Roles of reference method in clinical biochemistry were introduced.Reference method is an important component of the reference system.Reference methods are primarily used for the establishment and assurance of the traceability of measurement results through calibrating and evaluating routine methods and assigning values to reference materials.Calibration biases and non-specificities of routine methods and the commutability of reference materials are the major issues in the standardization of clinical biochemistry.Standardization also requires availability of commutable reference materials.Reference methods are irreplaceable tools to identify the issues and to characterize reference materials.

Objective To explore the influence of time and dose of mannitol on neural and renal functions in the treatment of hepertensive cerebral hemorrhage.Methods 300 patients with hepertensive cerebral hemorrhage were divided into full-dose group and half-dose group.Full-dose group was divided into group A and group B,and half-dose group was divided into group C and group D.Full-dose group given 20％ mannitol 250ml,and half-dose group was given 20％ mannitol 125ml.Groups A and C were given drug 12h after incerebral hemorrhage occurs,and groups B and D were given drug in the occurrence of cerebral hemorrhage within 12h.The neural and renal functions of every group were compared before the treatment and one week after that.Results The treatment of full-dose group and hulf-dose group was all better,the total effective rate was 71.3％,72.7％,respectively,and there was no significant difference between the two groups ( P ＞ 0.05 ).The total effective rate of groups A,C ( 92.0％,90.7 ％ ) was significantly higher than that of groups B,D (53.3％,50.7％ ) ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).The number of cases [ ( BUN increased more than 7remol/L,61 cases) and(Cr increased more than 133remol/L,64 cases)] in full-dose group was significantly higher than that of half-dose group( 17 cases,17 cases) ( all P ＜ 0.05 ).Conclusion The effect of full-dose and half-dose mannitol in the treatment of hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage is all better,but renal injury in halfdose mannitol was lower.Giving drug 12h after incerebral hemorrhage occurs is more conducive to hypertensive intracerebral hemorrhage controlled,and could better improve the prognosis.

Objective To assess whether 5-HTR1A C( - 1019) G and GNβ3 C825T gene polymorphisms are associated with post-stroke depression (PSD) and explore the genetic mechanism of the pathogenesis of post-stroke depression. Methods All 159 patients with first stroke were divided into the PSD group and the control group according to HAMD scores. Their genotypes were determined with polymerase chain reaction and allele-specific restriction enzyme analysis. Results The frequency of 5-HTR1A (-1019) GG genotype(8/53,15. 1% ), G allele (44/106,41.5%)and GNβ3 825T allele(68/106,64. 2% ) were significantly higher in the post-stroke depression group than in the controls (5/106,4.7% ;35/212, 16. 5%; 113/212, 53.3%; ×2 = 23.204, 23. 655, 3. 392, all P ＜ 0. 05 ). Combined genotype analysis showed that individuals with both 5-HTR1A ( - 1019) G and GNβ3 825T allele ( OR =4. 980,95% CI 2. 429-10. 210,P =0. 000) had a higher risk than those with 5-HTR1 A (-1019) G allele ( OR = 3. 589,95% CI 2. 113-6. 096, P = 0. 000) or GNβ3 825T allele ( OR = 0. 638,95% CI 0.395-1. 031 ,P =0. 042) only for post-stroke depression. Conclusion The 5-HTR1A C( - 1019)G and GNβ3 C825T polymorphisms are predisposing genes of post-stroke depression. Our data also suggest a significant interaction between the 5-HTR1A ( - 1019)G allele and GNβ3 825T allele in post-stroke depression.

Objective: To compare the quality of life of schizophrenics treated with risperidone and clozapine Method: We followed 24 schizophrenics treated with risperidone and 26 with clozapine for 6 months All subjects were assessed with PANSS, TESS and WHO QOL-100 before treatment and 1, 2, 3, 6 months after Results: After 6 month, risperidone and clozapine had similar effects on positive and negative symptoms of schizophrenia Risperidone group had greater improvement in total score of PANSS Risperidone could significantly improve all aspects of quality of life of patients, except Domination While clozapine just improved some parts of that, it had no help to Physics, Psychology and Independence Conclusion:Risperidone is more favorable than clozapine for schizophrenics to return to society

Good patient care requires accurate and comparable laboratory test results. To achieve standardization, a reference system consisting of a hierarchal framework of validated and reliable analytical methods linked by reference materials must be in place. Supported by national and municipal research programs, construction of reference systems has been pursued and progress been made. Candidate reference methods have been set up or developed for some important tests, and the methods have been used in the calibration or evaluation of routine methods, study of commutability of control materials and characterization of reference materials. Phenomenal roles of reference systems are expected in diagnostic reagent manufacturing, internal quality assurance and external quality assessments.

