Glucagon-like poptide-1 (GLP-1) is an incretin secreted by the enteroendocrine L cells of the gut. Upon the activation of GLP-1 receptor, adenylyl cyclase is activated and cAMP is generated, leading to the activation of protein kinase A and Epac signal pathway. GLP-1 could also activate calcium/calmodulin pathway as well as mitogen-activated protein kinases and phosphatidyl inositol-3 kinase pathway. GLP-1 not only stimulates the phase 1 and phase 2 insulin secretion, but also increases insulin synthesis. GLP-1 also stimulates proliferation and differentiation of islet β-cells, and protects β-cell from apoptosis and modulates endoplasmic reticulum stress response leading to promotion of β-cell adaptation and survival.

Objective To explore the application value of shenjindan capsule combined with comprehensive rehabilitation training on limb function recovery in patients with shoulder hand syndrome.MethodsA total of 90 patients with shoulder-hand syndrome who were treated in our hospital from January 2014 to June 2015 were enrolled in this study.All subjects were randomly divided into three groups using a randomized, 30 cases.Group A was treated only with oral Yanjin Dan capsule, group B was only integrated rehabilitation training, group C was treated with Yanjin Dan capsule and comprehensive rehabilitation training program.Comparison of limb function, life ability recovery and treatment efficiency.ResultsThe scores of FIM score (102.14±6.78) and ADL score (81.65±6.02) in group C were higher than those in group A[(89.32±6.78), (63.56±5.90)] and group B[90.22±6.49), (65.21±6.44)], the difference was significant (P<0.05).The total effective rate of group C was 90.00%, which was significantly better than that of group A (66.67%) and group B (63.33%), the difference was significant (P<0.05).ConclusionShenjindan capsule combined with comprehensive rehabilitation training can significantly improve the limb function of patients with shoulder hand syndrome and clinical treatment effect.

Objective To investigate the influence of maternal and child care bedside on early development of newborns and maternal depression and anxiety,lactation.Methods From January 2013 to June 2015,120 cases of healthy full -term newborns and maternal admitted in our hospital were randomly divided into control group and observation group,60 cases in each group.The two groups of newborns and mothers were given routine care,including care and neonatal umbilical buttocks care,maternity care,including genital or abdominal incision dressing,newborns were routinely vaccinated.In the control group,the newborns were taken to a public bath chamber concentrated bath. The observation group was implemented maternal and child care bedside manner Based on this,at the bedside of the newborn bathing and massage,swimming daily with newborns.Anxiety score (SAS)and depression scale score (SDS)for depression and anxiety were evaluated before and after the two groups of mothers nursing,and maternal milk yield variation were observed at different time,measured neonatal neurological assessment score (NBNA)and height,body mass index,head circumference growth.Results After treatment,the SAS and SDS scores of mothers of the two groups were decreased compared with before treatment,which in the observation group decreased more significantly, the differences were statistically significant (t =3.46,4.21,all P <0.05).After care,the maternal milk productions of the two groups started to grow,which of the observation group were always increased better than the control group, the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =9.34,4.53,6.79,all P <0.05).The newborn NBNA scores,head circumference,height,improvement in the quality index of growth in the observer group were better than the control group,the differences were statistically significant (t =1.98,1.65,2.73,3.63,all P <0.05).Conclusion Maternal and child bedside care can significantly improve maternal depression and anxiety scores,increase maternal lactation, and has a certain role in promoting early neonatal development,it is worth clinical application.

Objective To evaluate the effect of metformin on endothelial function in women with polycystic ovary syndrome.Methods 30 women with PCOS were enrolled.Metformin were taken 500mg three times a day contiguously using 3 months.Before and after treatment flow-mediated EDD function and other clinical metabolic parameters,such as serum endothelin-1,insulin,testosterone,glucose,lipid,waist-hip ratio,body mass index.Results After the treatment of metformin in study group,WHR,BMI and endothelin-1 have no significant difference compared with before the treatment(P＞0.05).But the changes of brachial artery diameter and HDL were increasing and LH/FSH,T,insulin,HOMA-IR,TG and LDL were significant decreasing after the treatment in study group compared with before the treatment(P＜0.05).There was no significant difference in WHR,BMI,endothelin-1,the changes of brachial artery diameter,LH/FSH,T,insulin,HOMA-IR,TG and LDL between the study group after the treatment with the control group.Meanwhile,HDL were significant increasing in the study group after the treatment compared with the control group(P＜0.05).Conclusion There are impaired endothelial function and insulin resistance in women with PCOS.After the treatment with metrormin,the endothelial function and insulin resistance could be improved.

Objective To study the glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase(G6PD)genotypes in the children of viral hepatitis with G6PD deficiency and investigate the relationship between G6PD deficiency and viral hepatitis.Method DNA samples of 18 children with viral hepatitis/ G6PD deficiency were studied for the 3 common mutations by using the natural primers or mismatched primers mediated PCR followed by restriction enzyme analysis and their clinical manifestation was analyzed.Results Among 18 cases,8 cases were G1388A,and 4 cases were G1376T,and 1 case was A95G.The 3 mutations of G1388A,G1376T and A95G added up to 72.22%.There were no significant difference between the patients with viral hepatitis/ G6PD deficiency and the children only with G6PD deficiency.The incidence rates of acute hemolysis and acute renal failure in the viral hepatitis/G6PD deficiency patients were higher than those in children with G6PD deficiency only.Conclusions It is supposed that the G6PD deficiency is primary in the patients of viral hepatitis with G6PD deficiency.The children of viral hepatitis with G6PD deficiency have more severe pathogenetic conditions and more complications than the children with G6PD deficiency only.

