Objective To study the protective effect of glutamine on the intestinal mucosal antioxidation in endotoxemic rats. Methods　Twenty-eight male Wistar rats were randomly divided into three groups, group A:parenteral nutrition supplemented with glutamine, group B:TPN without glutamine,and group C:normal control. Endotoxemia was induced by continous intravenous infusion of lipopolysaccharide(LPS) at a dose of 2 mg/kg per day throughout the 5-day study period. The mucosal protein、DNA、ATP、SOD、MDA、GSH、sIgA were determined. Results The mucosal protein、DNA、ATP、SOD、GSH and sIgA content in endotoxic rats were markedly decreased, MDA was increased as compared with normal control(P＜0.05). The former indices in group A were improved and MDA content was decreased as compared with group B(P＜0.05). Conclusion　Glutamine can improve gut energy metabolism, decrease the extent of mucosal injury of free radicals, and give an protective effect on the mucosal probably by increasing GSH.

Objective: To investigate epidemiological characteristics of cancers in Zhoushan City in 2018, so as to provide the evidence for the formulation of cancer control strategies. Methods: The cancer data in Zhoushan City in 2018 were captured from Zhejiang Provincial Information Management System for Chronic Disease Surveillance. The gender- and age-specific incidence of cancers was descriptively analyzed. The cancer incidence was standardized to the data of the Sixth National Population Census in China in 2010 ( Chinese standard population ) and Segi's world standard population. Results: The crude incidence rate, age-standardized incidence rate by Chinese standard population ( ASR China ), and age-standardized incidence rate by world standard population ( ASR world ) of cancers were 468.65/105, 300.12/105 and 232.79/105 in Zhoushan City in 2018, and the cumulative cancer incidence rate was 26.91% among residents at ages of 0 to 74 years, while the truncated-age cancer incidence rate was 431.90/105 among residents at ages of 35 to 64 years. The crude incidence rate, ASR China, and ASR world of cancers were 473.00/105, 285.67/105 and 229.03/105 in men, and 464.43/105, 317.66/105 and 241.30/105 in women in Zhoushan City in 2018, respectively. In addition, the mean age of new cases with cancers in 2018 was ( 61.34±13.19 ) years in Zhoushan City in 2018, and the highest crude cancer incidence was seen in residents at ages of 70 to 74 years ( 1 327.50/105 ). The crude cancer incidence rate was higher in new female cases at ages of 25 to 54 years than in new male cases, and the crude cancer incidence rate was higher in new male cases at ages of 60 to 84 years than in new female cases ( P<0.05 ). The 10 most common cancers included lung cancer, female breast cancer, thyroid cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer, cervical cancer, prostatic cancer, pancreatic cancer and bladder cancer, which accounted for 80.20% of all cancers in Zhoushan City in 2018. Conclusions High cancer incidence was found in Zhoushan City in 2018, and elderly populations are at high risk of developing cancers. The management of lung cancer, female breast cancer, thyroid cancer, gastric cancer and colorectal cancer should be given a high priority.

Objective To detect potential proteins which may play a key role in pathogenesis and early diagnosis for Acinetobacter baumannii sepsis,and compare the protein profile of neutrophils of na(i)ve rats with that of rats infected with Acinetobacter baumannii.Methods Using two-dimensional electrophoresis for separation of proteins,we compared the differences of the profile of total proteins from neutrophils of na(i)ve rats with that of rats infected with Acinetobacter baumannii.Differences in the profiles of expressed proteins were observed,and some of the proteins were isolated and verified by line mass spectrometry analysis and Western blot.Results Fifty proteins from the neutrophils of rats with Acinetobacter baumannii sepsis were found to be different from those of naive rats.Forty-one of these proteins were able to be identified successfully using two-dimensional electrophoresis,in which 24 were upregulated,and 17 were downregulated compared with the proteins isolated from neutrophils of na(i)ve rats.Conclusion The protein profile of neutrophils in rats with Acinetobacter baumannii sepsis is significantly different from that of na(i)ve rats.These proteins can be identified by proteomic screening,and may be used as potential markers for early diagnosis and molecular targets for effective treatment of Acinetobacter baumannii sepsis.