Objective To know the drinking water quality in the rural areas in Fujian Province in order to provide the scientific basis for water improvement in the rural areas.Methods Fourteen counties were selected in Fujian,2004,10 monitoring sites in each county based on the population proportion of different drinking water types.Sixteen indicators were determined for every water sample.Results In the 14 investigated counties,38.71% of total population drinking water supplied with surface water,and 61.29% with ground water source.Drinking water from centralized water supply system was supplied to 58.24% of total population.The qualified rate of water samples was 26.39% for total 288 water samples,35.38% for surface water samples and 18.99% for ground water samples respectively.The hygienic state of surface water was much better(P

Since 1974, 39 cases, after thumb reconstruction by means of free transplantation of second toe, haveundergone functional training in the therapeutic gymnasium of Huaskan Hospital. Functional training consists of using intermittent traction with indigenous equipmints to moblize the thumb joints and using resistanceexercises with small rubber balls and wooden framed net of rubber bends to strengthen the thumb musclesThe training was carried out three sessions a week for a total of 18--219 sessions, averaging 49. 5 sessions. The distribution of cases in classes of basic function of the thumb was as follows: Before training: Good, 0; fair, 11; poor, 28; After training: Good, 2; fair. 32; poor, 5. Practical activities of the hand, such as selfserving. writing, sewing and using common tools were perfor-med satisfactorily when basic function of the thumb reached "good" or "fair" class.

0.05).[Conclusion]Lateral-anterior fixation with use TSRH not only has effective result in strength, rigidity and stability of the spine, but also is superior to the control group in loading-bearing ability and stability of the spine. There is no significant difference between the TSRH group and Z-plate group. But TSRH is relatively simple to operate and is cheaper than Z-plate, and has exact clinical ontcome.

Purpose:Our experiments are dealing with the affect of docosahexaenic acid(DHA) in doxorubicin to cytoxicity effect of MDA-MB-435s, which is of the anti-human breast cancer and whether it is one of the effect mechanisms that it via the lipid peroxidation of DHA.Methods:Add different match such as anti-cancer drugs?PUFAs?oxidan system of sodium ascorbate and ?-methy-1.4-naphoqui-none?antioxidant of Dl-?-tocopherol and so on to the culture cell line of MDA-MB-435s each 24 hours for 6 days, estimate MDA by TBA with cell extracts and estimate the contents of NO via nitrite salt spectrophotography, then draw out a dosage-effect correlation straight line among contents of MDA,NO and cytoxicity. Mitox is used as contraposition to the peroxidation of ADM which is enhanced by DHA for peroxidation of mitox is low.Results:There have been obvious changes on the contents of MDA of the lipid peroxidation has paralled increased while NO has decreased. There is recitilinear correlation relationship among the contents of MDA and NO from cell extracts and the cytoxicity.Conclusions:It is obvious that DHA can add the cytoxicity of cell line of MDA-MB-435s with ADM, particularly after add non-cytoxicity oxidant. It is lipid peroxidation of oncocyte that one of the mechanisms of DHA can enhance anti-breast cancer effect of ADM.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of renal transplantation from living related renal donor.Methods A retrospective analysis of 26 cases of renal transplantation from living related renal donor and 84 cases cadaveric renal transplantation was conducted.Results All the operations in these two groups underwent smoothly.The rate of patient/renal survival was 96.15%/96.15%,96.15%/96.15%,96.15%/92.31% respectively in the group of living related renal transplantation,and 96.43%/95.23%,85.71%/80.95%,65.48%/60.71% respectively in the group of cadaveric renal transplantation 1,3,5 years after the operation.The time of cold blood-deficiency and the time of warm blood-deficiency in the living related renal transplantation group were both shorter than those of the cadaveric renal transplantation group(P