Translational medicine is an emerging medical research pattern,its connotation includes a two-way process with effective translation of the latest basic research results into the available clinical medical technologies and products,and give the feedback of the clinical medical problems to the laboratory.It's a kind of bidirectional research,namely Bench to Bedside and Bedside to Bench.Translational medicine is one of the medical science frontiers.In recent years,scientists around the world pay high attention to the clinical translational applications of research results of hepatobiliary surgery,and relevant research and regulations formulation have started under the leadership of government.Actually,translational medicine plays an important role in the success of hepatobiliary surgery in liver transplantation era till now.China is expected to be at the forefront in hepatobiliary surgery and translational medicine in the world in the near future.Chinese surgical circles should have the whole world in view,set in the worldwide development in translational medicine,accelerate the dissemination of ideas in-depth to improve the technology and curative effect.

Objective: To study the effects of static tensile strai n on the secretion of prostaglandin E 2 (PGE 2) of human periodontal ligament fibroblasts (PLFs). Methods: Human PLFs were treated by tensile strain values of 0%,8%,12%,16% and 20% for 24, 48 and 72 h respecti vely with a self-devised loading apparatus in vitro. All samples were rando mly allocated into 15 groups and there were 3 in each group. After treatment cu lture media of the samples were collected and the content of PGE 2 in each medi um sample was determined using RIA ELISA. The data analysis was carried out with SPSS using Dunnett test. Results: In group of 0% the sec retion of PGE 2 by PLFs per day had no relation with loading time; E 2 secre tion increased with the increace of loading time and with the tensile strain va lue in the group of 8%,12% and 16%(P

Objective Using coded harmonic angiography to observe hepatocellular carcinoma blood perfusion features,further assess this modality clinical value in qualitative diagnosis of liver malignant tumor.Methods Through left forearm vein bolus injection of fluorine-carbon contrast agent,35 patients with 41 hepatocellular carcinoma lesions were examined with coded harmonic angiography,intratumoral vessel enhanced time,vascularity,blood perfusion were observed.All patients were simultaneously videotaped before and after contrast.Results It was about 15～20 s after the injection of contrast agent when the enhancement of tumor had just commenced,peak time about 60～90 s and persistence time about 240～300 s.Lesions were more obviously enhanced than normal liver tissue,several tumor vascularity was displayed from border to center,contrast agent gradually centripetal filled-in,formed "weeping-willow" echo.Pressed and rimlike peripheral vessel developments were earlier than normal liver tissue.Conclusions Coded harmonic angiography could real-timely display hepatocellular carcinoma blood perfusion,which has an important clinical value in qualitative diagnosis of liver malignant tumor.

Objective　To study the effects of sFas in hepatocellular cancer (HCC) and chronic hepatitis (CH). Methods　The serum sFas was detected in 18 patients with HCC, 12 patients with CH and 6 cases of normal control by ELISA. Results　The serum sFas in HCC was obviously increased and had significant difference with the patients of CH and normal control (P<0.01). The serum sFas had positive correlation with the serum TBIL(P<0.01), but negative correlation with the ALB, PTA and the ratio of ALT/AST(P<0.01).Conclusions　sFas may resist the occurrence of HCC apoptosis. In CH, sFas has correlation with the severity of CH. The role of sFas in viral hepatitis is uncertain.

Objective:To investigate the efficacy and safety of ketogenic diet (KD) therapy in the epilepsy of infancy with migrating focal seizures (EIMFS) associated with TBC1D24 gene mutation.Methods:Clinical data of two children with TBC1D24 gene-related EIMFS were collected retrospectively, who were admitted to Department of Pediatrics, Fujian Medical University Union Hospital from 2019 to 2020. Their clinical characteristics and the efficacy and safety of KD therapy were analyzed, and literature review was conducted.Results:Seizures were onset before six months old in the two children with TBC1D24 gene-related EIMFS. Multifocal myoclonic seizures were manifested and happened frequently, lasting for more than 30 minutes sometimes. Developmental retardation was obvious in the two children. A small amount of focal sharp, spike, sharp-slow complex, and spike-slow complex waves were showed in the interictal electroencephalography (EEG). TBC1D24 gene mutations were found in the two children, one with a compound heterozygous mutation (c.1025C>T, p.S342L; c.229_c.240delATCGTGGGCAAG,p.I77_K80del), and the other with a homozygous mutation [c.119G>A,p.R40H(Arg40His)]. Both of those were potentially pathogenic. A variety of anti-epileptic drugs showed poor outcome for the two children. The epilepsy was drug-refractory one. After four to 17 months of KD therapy, the epilepsy in the two children was controlled effectively. There was not obvious adverse reactions. Among six children with TBC1D24 gene-related EIMFS in the literature review, four cases were effective or partially effective for KD therapy, one was discontinued due to insufficient ketogenic ratio, and one was discontinued without effect. There were no obvious adverse reactions in the six children.Conclusions:TBC1D24 gene-related EIMFS is mostly drug-refractory epilepsy. Early KD therapy may help to control seizures.

