OBJECTIVETo investigate the effects of endothelin-1 (ET-1) overexpression on apoptosis of the rat pulmonary arterial microvascular smooth muscle cells (RPMC) in vitro.

METHODSPrimary RPMC obtained from the pulmonary artery and lung microvasculature were identified by immunofluorescence staining and electron microscope technique. The RPMC was transient transfected with the pMEXneo-ET1 and pCDNA5-FRT-TO-ET1-3'UTR plasmids as well as the empty vector respectively via lipofectamine. Flow cytometry was used to assess the cell cycle and apoptosis of RPMC. Akt and Caspase-3 expressions were detected by Western blot and real time RT-PCR.

RESULTSThe mRNA of ET(A) expression was significantly higher than that of ET(B) receptor in primary RPMC. Flow cytometry analysis revealed significantly reduced apoptosis in ET-1 transfected RPMC compared to that in vehicle transfected RPMC. Overexpression of ET-1 in RPMC also significantly increased the phosphorylation of Akt and reduced the cleaved Caspase-3 expression.

CONCLUSIONSOverexpression of the ET-1 inhibited RPMC apoptosis and activated Akt/PKB-Caspase-3 signaling pathway, which might be responsible for ET-1 induced the pulmonary microvascular arteries remodeling.

Animals ; Apoptosis ; Arteries ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelin-1 ; metabolism ; Female ; Male ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Pulmonary Artery ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction

The efficacy of ~(131)I treatment of hyperthyroidism in children and adolescents was evaluated. Being unsuitable for medical therapy,31 patients (aged 11-18 years) with hyperthyroidism received ~(131)I treatment with a dose of 0.925-3.33 MBq/g of thyroid and were followed-up for 20 to 76 months.Fifteen patients were euthyroid,5 suffered from late-onset hypothyroidism,and 11 were still hyperthyroid,but their symptoms and signs of hyperthyroidism were markedly improved.Of the 18 patients with thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO),8 patients recovered,4 were improved,TAO in 1 patients deteriorated and in S patients remained unchanged.~(131)I is a relative safe and effective treatment for children and adolescents above 10 years old with hyperthyroidism,being unsuitable for medical therapy.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the dynamic changes of neurofilament contents in rat's spinal cord induced by 2, 5-hexanedione (2, 5-HD), and explore the molecular mechanism of n-hexane neuropathy.

METHODSMale Wistar rats were administered at a dosage of 400 mg/kg/day 2, 5-HD for 2, 4 and 8 weeks respectively. HD-induced neurological defects were detected and quantified using gait score, and the relative lev-els of NF-H, NF-M, and NF-L in spinal cords of rats were determined by Western Blotting.

RESULTSExposure to 2, 5-HD produced progressive gait abnormalities, which suggested that the rat model of 2, 5-HD-induced neurotoxicity was established successfully. Western-Blotting results showed that NFs content in spinal cord demonstrated a progressive decline as the intoxication continued. In the supernatant fraction, compared to the controls, NF-H con-tent decreased by 15.7%, 57.0%, and 58.0% respectively after 2, 4, and 8-week treatment with 2, 5-HD (P < 0.01); accordingly, NF-M decreased by 36.0%, 61.3%, and 65.2% respectively (P < 0.01); NF-L decreased by 20.8%, 43.9%, and 44.3% respectively (P < 0.01). In the pellet fraction, the contents of NF-H in groups of 4 and 8 weeks' exposure to HD decreased by 35.6% and 43.2%, respectively (P < 0.01), and those of NF-L decreased by 26.4% and 42.1%, respectively (P < 0.01) when compared to the control. Further-more, NF-M contents in groups of 2, 4 and 8 weeks' exposure decreased by 23.3%, 33.9%, and 63.7% respectively (P < 0.01). The NFs level in spinal cords was highly correlated with gait abnormality of treated rats as the intoxication went on. Multiple correlation coefficients of NF-H, NF-M, and NF-L content with gait score of HD-treated rat were 0.8912, 0.9282 and 0.8981 (P < 0.01) respectively.

CONCLUSIONThe declines of NFs are high-ly related to neurobehavioral abnormality of 2, 5-HD-treated animals, and involved in the development of n-hexane neuropathy.

