Bedside ultrasonography is used to provide information about the cardiovascular system and the function and anatomy of certain internal organs,and help to guide the invasive procedures.Compared to traditional ultrasonography,bedside ultrasonography is more focused on the optimization of the treatment.It has become a necessary tool,as a powerful adjunct to the physical examination,in the management of critically ill patients in advanced countries.The development trend is the clinical protocol based on bedside ultrasonog-raphy.The application of bedside ultrasonography in China is limited,especially in PICU.Standardized educa-tion and quality assurance system are needed to its popularization.

Pediatric invasive fungal disease( IFD)often lacks characteristic clinical manifestations and imaging changes. It is a severe disease in ICU and is unlikely to be diagnosed early. The diagnosis of IFD is typically based on laboratory tests targeting at the population at risk. The laboratory tests for IFD generally include direct tests( smear microscopy,fungal culture,histopathologic examination,etc. ),serologic tests( tests for 1,3-β-D dextran and galactomannan,etc. ),and certain progresses have been made in molecular biologi-cal tests in recent years. It is key to diagnosis of IFD to use laboratory tests rationally and accurately interpret the laboratory results.

Maternal heart disease has emerged as one of the major diseases threatening pregnant women's safety and long-term cardiovascular health. It is worth noting that there is a large gap in pregnancy prognosis with various cardiovascular diseases. The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists (ACOG) has published a practice bulletin named "Pregnancy and Heart Disease" in April 2019, which addressed the prevalence, risk factors, and heart disease effects on pregnancy and the puerperium. It outlined the common types and tiered care recommendations for cardiovascular diseases during pregnancy and puerperium.

Human biological activities last with the production of bioelectrical phenomenon.Once this electrophysiologieal environment changes,the body will be suffering from illness.Based on the development of electrophysiological and electrical stimulation,researchers have proven that electrical stimulation is beneficial to the improvement of function and statue of human body.As we know,many pathological changes such as wound healing,tissue regeneration,tumor growth and metastasis are all accompanied by neovascularization as well as hioelectrical phenomenon.This paper sives a review ofthe recent development of study on electrical stimulation effects on theneovascularization.

Child ; Continuous Positive Airway Pressure ; Humans ; Pediatrics

Antiporters ; genetics ; Base Sequence ; Female ; Glycogen Storage Disease Type I ; diagnosis ; genetics ; Humans ; Infant ; Monosaccharide Transport Proteins ; genetics ; Mutation ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Sequence Analysis, DNA

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are evolutionarily conserved small noncoding RNAs of-22 nucleotides that exist in a wide variety of organisms,including animals,plants and virus.Mature miRNAs are able to control gene expression at a post-transcriptional level,either by blocking mRNA translation or inducing their degradation.Hepatitis B virus X protein (HBX) is a 17000 protein that is implicated to play a crucial role in hepatocarcinogenesis.Recently,many studies have shown that HBX is associated with miRNA regulation,and is involved in regulating fundamental biological processes of tumor in cell proliferation,differentiation and apoptosis.

Objective To identify the problem in the diagnosis and report of different types of malaria in China and provide evidence for making malaria control and elimination strategy and measurement. Methods All data are obtained from Disease Reporting Information System of China CDC, and the percentages, diagnosis methods and onset-diagnosis duration are described and compared among different malaria types and various report institutions. Results The overall number of reported cases declined by 71.77% during 2005-2008, with a relatively high percent for type-unconfirmed malaria. The percentages of laboratory diagnosis for falciparum malaria and vivax malaria were 91.44% and 71.14%, respectively. 28.22% of vivax malaria were diagnosed by using clinical diagnosis method, and 22.45% of type-unconfirmed malaria by using laboratory diagnosis method. 37.54% of falciparum malaria and 71.79% of vivax malaria were reported by hospitals in villages and towns, and 33.41% of falciparum malaria by general hospitals. The onset-diagnosis durations for falciparum malaria, vivax malaria and type-unconfirmed malaria were 72 h, 96 h and 72 h, respectively. Conclusions The laboratory diagnosis level is not good enough, though it is the main method for malaria diagnosis in China. The ability of laboratory diagnosis for malaria should be further strengthened in gross root medical institutions to reach the goal of malaria elimination.

The concentrations of serum lipids, lipoproteins and apoprotein AI, B100, CⅡ and CⅢ are determined in 32 obese children and age- and sex-matched healthy children. This study aims: 1. to know whether obesity can affect the levels of serum lipids and apoproteins. 2. to understand the correlation between degree of obesity and serum lipids and apoproteins. 3. to study the mechanism of change of serum lipids. In obese subjects, the levels of HDL-C, APO-AI, HDL-C/TC and APO-CⅡ/CⅢ decreased significantly and are negatively correlated to degree of obesity. The levels of TG, VLDL-C, APO-B100, APO-CⅡ and atherosclerosis index increased significantly and are positively correlated to degree of obesity. The levels of cholesterol, LDL-C and APO-CⅡ revealed no change. Multiple correlation analysis showed that TSFT was closely related to HDL-C, STR was closely related to VLDL and APO-C Ⅱ/CⅢ. The mechanism of change of serum lipids and apoprotein is disscused. These results suggest: 1) Obesity can affect the levels of serum lipids and apoproteins. 2) The change of apoprotein and regional fat distribution is a major cause of change of serum lipids. 3) Obese children are at risk to atherosclerosis.

Objective To evaluate cortisol level in experimental frequent febrile seizures model rats.Methods Rats were divided into 3 groups: normal control group(n=10,NC group),hyperthermic control group(n=12,HC group) and febrile seizures group(n=21,FS group).Cortisol level in serum and hippocampus of rats were determined by ELISA.Ultrastructural changes of neurons in hippocampal region CA1 was observed by electron microscop.Results 1.No special ultrastructual findings were observed from neurons in hippocampal CA1 in NC and HC group.In FS group,the neuronal degeneration and edema,the mitochondrial degeneration and edema,the mitochondrion ridge obscured or disappeared.2.Cortisol levels in serum and hippocampus in FS group [(26.57 ? 15.94)?g/L and((4.11)?1.74)?g/L,respectively] were significantly lower than those in HC group [(40.04 ? 15.72)?g/L and(6.70?3.45)?g/L,respectively](P0.05).Positive correlations were demonstrated between serum cortisol level and hippocampus cortisol level(r=0.40 P