Objective To investigate the variation of coagulation markers and its clinical value in type 2 diabetes patients. Methods The plasma levels of von Willebrand factor: antigen (vWF: Ag), thrombomodulin (TM), prothrombin fragment 1+2 (F 1+2 ) and P selectin were measured by ELISA in 65 patients with type 2 diabetes (including 33 patients with vascular complication) and 38 healthy people. Results The plasma level of vWF:Ag, TM, F 1+2 and P selectin in group of type 2 diabetes were significantly higher than that of normal controls ( P

0.05), but the lesion detection sensitivity of SSD and Raysum display were lower than that of UGI(? 2=4.17,7.11, and 5.14,4.17, P0.05). Excess fluid remained in the stomach and patient respiratory movement during breath holds were the reasons causing severe artifacts (6.1%) that influenced the diagnostic evaluation. Conclusion The performance of CTVG was equivalent to UGI in the detection of advanced gastric carcinoma and superior to UGI in the Borrmann′s classification. CTVG has potential in the detection of early gastric carcinoma. The value of SSD and Raysum display was limited in the evaluation of gastric carcinoma when used alone clinically.

Objective To establish a sensitive,specific,simple and high-throughput method for detection of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutation in the plasma samples of patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLS) by the use of mutant-enriched liquid chip (MEL) assay.Methods The specific probes for the EGFR exon19 E746-750 deletion,exon 21 L858R mutation and wild-type sequence were designed and coupled to the microspheres coding with different fluorescent dye.The probe coupling efficiency was verified by crossing hybridization test with biotin-labeled reverse sequence.A blood-based MEL approach which integrates a sensitive mutant-enriched PCR and quantitative high throughput liquid chip assay for assessment of EGFR mutations was developed.The sensitivity and specificity of MEL was further evaluated using the mixture with different copy numbers of mutant and wild-type plasmids as template.The mutations of exon 19 and 21 of EGFR gene in plasma samples from 201 patients with stage ⅢB or Ⅳ NSCLC who enrolled in the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical College from September 2008 to April 2010 were analyzed by both the MEL and the mutant-enriched PCR assay.The result comparison was made between direct sequencing and MEL in 50 cases whose EGFR gene type had been tested by MEL and mutantenriched PCR.The correlation of EGFR gene mutation and the response to the Geftinib treatment was analyzed in 16 patients with lung adenocarcinoma as well.Results The probes were successfully coupled to the microspheres encoding with different fluorescent dye,and could be specifically recognized by the corresponding target sequence.The MEL was capable of detecting as few as 10 copies of EGFR mutants (sensitivity was 0.1％).Among the enrolled 201 cases of advanced NSCLC,the detection rate of the EGFR exon19 E746-750 del and exon 21 L858R was 55.7％ (112/201) by MEL assay.Conpared with mutantenriched PCR[58.2％ (117/201)],the coincidence rate was 97.5％ (196/201).There was no statistically significant difference between the results of mutant-enriched PCR and MEL (x2 =3.20,P ＞ 0.05).The mutations detection rate was 22.0％ (11/50) by directing sequencing,which was significantly lower than by MEL[50.0％ (25/50),x2 =12.07,P ＜ 0.05].Among the 16 patients treated with Gefitinib,9 cases who had EGFR mutation showed a higher response rate(P =0.041)and prolonged progression-free survival (x2 =6.76,P =0.009) after the treatment compared to those 7 who without EGFR mutation.Conclusions A new method of MEL with accuracy,specificity,fast and high-throughput is established for the detection of EGFR 19 E746-750 deletion and exon 21 L858R mutations in plasma from advanced NSCLC patients.It has the ability to provide the most direct and valuable guidance for clinicians to make decision on EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitors therapy in the advanced NSCLC paticnts.

High levels of RNase,polysaccharides and polyphenol compounds make isolation of high quality RNA difficult. Thus it is presented an effective RNA extraction method based on the nuclease adsorbent macaloid,poly vinyl pyrrolidone,and high concentration of KAc and ethylene glycol monobutyl ether,which has successfully extracted high-quality RNA from many materials difficult to RNA isolation,such as RNase-rich rabbit liver,plant and microbial tissues rich in polysaccharides,lipids and polyphenol compounds. This method was found to be better than the ones in common use-Trizol and Guanidinium isothiocyanate,the yield of which was at least three time higher. Furtherly,small RNA was enriched from total RNA sample from rice seedling through by repeat deposit which deals with high concentration of LiCl,PEG8000 and NaCl. The small RNA gained was confirmed to be used for following molecular biological research by RT-PCR with the primers designed on osa-mir-156 sequence from rice miRNA.

Exosomes are nanosized membrane microvesicles secreted by various living cells.They contain proteins,lipids,RNA,and a variety of other biological macromolecules.Exosomes play an important role in many pathological and physiological processes,such as antigen presentation in the immune system,repair of damaged tissues,and growth and migration of tumors.Tumor-derived or tumor-associated exosomes play a vital role in regulating the occurrence and development of tumors.The analysis and detection of exosomes in tumors is helpful for the early diagnosis of tumors and provide new treatment methods.This article reviews exosomes' origin,composition,and functions in the development,migration,diagnosis,and treatment of tumors and provides new ideas for the treatment of tumors.