either is used alone.

Objective With the increasing of the CT examination, the dose of x-ray has been brought to public attention. For the sake of making the MDCT technology better applied, available optimal technology has to be used to reduce the x-ray dose to the patients. Methods Many optimal technologies were involved in, such as ECG modulation, cardiac bowtie, 3D dose modulation, compact geometry design, electron collector and speed 4D CARE dose. Results The result of the research showed that the dose of scanning x-ray of CT could be decreased sharply by using optimal technologies. The Q2 values was the standard which could well evaluate the quality of the CT′s images and the dose of x-ray. Conclusion The quality of images and the dose of x-ray can′t be separated, which must be quoted together.

Objective To compare the values of 3D-SPACE sequence and 2D-TSE sequence for displaying the anatomical details of the sinus tarsi ligament of the ankle.Methods 1.5T Siemens Auanto MRI scanner and 8-channel skull phased array coil were used for the examination of 26 healthy volunteers with 3D-SPACE three-dimensional isotropic sectional scanning as well as 2D-T1WI-TSE transverse and 2D-T2WI-TSE coronal sagittal two-dimensional fast spin echo scan.Two senior MRI radiologists evaluated the display rates of the two sequences for the cervical ligament of sinus tarsi and talus ligament so as to determine the values of the two sequences for displaying the cervical ligament of sinus tarsi.Results 3D-SPACE sequence behaved significantly better than 2D sequence when used to display the sinus tarsi ligament (P＜0.05),and the display rates were statistically different at different positions (P＜0.05).3D-SPACE sequence gained obvious advantages over 2D conventional TSE sequence when used to display the cervical ligament of sinus tarsi and talus ligament,and the highest display rate occurred in case of the cervical ligament of sinus tarsi scanned with 3D-SPACE coronal view and in case of the talus ligament scanned at coronal and sagittal positions.Conclusion 3D-SPACE sequence can display clearly the anatomical details of the sinus tarsi ligament with multiplanar reconstruction,curved planar reformation and etc,and thus is worthy promoting clinically.

Objective To investigate the differences in sex hormone levels between hypospadias and circumcision groups.Methods Fifty cases of circumcision and 137 cases of hypospadias the dihydmtestosterone (DHT) value was tested with radioimmunoassay,and testosterone was tested with lightimmunoassay.Results DHT value was (64.51 ±32.10)pg/ml in circumcision group,and (46.72 ±28.94)pg/ml in hypospadias group (P ＜0.05).DHT value in hypospadias type Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅲ,and Ⅳ were (50.20 ±32.90)pg/ml,(46.63 ±25.67)pg/rnl,(51.60 ±32.16)pg/ral,and (39.02 ±26.32)pg/ml,respectively (P =0.29).The differences between circumcision and hypospadias groups were statistically significant (P =0.00).Luteinizing hormone (LH) and testosterone (T) in children with hypospadias were significantly lower than those in children in the circumcision group (P ＜ 0.05).No statistically significant difference was found between two groups in follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH),estradiol (F2),and prolactin (PRL) (P ＞ 0.05).No statistically significant differences were found in FSH among all types of hypospadias (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusions Inadequate secretion of T or activity insufficiency and functional deficiency of 5 alpha reductase (SRD5A) are likely found in children with hypospadia.Inadequate secretion and low T value might be found in LH-T shaft in children with hypospadia.The normal T value in some children with hypospadia does not show that androgens produced during pregnancy are normal.

Humans ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial ; Rhinitis, Allergic, Seasonal

Objective To study the relationship between the reexpression of nestin protein and the expression of basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) protein in cerebral ischemia. Methods By using rat permanent cerebral ischemia as a model, immunohistochemical staining was used to observe the expression of nestin protein and the bFGF protein 1,3,7,14 and 28 days after cerebral ischemia. Results The number of nestin cells around the ischemic area increased 1 to 3 days after cerebral ischemia,but it decreased 7 days after cerebral ischemia. However, the number of bFGF cells around the ischemic area increased obviously 14 days after cerebral ischemia, but it decreased 28 days after cerebral ischemia. Conclusion Reexpression of nestin protein around ischemic cerebral tissues does not need the nourishment and susteinance of bFGF protein; nestin cells around ischemic foci are originated from astrocytes which replay the course of fetation.

Objective To discuss the role of leukocyte activation and inflammatory processes in the disease of chronic venous insufficiency(CVI).Methods The relevant literatures about the role of leukocyte activation and in- flammatory reaction in CVI were reviewed.Results The role of inflammatory reaction in occurrence and develop- ment of venous diseases has been studied a lot in recent years.It was found that the leukocyte activation and inflam- matory reaction are involved in the structural remodeling of venous valves and walls,leading to valvular incompe- tence and formation of varicose veins.Conclusion Leukocyte activation and inflammatory processes take important roles in the occurrence and progression of CVI.