Animals ; Disease Models, Animal ; Gait ; drug effects ; Hexanones ; toxicity ; Male ; Neurofilament Proteins ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Spinal Cord ; drug effects ; metabolism

To study the effect of Wansheng Huafeng Dan (WSHFD) and mercuric chloride on renal mercury (Hg) extraction transporters (Oat1, Oct2), renal mercury excretion transporters (Mrp4, Mate2K), renal mercury accumulation and kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1). The ancient prescription of WSHFD containing 10-fold Hg caused much lower renal mercury accumulation and renal toxicity than HgCl2 in rats, with less effect on renal transporters than HgCl2. The above indicators had no significant difference in WSHFDO, WSHFD2 and WSHFD3 groups, indicating no effect of WSHFD with reduced or no cinnabar.
Animals ; Ardisia ; chemistry ; Biological Transport ; drug effects ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; genetics ; metabolism ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mercuric Chloride ; metabolism ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Objective To evaluate the clinical significance of CT angiography(CTA)in the diagnosis of arterioportal shunts(APS)associated with hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods One hundred and twenty-seven consecutive HCC patients accepted both dynamic enhancement CT and DSA examinations.The interval between CT and DSA exam was from 3 to 15 days.Based on transverse CT images in hepatic artery phase,CTA was performed for all the patients.By contrast with DSA results,the capabilities of transverse CT and transverse images combined with CTA in APS diagnosis were analyzed. Results In all 127 HCC cases,52 cases with APS were confirmed by DSA(40.94%),33 with central type of APS and 19 with peripheral type.Diagnostic sensitivity of APS based on transverse CT and combined CTA with transverse CT images were both 94.23%(49/52).However,specificity was 84.00%(63/75) and 97.33%(73/75),respectively,accuracy was 88.19%(112/127)and 96.06%(122/127),the predictive value of positive cases was 80.33%(49/61)and 96.08%(49/51),and the predictive value of negative cases was 95.45%(63/66)and 96.05%(73/76).Combined with CTA,false positive cases of 4 central type of APS and 6 peripheral type of APS were excluded which were demonstrated by transverse CT images.By contrast with DSA,the coincidence rate of the type of APS diagnosed by transverse images combined with CTA was 88.46%(46/52),including 90.91%(30/33)of central type of APS and 84.21%(16/19)of peripheral type.The supplying arteries of central type of APS were intuitively displayed by CTA in 23 cases,19 from proper hepatic artery and 4 from gastro-duodenal artery.Conclusion CTA techniques based on the dynamic enhancement CT exams could effectively promote the specificity and the accuracy of APS diagnosis.

Objective To explore the feasibility of evaluating the lung function by MSCT in emphysema.Methods The MSCT scan and pulmonary function tests(PFF)were respectively performed in 147 receptors within one week.They were randomly divided into 2 groups:group A(120 receptors), including normal,mild,moderate and severe abnormal pulmonary function based on the PFT,for comparing the correlation between pulmonary quantitative indexes of MSCT pulmonary function and PFT and settingup the primary grade criteria of abnormal pulmonary function in emphysema,group B(27 receptors)for evaluating the diagnostic accuracy in group A.The total lung was respectively scanned at the full inspiration and full expiration with MSCT.The pulmonary quantitative indexes of MSCT were measured with Siemens Pulmo pulmonary quantitative software.Results There was correlation between pulmonary quantitative indexes of MSCT and PFF.The Piex/in_(-910)showed best correlation with FEV_1%(r=-0.905,P

Aim To investigate the effect of dihydromyricetin on canine carotid artery and the underlying mechanism.Methods The in vitro isometric tension measurement technique was employed to investigate the effect of dihydromyricetin on canine carotid artery rings.Laser scanning confocal microscope technique was used to measure the dynamic change of intracellular calcium concentration in single VSMC.Results Dihydromyricetin(1～300 ?mol?L-1)caused a concentration-dependent contraction of both endothelium-intact and endothelium-denuded rings.This constrictive effect was attenuated in Ca2+-free solution(P

OBJECTIVETo observe the clinical effect of combined chemotherapy and Chinese herbal medicine in treating colonic cancer.

METHODSOne hundred and sixty-three patients were assigned, according to their will, to two groups, 105 in the traditional Chinese medicine treated group (Group A) and 58 in the combined treatment group (Group B). The Chinese herbal drug Zhao's Weitiao No. 3 ( 3, ZW3) was given to both groups, twice a day, 40 mL each time, 30 days as one cycle, and over 6 cycles applied in total. For patients in Group B, the chemotherapy of OLF protocol (L-OHP+LV+5-FU) was given for 4-6 cycles. The effects of treatment on the main symptoms, tumor mass, patients' quality of life (QOL) and body weight, changes of carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA), as well as the integral effect and survival rate were observed and compared.

