BACKGROUND: Injured nerve can regenerate through end-to-side anastomosis and obtain partial physiological function in animal experiment. As an immuno-suppressivedrug, FK506, which is characterized by promoting neural growth and functional recovery, is paid widely attention to.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of FK506 on functional recovery of peripheral nerve after end-to-side anastomosis.DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Department of Operation Surgery, Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS: The experiment was completed in the Department of Operation Surgery, Union Hospital Affiliated to Tongji Medical College of Huazhong University of Science and Technology in March 2005. Totally 26female Wistar rats were selected and divided into experimental group and control group with 13 in each group.METHODS: Peroneal nerve was transacted on the right side of all the animals, the proximal end of peronieal nerve was turned back and ligated, and the distal end was sutured to the side of tibial nerve with perineurial window. No operation was done on the left side. FK506 was injected in the right tibial muscle (2 mg/kg· d), once a day within two weeks in the experimental group, and saline was used in another group as contrast.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Three months afteroperation, the bilateral common peroneal nerve and the tibial muscle were taken for electrophysiological and histological examination, and the number of common peroneal nerve fiber, area of tibialis anterior muscle fiber of transverse section and muscle wet weight of tibialis anterior muscle were measured. The results were expressed with the ratio between right side and left side (i.e.recovery rate).RESULTS: Totally 26 rats entered the final analysis. ① Results of histological examination: Both ratio of number of nerve fiber and ratio of area of muscle fiber in the experimental group were higher than those in the control group (0.734±0.143, 0.412±0.119; 0.628±0.125, 0.432±0.135; P ＜ 0.01,0.05). ② Results of electrophysiological examination: Recovery rate of action potential, recovery rate of single muscular contractility and recovery rate of tetanus contractility in the experimental group were higher that those in the control group (P ＜ 0.05). ③ Ratio of wet weight in the experimental group was higher than that in the control group (0.765±0.101,0.513±0.116, P ＜ 0.05).CONCLUSION: FK506 injected into targeted muscle can promote growth and functional recovery of peripheral nerve in end-to-side anastomosis.

In order to investigate the biological function of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) during fibrosis in denervated skeletal muscle, we recruited sciatic nerve injury model of SD rats in which denervated gastrocnemius was isolated for analysis. At different time points after operation, denervated muscle was examined by several methods. Masson trichrome staining showed morphological changes of denervated skeletal muscle. Quantitative RT-PCR detected the rapid increase of TGF-β1 expression at mRNA level after nerve injury. It was found that a peak of TGF-β1 mRNA expression appeared one week post-operation. The expression of collagen I (COL I) mRNA was up-regulated in the nerve injury model as well, and reached highest level two weeks post-injury. Immunoblot revealed similar expression pattern of TGF-β1 and COL I in denervated muscles at protein level. In addition, we found that the area of the gastrocnemius muscle fiber was decreased gradually along with increased interstitital fibrosis. Interestingly, this pathological change could be prevented, at least partly, by local injection of TGF-β1 antibodies, which could be contributed to the reduced production of COL I by inhibiting function of TGF-β1. Taken together, in this study, we demonstrated that the expression of TGF-β1 was increased significantly in denervated skeletal muscle, which might play a crucial role during muscle fibrosis after nerve transection.

Detrended fluctuation analysis (DFA) is a new technique used to characterize the long-range temporal correlation (LRTC) structure of non-stationary time series, which has been applied in electroencephalographic (EEG) oscillations and diseases such as Alzheimer and stroke. In this paper, DFA is used to study the scaling exponents of intracranial EEG recordings of Pilocarpine-induced epileptic rat. It was found that when the brain functional status changed from non-epileptiform discharges to continuous-epileptiform discharges and to period-epileptiform discharges, the average scaling exponents of four brain regions (left cortex and left hippocampus, right cortex and right hippocampus) changed from 0.97 to 0.82 and to 0.94, and a statistically significant difference between the brain functional states was shown by paired T test (P < 0.05), thus suggesting that the local neuronal network dynamics of the three brain function states may be different. But in regard to the three brain function states, there is no statistically significant difference between the four brain regions(P >0.05).
Animals ; Brain ; physiopathology ; Electroencephalography ; methods ; Epilepsy ; chemically induced ; physiopathology ; Male ; Pilocarpine ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted

Objective To explore the value of narrow band imaging combined with endoscopic dentate line in evaluation of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.Methods A total of 200 patients with GERD were selected as GERD group and 160 normal people were selected as control group.Gred-Q score was used to record the symptoms.The morphology of the dentate line and microvessel were observed by narrow-band imaging.Gred-Q score,dentate line morphology,the relationship between esophageal microvascular manifestations and gastroesophageal reflux disease were analyzed.Results The abnormal positive rate of NBI microvessel density in GRED group was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).The abnormal rate of dentate line in GRED group was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).There were positive correlations between NBI microvessel performance and Gerd-Q score,dentate line morphology and Gerd-Q score,NBI microvessel performance and dentate line morphology (r =0.780,0.803,0.586,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Narrow band imaging combined with endoscopic dentate line has an important clinical value in diagnosing patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

Objective To discuss influence of continuous collaboration care model (CCM) on postoperative function training effect of anal sphincter in patients with anus preserving surgery for low rectal cancer.Methods 86 cases with low rectal cancer treated by anus preserving surgery from July to December in 2013 were selected as control group,to whom routine nursing care was carried out.88 patients with low rectal cancer treated by anus preserving surgery from July to December in 2014 were selected as observation group,to whom continuous CCMwas implemented on the basis of routine nursing care in the control group.Defecation function and quality of life of patients in the two groups were compared 3 months and 6 months after the surgery.Results After 3 months of nursing intervention,81.8% of patients in the observation group had fine anal function,higher than the number in the control group,47.7%;after 6 months,the proportions of the two groups were 90.9% and 67.4% (χ2 =8.632,7.523;P <0.05).Physiological function,psychological function,social function,self-awareness of health and score of quality of life of patients in the observation group were all higher than those of the control group (t =5.264,4.635,4.265,4.145,3.958;P <0.01 ).Conclusions Implementation of continuous collaborative family care management can promote recovery of patients′defecation function and improve their quality of life.

Objective To explore the value of narrow band imaging combined with endoscopic dentate line in evaluation of patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.Methods A total of 200 patients with GERD were selected as GERD group and 160 normal people were selected as control group.Gred-Q score was used to record the symptoms.The morphology of the dentate line and microvessel were observed by narrow-band imaging.Gred-Q score,dentate line morphology,the relationship between esophageal microvascular manifestations and gastroesophageal reflux disease were analyzed.Results The abnormal positive rate of NBI microvessel density in GRED group was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).The abnormal rate of dentate line in GRED group was significantly higher than that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).There were positive correlations between NBI microvessel performance and Gerd-Q score,dentate line morphology and Gerd-Q score,NBI microvessel performance and dentate line morphology (r =0.780,0.803,0.586,P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Narrow band imaging combined with endoscopic dentate line has an important clinical value in diagnosing patients with gastroesophageal reflux disease.

In order to investigate the biological function of transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)during fibrosis in denervated skeletal muscle,we recruited sciatic nerve injury model of SD rats in which denervated gastrocnemius was isolated for analysis.At different time points after operation,denervated muscle was examined by several methods.Masson trichrome staining showed morphological changes of denervated skeletal muscle.Quantitative RT-PCR detected the rapid increase of TGF-β1 expression at mRNA level after nerve injury.It was found that a peak of TGF-β1 mRNA expression appeared one week post-operation.The expression of collagen Ⅰ (COL Ⅰ ) mRNA was up-regulated in the nerve injury model as well,and reached highest level two weeks post-injury.Immunoblot revealed similar expression pattern of TGF-β1 and COL Ⅰ in denervated muscles at protein level.In addition,we found that the area of the gastrocnemius muscle fiber was decreased gradually along with increased interstitital fibrosis.Interestingly,this pathological change could be prevented,at least partly,by local injection of TGF-β1 antibodies,which could be contributed to the reduced production of COL Ⅰ by inhibiting function of TGF-β1.Taken together,in this study,we demonstrated that the expression of TGF-β1 was increased significantly in denervated skeletal muscle,which might play a crucial role during muscle fibrosis after nerve transection.