Objectives:To evaluate the effect of early enteral nutrition(EEN) on the structure and function of the gut, the bacterial and endotoxin translocation. Methods:SAP model was induced by injecting 1 ml/kg of combined solution of 5% sodium taurocholate and trypsin into the pancreas via pancreatic duct.15 dogs were divided into PN group and EEN group.Systemic plasma endotoxin levels was quantified.Both portal and systemic blood sample were obtained before and 1?4?7 d following SAP,and cultured for aerobic as well as anaerobic bacterial growth.Specimens of tissue from mesentery lymph nodes,lung and pulmonary portal nodes and pancreas were removed,weighed and homogenized at the 7th day. Results:The levels of systemic plasma endotoxin and the magnitude of bacterial translocation to the portal and cycle blood and distant organs were significantly reduced the protein and DNA content of the small intestine and colon increased,and the height of the villi and the thickness of mucosa and whole bowel wall of the intestinel and colon improved in EEN group as compared with those in PN group. Conclusions:We conclude that EEN can improve gut metabolism,decrease the extent of mucosal atrophy,and assist in the maintenance of the mucosal barrier function.It is effective touse EEN in severe acute pancreatitis.

Objective To prepared the docetaxel nano liposome (L-DOC) for the therapy of liver cancer HepG2 cells in vitro and in vivo. Methods The film-ultrasonic dispersion method was used to prepare the L-DOC.The diameter and Zeta potential of L-DOC were determined by Nanosizer and the encapsulation efficiency was further measured.CCK-8 method was used to determine the cell viability of HepG2 cell after treating with various concentration of DOC and L-DOC respectively and the cell death type was detected by Flow cytometer.Next, we have studied the relative tumor volume change of tumor-bearing mice and the toxicity in vivo.Results The average diameter of L-DOC was 104 nm and the Zeta potential was about -35.1 mV.The Zeta potential of L-DOC was almost unchanged after standing for 96 hours.The encapsulation efficiency of L-DOC was ( 71.2 ±1.6 )%.The CCK-8 results showed that the cell viability was decreased after treating with various concentration of DOC and L-DOC, but the inhibition effect of L-DOC was better than that of DOC after treating with the same dose, especially for 20μg/mL.It was found that the cell death was induced by apoptosis.The in vivo study results showed that 6mg/kg L-DOC could inhibit the tumor volume better than that of same dose of DOC.In addition, 6mg/kg L-DOC and DOC didn’ t induce in vivo toxicity.Conclusion The L-DOC is prepared by film-ultrasonic dispersion method which has small diameter, great biocompatibility.And it could inhibit the HepG2 cells in vitro and in vivo, especially for no in vivo toxicity.

Objective:To evaluate the diagnostic value of endobronchial ultrasonography(EUS)-guided fine-needle aspi-ration(FNA)in diagnosis of lung cancer.Methods:EUS-guided FNA was used in16patients suspected of lung cancer of sub-mucosal and parabronchial structures.Bronchoscopic methods failed to detect any abnormality in them.Results:Final diag-noses were made in15patients,including8cases of bronchopulmonary adenocarcinoma,4cases of bronchopulmonary squa-mous carcinoma and3cases of lymphatic metastasis of bronchral adenocarcinoma.The sensitivity of EUS-guided FNA was 93.8%. There was no severe complications associated with the use of EUS.No patients developed bleeding or pneumatotho rax.Conclusion:EUS is useful in detecting pathologic changes in the submucosal and parabronchial structures.EUS guided FNA is accurate and safe for diagnosis of lung cancer,especially in small nodes.

ObjectiveTo summarize the method and experience of the model of rat heterotopic heart transplantation and to improve the rate of success of the experiment.Methods120 heterotopic heart transplantations were performed by Ono's way,including 60 prepared transplantations and 60 formal transplantations.ResultsRate of success of prepared transplantations was 45％,and formal transplantation was 85％.Mean time of formal operation was (74.3±17.1)min,removal time of the donor heart was (7.9±4.2)min,ischemia time was (29.6±10.3) min and the survival time of allograft was (11.1±5.7)days.5 of the recipients had a long-term survival,and the maximum weight was 740 g.ConclusionsGood surgical technique and rigorous perioperative management is very important in setting up the rat model of heterotopic heart transplantation.