RESULTSThe total effective rate in Group A and Group B was 89.52% and 86.21% respectively, on the main clinical symptoms; 86.67% and 93.10% on tumor mass, 82.86% and 77.59% on QOL, 85.71% and 75.86% on body weight and 76.19% and 79.31% on CEA. The integral efficacy of total beneficial rate was 73.33% and 68.97%; and the 3-year survival rate 49.52% and 46.65% in Group A and Group B. These data showed that the effect in Group A was better than in Group B in terms of clinical symptom improvement, QOL, body weight and integral beneficence increase and survival rate, though it was inferior in reducing the tumor mass and CEA level.

CONCLUSIONChinese drug ZW3 for the treatment of colonic cancer could improve the main clinical symptoms, improve the QOL, increase body weight and prolong the survival time of patients, showing a favorable integral effect.

Adenocarcinoma ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic ; administration & dosage ; therapeutic use ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Colonic Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; drug therapy ; mortality ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; administration & dosage ; Humans ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Organoplatinum Compounds ; administration & dosage ; Quality of Life ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome

This study is to evaluate the therapeutic effect of fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) on NAFLD in MSG-IR mice and to provide mechanism insights into its therapeutic effect. The MSG-IR mice with insulin resistance were treated with high dose (0.1 micromol.kg-1d-1) and low dose (0.025 micromol.kg-1d-1) of FGF21 once a day for 5 weeks. Body weight was measured weekly. At the end of the experiment, serum lipids, insulin and aminotransferases were measured. Hepatic steatosis was observed. The expression of key genes regulating energy metabolism were detected by real-time PCR. The results showed that after 5 weeks treatment, both doses of FGF21 reduced body weight (P<0.01), corrected dyslipidemia (P<0.01), reversed steatosis and restored the liver morphology in the MSG model mice and significantly ameliorated insulin resistance. Additionally, real-time PCR showed that FGF21 significantly reduced transcription levels of fat synthetic genes, decreased fat synthesis and promoted lipolysis and energy metabolism by up-regulating key genes of lipolysis, thereby liver fat accumulation was reduced and liver function was restored to normal levels. In conclusion, FGF21 significantly reduces body weight of the MSG-IR mice, ameliorates insulin resistance, reverses hepatic steatosis. These findings provide a theoretical support for clinical application of FGF21 as a novel therapeutics for treatment of NAFLD.
Animals ; Body Weight ; drug effects ; Dose-Response Relationship, Drug ; Dyslipidemias ; metabolism ; Energy Metabolism ; drug effects ; Fatty Liver ; chemically induced ; complications ; Female ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; administration & dosage ; pharmacology ; therapeutic use ; Insulin Resistance ; Lipolysis ; drug effects ; Liver ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Mice ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; drug therapy ; Sodium Glutamate

OBJECTIVEBronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory disorder. Long-term inflammation leads to varying degrees of structural changes in the airway wall known as airway reconstruction or remodeling. These structural changes are found in the airways of most patients with prolonged disease. After remodeling, the airway walls show the submucous membrane becomes thick with collagen deposition, and the smooth muscle cells show hyperplasia and hypertrophy. Smooth muscle cells are a vital component of the airway wall, and a major effector cell involved in the course of bronchial contraction. Smooth muscle cell hyperplasia and hypertrophy are important pathological changes in airway remodeling. This study investigated the expression of markers of human airway smooth muscle cells (ASMCs) phenotypic change, which were matrix Gla protein (MGP) and major fibrosis proteins, after in vitro treatment with transforming growth factor-beta(1) (TGF-beta(1)).

METHODSHuman ASMCs were subjected to primary culture in vitro. Ten groups of cells were treated with 100 microg/ml of TGF-beta(1), while the cells in the control groups were treated with 10% fetal bovine serum. After being cultured for 7 d, the cells of both groups were harvested. MGP mRNA expression was detected by RT-PCR. Protein levels of collagen I, III and V were determined by Western blot analysis.

RESULTSTreated with TGF-beta(1), airway smooth muscle cells expressed MGP mRNA greater than controls [(62.3 +/- 13.1)% vs (27.4 +/- 11.4)%, P < 0.01]. Also, airway smooth muscle cells stimulated by TGF-beta(1) produced more collagen I, III and V than the control group (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSTGF-beta(1) induced expression of collagen III and V, which are early markers of the switch from a contractile to a synthetic phenotype in ASMCs. This induction is an indication that ASMCs have the potential to make this switch and that TGF-beta(1) is involved in airway remodeling.

Biomarkers ; metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Bronchi ; cytology ; Calcium-Binding Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Cells, Cultured ; Collagen Type I ; metabolism ; Collagen Type III ; metabolism ; Collagen Type V ; metabolism ; Extracellular Matrix Proteins ; genetics ; metabolism ; Humans ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; drug effects ; metabolism ; RNA, Messenger ; drug effects ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; pharmacology