Objective To assess whether 5-HTR1A C( - 1019) G and GNβ3 C825T gene polymorphisms are associated with post-stroke depression (PSD) and explore the genetic mechanism of the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression. Methods All 159 patients with first stroke were divided into the PSD group and the control group according to HAMD scores. Their genotypes were determined with polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific restriction enzyme analysis. Results The frequency of 5-HTR1A (-1019) GG genotype(8/53,15. 1% ), G allele (44/106,41.5%)and GNβ3 825T allele(68/106,64. 2% ) were significantly higher in the post-stroke depression group than in the controls (5/106,4.7% ;35/212, 16. 5%; 113/212, 53.3%; ×2 = 23.204, 23. 655, 3. 392, all P ＜ 0. 05 ). Combined genotype analysis showed that individuals with both 5-HTR1A ( - 1019) G and GNβ3 825T allele ( OR =4. 980,95% CI 2. 429-10. 210,P =0. 000) had a higher risk than those with 5-HTR1 A (-1019) G allele ( OR = 3. 589,95% CI 2. 113-6. 096, P = 0. 000) or GNβ3 825T allele ( OR = 0. 638,95% CI 0.395-1. 031 ,P =0. 042) only for post-stroke depression. Conclusion The 5-HTR1A C( - 1019)G and GNβ3 C825T polymorphisms are predisposing genes of post-stroke depression. Our data also suggest a significant interaction between the 5-HTR1A ( - 1019)G allele and GNβ3 825T allele in post-stroke depression.

Good patient care requires accurate and comparable laboratory test results. To achieve standardization, a reference system consisting of a hierarchal framework of validated and reliable analytical methods linked by reference materials must be in place. Supported by national and municipal research programs, construction of reference systems has been pursued and progress been made. Candidate reference methods have been set up or developed for some important tests, and the methods have been used in the calibration or evaluation of routine methods, study of commutability of control materials and characterization of reference materials. Phenomenal roles of reference systems are expected in diagnostic reagent manufacturing, internal quality assurance and external quality assessments.

Roles of reference method in clinical biochemistry were introduced.Reference method is an important component of the reference system.Reference methods are primarily used for the establishment and assurance of the traceability of measurement results through calibrating and evaluating routine methods and assigning values to reference materials.Calibration biases and non-specificities of routine methods and the commutability of reference materials are the major issues in the standardization of clinical biochemistry.Standardization also requires availability of commutable reference materials.Reference methods are irreplaceable tools to identify the issues and to characterize reference materials.

Objective To evaluate the effect of montelukast combined with seretide in treatment of patients with asthma and its influence on balance between Th17 and Treg cells, and expression of IL-4 and IFN-γ.Methods 110 patients with asthma were randomly divided into observation group and control group, observation group of 55 cases, using montelukast combined with seretide, control group of 55 cases, using seretide,compared two groups of patients with pulmonary function changes, peripheral inflammatory factor changes and influence on Th17 and Treg cells balance. Results Before treatment, observation group and control group,FEV1 and FEV1 /FVC value was no significant difference.FEV1 and FEV1 /FVC after treatment were significantly improved compared with before treatment in two groups, differences were statistically significance (P<0.05).Between two groups, FEV1 values were significantly difference (t=8.1156, P=0.0001), FEV1 /FVC also had significant difference (t=4.8933, P=0.0001) .Before treatment, observation group and control group, IL-4 and IFN-γdid not have a statistically significant.After treatment, IL-4 and IFN-γdecreased significantly, with statistical difference compared with before treatment (P<0.05).Between two groups, IL-4 had significant difference (t=6.0273, P=0.0001), IFN-γalso had statistically significant (t=6.6042, P=0.0001).Before treatment, there was no significant difference between Th17 and Treg percentage, after 12 weeks of treatment and 24 weeks, Th17 in observation group were(0.53 ±0.02),(0.32 ±0.01), the control group were (0.78 ±0.03),(0.62 ±0.02), which had differences (P<0.05).After 12 weeks and 24 weeks,observation group Treg respectively(2.21 ± 0.22),(2.47 ±0.10),in control group were(1.50 ±0.11),(1.84 ±0.14), Treg percentage at different time after treatment, the differences had statistically significant (P<0.05).Conclusion Montelukast combined with Seretide in treating with asthma, pulmonary function of patients is obviously improved, and it can improve Th17, Treg cell.