Objective To investigate the extent of radiofrequency ablation of pig pancreas in vitro with various power and duration,and to establish the regression equation of radiofrequency ablation of porcine pancreas in vitro.Methods Among the 4 settings of power (from 5 w ～ 20 w) and 11 settings of duration (from 40s ～ 240s),44 combinations were selected,and every combination was performed twice,then a randomization table including 88 combinations was established,and 88 ablation procedures on porcine pancreases in vitro were performed.The uhrasonography changes were observed,ablation widths (Y) were measured,and pathological examination was performed.In order to construct optimal model and to establish the regression equation of radiofrequency ablation,9 parameters (duration,power,duration × power,the square of duration,the square of power,the square root of duration,the square root of power,the natural logarithm of duration,the natural logarithm of power) derived from duration and power were analyzed via stepwise regression method.Results A rectangular echo enhanced region was observed along the working area of catheter when radiofrequency ablation started,and it gradually became wider during ablation.A hoar-like cylindrical ablation region that was clearly different from surrounding normal pancreatic tissue was formed.Carbonation of necrotic tissue could be observed after radiofrequency ablation under 15 w or 20 w.The optimal model showed a linear positive correlation between ablation width (Y) with the square of power and the natural logarithm of duration.The coefficient of determination of this model was 0.71.Both Fitting curve and Residual scatter diagram showed good fitting effect.Finally,a significant regression equation of radiofrequency ablation was established:Y (mm) =0.005 × E2 + 0.9374 × ln (t)-0.6943.Conclusions A significant regression equation of radiofrequency ablation is established,which provides experimental base for EUS-guided radiofrequency ablation of pancreatic tumors in clinical practice.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the treatment and possible prognostic factor of nasal sinuses adenoid cystic carcinoma. METHOD: Retrospectively analysed the records of 18 patients with complete clinical and pathological data,which including 4 patients given up treatment, 5 patients taken surgical treatment and 9 patients taken surgical treatment as well as radiotherapy and chemotherapy. RESULT: Fifty percent of the patients got 2-year survival and 3 cases of death due to intracranial tumor invasion and 2 patients died of the disease distant metastasis. CONCLUSION If patients got Nasal sinuses adenoid cystic carcinoma, they should take comprehensive treatment based on surgery, in order to improve the survival rate. The prognosis depends on the tumor early detection and early treatment, the sooner the treatment, the better.
Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Adenoid Cystic ; therapy ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Cavity ; pathology ; Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms ; therapy ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies

Objective: To learn the characteristics of drowning deaths and potential years of life lost（PYLL）among residents in Zhoushan，and to provide basis for formulating drowning prevention and control measures. Methods: The death surveillance data in Zhoushan from 2009 to 2018 were collected from Zhejiang Chronic Disease Surveillance Information Management System. Demographic features，causes of drowning，life and labor lost due to drowning were analyzed through indicators such as mortality，standardized mortality，early death index，PYLL and working potential years of life lost（WPYLL）. Results: The crude and standardized drowning mortality of Zhoushan residents were 7.97/100 000 and 4.68/100 000. The drowning mortality showed a decreasing trend from 2009 to 2018（P<0.05）. The mortality of drowning in males was 8.03/100 000，which was higher than 1.33/100 000 in females（P<0.05）. Totally 322 deaths from drowning were fishery workers，accounting for 41.44%. The main cause of drowning death in residents aged 0-14 years，15-29 years and 65 years or above was accidental fall，accounting for 36.11%（13 cases），23.91%（11 cases）and 14.40%（47 cases），respectively. The main cause of drowning death in residents aged 30-44 years and 45-64 years was ship accident，accounting for 33.33%（58 cases）and 36.01%（130 cases），respectively. PYLL and WPYLL caused by drowning death were 22 511 and 11 911 person-years，of which residents aged 30 to 64 years were accounted for 73.33% and 70.55%. The early death index was 28.97. Conclusion Drowning mortality in Zhoushan showed an downward trend from 2009 to 2018. Men and fishery workers are at higher risk of death from drowning. Drowning can lead to serious life loss，especially for population aged 30-64 years.