Objective To investigate the effect of all-in-one nursing intervention on the stress response and postoperative quality of life in patients following esophageal cancer surgery .Methods From the October 2012 to March 2013 , 62 patients with radical operation of esophageal carcinoma were divided into all-in-one nursing intervention group (32 cases) and the routine nursing group (30 cases).The blood samples of the two groups of patients were collected before operation (surgery day) (T0) and on the fifth day after operation (T1) to measure stress response indicators , including fasting blood glucose ( FBG ) , C-reactive protein ( CRP ) , interleukin -6 (IL-6), plasma cortisol (Cor).And using European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer Quality of Life Questionnaire-30 ( QOL ) evaluated the early quality of life , before operation and the second week after opreation .Results The stress reaction index before operation had no significant difference between two group (P>0.05).On the fifth day after operation, the FBG, CRP and Cor levels of two groups were significantly higher than the preoperative level (t=3.724,7.203,4.137, respectively;P<0.05), but there was no significantly difference in the IL-6 level (t =0.452,P>0.05).The FBG, CRP, IL-6 and Cor levels of two groups on the fifth day after operation were significantly higher than the preoperative level ( t =3.031,5.361,2.864,3.534,6.990,10.755,2.415,8.166, respectively;P<0.05).Scores of each function item and symptom before operation had no significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05).And two weeks after the operation , the functions of the research group were higher than those in the control group ( P<0.05 ) .Symptoms scores of study group was lower than those in the control group , and there were statistically significant differences in seven aspects ( P<0.05), but the other two aspects had no significant differences (P>0.05).Conclusions All-in-one nursing intervention can significantly reduce stress reaction and improve the quality of life in postoperative patients with esophageal cancer .

Total mesorectal excision (TME) is the gold standard for the treatment of middle and low rectal tumors. Since the first patient who underwent transanal total mesorectal excision (taTME) was reported in 2010, taTME has attracted wide attention from scholars at home and abroad. Fecal incontinence is one of the common complications after taTME, which severely affects the postoperative quality of life of patients. This paper systematically summarizes the commonly used assessment methods, current situation, influencing factors, treatment and nursing progress of postoperative fecal incontinence patients with taTME, in order to provide evidence for improving the quality of life of postoperative defecation incontinence patients with taTME.

Objective To expore the effect of fibroblast exosomes from diabetic rats on wound healing.Methods Male SD rats were randomly divided into diabetes mellitus group(DM group,n=12)and normal control group(NC group,n=15).Fibroblast exosomes were extracted and identified.After digestion of human epidermal keratinocyte line(HEK-a)and human epidermal microvascular endothelial cell line(HMEC-1),the cells were divided into diabetes exosomes group(DM-EOXa group),normal exosomes group(N-EXOa group)and normal control group(NCa group).CCK8 was used todetect the proliferation of fibroblast.fifteen male SD rats were randomly divided into diabetes exosomes group(DM-EXOb group),normal exosomes group(N-EXOb group)and normal control group(NCb group),with 5 rats in each group.Full-thickness wounds were created on rats back,and fibroblast exosomes were used to intervene wound healing.The wound healing was compared on 3th,7th,10th,and 14th day in each group.Results The proliferation of HEK-a and HMEC-1 was higher in N-EXOa and DM-EXOa groups than in NCa group(P<0.05).On the 7th,10th and 14th day,the average wound rate was lower in N-EXOb group than in NCb and DM-EXOb groups(P<0.05 or P<0.01).On the 10th day,the average wound rate was lower in NCb group than in DM-EXOb group(P<0.05).Conclusions Normal fibroblast exosomes can promote wound healing,while diabetic fibroblast exosomes from diabetic rats have no effect on wound healing,and even inhibit wound healing.