Objective To investigate the effect and safety of bronchial balloon positioning combined with autologous blood bronchial occlusion in the treatment of intractable pneumothorax.Methods 36 cases of hospitalized patients with refractory spontaneous were collected as the research object,based on the bronchial balloon positioned upstream bronchoscopy combined with autologous blood bronchial occlusion therapy.The efficacy and adverse reac-tions were followed up for one year.Results In the 36 cases of spontaneous pneumothorax in patients with refractory, 30 patients were successfully positioning balloon (83.33%),6 cases of patients who were not successfully positio-ning,were continued with conservative treatment of indwelling thoracic drainage.In 30 patients underwent successful positioning,autologous blood bronchial occlusion were used,and a total of 24 cases (80.0%)patients successfully reduced bubbles escape;6 patients relapsed,who were continued to retainthoracic drainage conservative treatment. Conclusion Bronchial balloon positioning combined with autologous blood bronchial occlusion in the treatment of intractable pneumothorax has accurate positioning and high blocking success rate,and also is safe and effective.It is worth promoting in clinical practice.

Objective To explore the influence of time and dose of mannitol on neural and renal functions in the treatment of hepertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods 300 patients with hepertensive cerebral hemorrhage were divided into full-dose group and half-dose group.Full-dose group was divided into group A and group B,and half-dose group was divided into group C and group D.Full-dose group given 20％ mannitol 250ml,and half-dose group was given 20％ mannitol 125ml.Groups A and C were given drug 12h after incerebral hemorrhage occurs,and groups B and D were given drug in the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage within 12h.The neural and renal functions of every group were compared before the treatment and one week after that.Results The treatment of full-dose group and hulf-dose group was all better,the total effective rate was 71.3％,72.7％,respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The total effective rate of groups A,C ( 92.0％,90.7 ％ ) was significantly higher than that of groups B,D (53.3％,50.7％ ) ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).The number of cases [ ( BUN increased more than 7remol/L,61 cases) and(Cr increased more than 133remol/L,64 cases)] in full-dose group was significantly higher than that of half-dose group( 17 cases,17 cases) ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The effect of full-dose and half-dose mannitol in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is all better,but renal injury in halfdose mannitol was lower.Giving drug 12h after incerebral hemorrhage occurs is more conducive to hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage controlled,and could better improve the prognosis.

Objective To investigate the factors and the preventive methods of gastrointestinal leakage.Method 32 cases of gastrointestinal leakage from 1996 to 2001 were analyzed retrospectively.Results In 32 patients,19 cases were benign diseases and 13 cases were malignant diseases.25 cases were selectively operation and 7 were emergency operation, 11 cases treated by re-operation and 21 cases by other methods.24 cases were cured and 8 cases were died.Conclusions Main cause of leakage was operative method unsuitable.Anastomostic skill was deficiency,local condition was bad and ignored postoperative treatment and so on.Preventive methods should be selected to decreasingintestinal leakage.

Objective To study effects of cholecystokinin (CCK) on occuring of electrogastric arrhythmias. Methods The contens of cholecystokinin (CCK) nerves, cholinergic (Ach) nerves and nitregic nervous (NOS) nerves in antral myenteric plexus were studied using histochemistry and immunocytochemistry. Results (1) The electrogastric dysrhythmias occurred in the model and CCK groups rats, the abnormal rhythm index and coefficent of variation (cv) of slow wave frequency were singnificantly increased compared with the control ( P

specifications are essential for total quality management in laboratory medicine. A consensus among worldwide professionals has been achieved and a hierarchy of strategies for setting analytical quality specifications has been proposed based on their relevance to medical decision-making. Quality specifications derived from biological variations have been widely accepted because of their objectivity and practicability and have more and more been used in the quality management in laboratory medicine.

Objective: To understand the study status of Extended Release Venlafaxine (Venlafaxine ER) in the treatment of depression and its efficacy in China. Methods: 8 papers on Venlafaxine ER treatment of depression were indexed and reviewed with evidence-based medicine method. Results:7 of 8 studies were RCT. The effect size of Venlafaxine ER in the treatment of depression at the end of week 2 was more significant than that of SSRIs (Z=-2.17,P