OBJECTIVE:To establish a method for analyzing the volatile constituents of different parts(root,stem and leaf)of Mentha haplocalyx. METHODS:HS-GC-MS was performed. GC conditions:the column was HP-5MS capillary quartz column, carrier gas was He (constant current mode),flow rate was 1.0 ml/min,volume injection was 1.0 μl,inlet was split mode with split ratio of 10∶1,temperature was 250 ℃(temperature programmed). MS conditions:ionization source was electron bombard-ment,energy was 1 905 V,temperature was 230 ℃,quadrupole temperature was 150 ℃,and the scanning range was m/z 30-550. RESULTS:Totally 10,14 and 48 volatile components were identified from the root,stem and leaf,which accounted for 90.03%, 92.79% and 95.93% of the capacity of the total essential oil from each part of it. And totally 51 volatile compounds was identified, including 7 kinds that shared the same chemical components that regard the piperitone oxide as the main ingredient. CONCLU-SIONS:The method is simple,stable and reproducible,and can be used for the analysis of volatile components of different parts of M. haplocalyx. The volatile components in different parts are quite different,and most is in the leaf.

Objective To detect the expression of p-STAT3 and survivin in primary gallbladder carcinoma (PGC) and explore its significance for the genesis and development of PGC.Methods The expression of p-STAT3 and survivin were determined with immunohistochemistry in samples from 45 PGC tissues and 20 chronic cholecystitis.The relationship between the expression of these proteins and various clinicopathological factors was evaluated.Results The expression rate of p-STAT3 and survivin in 45 PGC tissues was 55.6％ ( 25/45 ) and 64.4％ ( 25/45 ),respectively,which was significantly higher than those in 20chronic cholecystitis tissues 5.0％ ( 1/20),10％ ( 2/20 ) ( P ＜ 0.01 ).pSTAT3 expression was correlated with survivin ( r =0.830,P ＜0.01 ).p-STAT3 and survivin protein expression were significantly associated with histopathological grading,lymph node metastatis,nevin staging and 3-year survival rate.Conclusions p-STAT3 and survivin might play a vital role in the development of PGC.The expression of p-STAT3 or survivin was an independent prognostic factor in PGC.

Currently,there is a worldwide increase in the incidence and mortality of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC),but the etiology of ICC remains unclear.Recent efforts suggest an etiological role of hepatitis B virus (HBV)infection in ICC,and this article reviews the relationship between chronic HBV infection and the risk and prognosis of ICC.

Objective:To attaine a new mode of pathological data managed by computer. Methods:All pathological data were collected into the system of pathological data management. Results:It was helpful to phomote the work officiency and easy for pathological data check up. Conclusion:By using computer operation, we can update the document collection efficiently. It is helpful for data review, and research.

Objective When pathologists from hospitals at various levels encounters pathological sections diffcult to make clear diagosis, it is necessary to invite pathologists from higher hosiptals or special hospitals for pathologic consultation.In the study, we compared the pathological diagnosis of cases sent to other hospitals for pathological consultation with the original diagnostic result to analyze the differences by the evaluation on the impact of these differences on the treatment and prognosis of these patients, which would provide an effective evidence for the quality control of pathological diagnosis. Methods Cases initially diagnosed at the de-partment of Nanjing General Hospital and later sent to other hospitals for pathological consultation from 2010 to 2014 were collected. All the diagnostic results were examined by at least 3 senior pathologists to find exact diffrences between consultation results and origi-nal diagnostic results. Results Among 2055 cases, it was found that there were 1813 cases (88.2%) without diagnostic discrepan-cy, while 218 cases (10.6%) with minor diagnostic discrepancy and 24 cases (1.2%) with completely distinct diagnostic results. Conclusion The diagnostic results of the vast majority of consultation cases are in accordance with the original results, despite of di-agnostic discrepancies in some cases due to the complexity of disease. Expert consultation has reference for the pathological diagnosis of complicated cases, which also plays a potent supervisory role on the quality control of original pathologic results.

Objective In order to play the role of pathological network management system better in pathological examination, this study explore the present status of new pathology network management system, give an objective evaluation for the operation condition, reveal the effectiveness and the existing problems of this system, and provide reference for its development and improvement.Methods The software of pathological network management system was applied to the pathological specimen reception, patient information and examination status query, pathological diagnosis and technology process, as well as the paraffin block archive, statistical analysis, data recording, and so on.At last, we recorded all the information and made a classification and arrangement.Results Pathological network management system was running normally through the whole process of pathologic examination, including specimen receiving, all examinations, print of pathological applications and spontaneous print of pathological reports in ward, which really achieve one-stop services.But the system has unstable phenomenon occasionally.Conclusion Pathological network management system links each examination process closely, which can improve the work efficiency, and provide scientific basis for pathology quality control.