Objective To investigate the distribution of vitamin D receptor(VDR) gene BsmI and Tru9I site gene polymorphism in children in Guangxi region.Methods Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method and DNA sequencing technology were used to analyze the VDR genotype in 268 healthy children [including 143 boys and 125 girls which aged (4.15?0.63) years] in Guangxi region.Hardy-Weinberg balance analysis was used to check up the samples.Results There were 246 cases which were bb genotgpes in BsmI site and 21 cases which were Bb genotypes and 1 case which was BB genotypes in 268 cases.The frequency of bb,Bb and BB in BsmI site were 91.79%,7.84% and 0.37%,respectively.Frequencies of b and B allelic gene were 95.71% and 4.29%;There were 12 cases which were tt genotypes in Tru9I site and 85 cases which were Tt genotypes and 171 cases which were TT genotypes in all 268 cases.tt,Tt and TT in Tru9I site were 4.48%,31.72% and 63.80%,respectively.Frequencies of t and T allelic genes were 20.34% and 79.66%.The result of PCR-RFLP was according to the result of DNA sequencing.The samples had group representation through Hardy-Weinberg balance analysis.Conclusions The polymorphism frequency and distribution of VDR gene BsmI and Tru9I site gene polymorphism of children in Guangxi region of China exhibit its own characteristics.BB and tt genotypes minority.

Idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura(ITP) has been confirmed a clinical syndrome because platelets are much destroyed by immunologic mechanism,it is also called immunethrombocytopenic purpura.The pathogenesis of that is very multiplicity,and at present it isn′t understood.This review article is about study progress of B lymphocyte abnormal and the possible pathogenesis of ITP in children.

Objective To study whether Clonorchis sinensis eggs were involved in the pathogen esis of gallbladder stones.Method From March to August 2011,the gallbladder stones from 183 patients were studied using microscopic examination and FTIR spectroscopy.Twenty egg-positive and 20egg-negative gallbladder stones found under microscopic examination were chosen randomly and analyzed through real-time fluorescent PCR and scanning electron microscopy.Results Eggs were detected in 118 of 183 gallbladder stones.The eggs were preliminarily diagnosed as Clonorchis sinensis eggs using the morphologic characteristics under light microscope.The results of real-time fluorescent PCR showed eggs in the gallbladder stones were Clonorchis sinensis eggs.The 118 egg-positive gallbladder stones were composed of 97 pigment stones,21 mixed stones and no cholesterol stones.The detection rate of Clonorchis sinensis eggs in pigment stones were the highest among the three types of gallbladder stones (P＜0.001).The 20 egg-positive stones were observed by scanning electronic microscopy:dozens or even hundreds of Clonorchis sinensis eggs were visible under 400 times magnification; and a dozen or even dozens of Clonorchis sinensis eggs and the surrounding particles were adherent to or parceled with each other under 1000 times magnification.While under 3000 times magnification,uneven texture was seen on the surface of eggs with pieces being shed from some eggs.Some eggs were hollow or without cover.Most of them were adherent to or wrapped with amorphous particles or mucoid matter.Conclusions A large amount of Clonorchis sinensis eggs were detected in gallbladder stones.Clonorchis sinensis eggs were associated with the formation of gallbladder stones,especially with pig ment stones.

Objective To investigate the role of nentrophils in the pathogenesis of psoriasis vulgaris. Methods Neutrophils were isolated from venous blood samples of 25 patients with psoriasis vulgaris (including 13 cases of active psoriasis and 12 cases of inactive psoriasis) as well as 25 normal human con-trols, and cultured. Then, these neutrophils were grouped and treated with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, 100 g/L),CpG-A (50 mg/L), CpG-B (50 mg/L), and RPMI 1640 culture medium, respectively, for 24 hours followed by the collection of culture supematants. Human keratinocytes (HaCaT) were cultured in the presence of su-pematants of treated or untreated nentrophils for 72 hours followed by the detection of cell proliferation with MTT assay. To determine the role of proinflammatory factors, SOD/CAT and monoclonal antibody to IL-8 and TNF-alpha of 400 u/mL were used to pretreat HaCaT cells 1 hour prior to the stimulation with super-natants of neutrophils. Results Compared with culture medium, the supematant of unstimulated neutrophils from normal controls or patients with inactive psoriasis had no significant effect on the proliferation of HaCaT cells (P ＞ 0.05), but that from patients with active psoriasis markedly promoted the proliferation of HaCaT cells (t = 2.41, P < 0.05). ARe, stimulation by LPS, CpG-A and CpG-B, the supematant of active patient-derived neutrophils significantly promoted the proliferation of HaCaT cells compared with that of normal control-derived nentrophils (t = 3.11, 2.89, 2.29, respectively, all P < 0.05). In comparison with tmstimulated neutrophils, the supematant from LPS- and CpG-A stimulated nentrophiles significantly accelerated the pro-liferation of HaCaT cells. Furthermore, the proliferation of HaCaT cells induced by the supematants of LPS-,CpG-A-, CpG-B-stimulated neutrophils from psoriatic patients was statistically suppressed by the pretreat-ment with the monoclonal antibody to IL-8, TNF-alpha and SOD/CAT (all P < 0.05). Conclusions In patients with psoriasis vulgaris, there is an abnormal secretion of IL-8, TNF-alpha and superoxide by neutrophils in peripheral blood, and these proinflammatory factors could promote the proliferation of HaCaT cells.

0.05 ). The assessments of the 4 examiners were uniform(?=0.57~0.65).Conclusion:Radiograph can provide essential evidence for the clinical diagnosis of the vertical root fracture in mandibular first molar.