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of ultrasound for placement of laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in comparison with fiberoptic bronchoscope in adult patients.Methods Fifty-eight ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ patients,aged 18-57 yr,weighing 50-70 kg,with body mass index 20-30 kg/m2,scheduled for gynecological operation under general anesthesia,underwent standard general anesthetic technique with 4 # LMA-ClassicTM.After clinical assessment of correct placement of LMA,the position of the LMA was confirmed by transverse neck ultrasound,and reconfirmed using fiberoptic bronchoscopy.The peak airway pressure and oropharyngeal leak pressure were recorded.Results When the outcome of clinical assessment of correct placement of LMA was considered as satisfactory,the rate of ideal anatomic placement assessed by ultrasound evaluation was 69 %,and the rate of ideal anatomic placement assessed by fiberoptic bronchoscopy was 59 %,and it showed that there was no significant difference in detecting the ideal placement of the LMA (P ＞ 0.05).The oropharyngeal leak pressure was significantly higher when ultrasound was used for confirmation of the correct placement of LMA than that when fiberoptic bronchoscope was used (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound provides better efficacy for placement of LMA in indicating sealing of LMA than fiberoptic bronchoscope and is helpful in improving ventilation conditions in adult patients.

Objective:To study effects of large dose thymopeptides on T cell subpopulations of patients with malignant tumor under radiotherapy.Methods:Fifty one patients with malignant tumor under radiotherapy were divided into 2 groups with 100 mg and 200 mg thymopeptides respectively.The patients we re given thymopeptides,100 mg/d or 200 mg/d,iv, for 10 days.The positive percent ages of CD4,CD8,CD25 and CD56 in T cells of peripheral blood before and after thymopeptide treatment were determined by flow cytometry.Results:The positive percentages of CD4 and CD25 in T cells of peripheral bl ood after 100 mg/d thymopeptide treatment were significantly higher than those befor e thymopeptide treatment (P<0.05),while those of CD4，CD8，CD25 and CD56 in T cells of peripheral blood after 200 mg/d thymopeptide treatment all increased significantly (P<0.05 or P<0.01). Conclusion:These results suggest that large dose of thymopeptides can increase i mmune function of patients with malignant tumor under radiotherapy,and the curat ive effect of 200 mg/d thymopeptides is better.

The release kinetics research of sustained-release formulations of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) is an inalienable part of the chain of TCM modernization, which plays an important role in the development of modern compound TCM preparation. However, the research method or pattern in line with the specific characteristics of TCM, i.e., multi-component and multi-target, is still lacking. On the basis of material rough set theory, this paper reviewed the advantages and disadvantages of the existing evaluation patterns and methods, a tentative idea about the "total amount" release characteristics evaluation on TCM compound sustained-release preparation has suggested so as to evaluate the release kinetics and to promote the development of evaluation methodology on TCM sustained-release preparations.

Objective: To observe the effect of moxibustion on the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nuclear transcription factor kappa B (NF-κB) proteins in ankle joints of rats with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of moxibustion in the treatment of RA.Methods: Adjuvant arthritis (AA) rat models were induced and used as rat models of RA. Rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a moxibustion group and a saline group. Rats in the normal and model groups were not treated; rats in the moxibustion group accepted treatment by moxibustion at Zusanli (ST 36) and Shenshu (BL 23) after modeling; rats in the saline group were injected with 0.15 mL saline to the bottom of the left hind paw and had no other treatments. Hematoxylin-eosin (HE) staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of rats' ankle joints under light microscope. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expressions of TNF-α and NF-κB in ankle joints of rats.Results: Compared with the normal group, the rats' ankle joints in the model group showed disorganization, joint surface defect, and significantly increased mean optical density (MOD) of TNF-α and NF-κB (allP<0.05). After moxibustion treatment, rats in the moxibustion group showed repaired ankle tissues, smooth joint surface without defects, decreased MOD of TNF-α and NF-κB than those in the model group (allP<0.05). Rats in the saline group had no damage to ankle joints, while TNF-α and NF-κB were significantly different from those in the model group (P<0.05).Conclusion: Moxibustion could down-regulate the expressions of NF-κB and TNF-α protein in ankle joints of RA rats, and produce an anti-inflammatory effect to promote tissue repair.