Adolescent ; Adult ; Diverticulum ; diagnostic imaging ; Female ; Humans ; Jugular Veins ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed ; Young Adult

Objective To observe the CT findings of hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen. Methods CT findings of cochlear nerve foramen were observed in 50 volunteers (100 ears)and in 9 cases with hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen.The width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve were measured in both groups.Results The fissure in the cribriform area were seen in every volunteers.The width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve was (2.32?0.25)mm in normal group.The stenosis of cochlear nerve foramen were shown in 9 cases (10 ears),the lacking of fissure in the cribriform area were seen in 8 ears, while the fissure were shown in 2 cases.The stenosis of internal auditory canal was shown in 4 cases. Abnormality of vestibule and horizontal semicircular canal was shown in one case.The maximum value of the width of the bony canal for the cochlear nerve was 1.5mm,the minimum value was 0.9 mm.Conclusions The typical CT findings of hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen were stenosis of cochlear nerve foramen,the lacking of fissure in the cribriform area and cochlear nerve foramen without helix shape.The hypoplasia of cochlear nerve foramen may be a subtype of cochlear dysplasia.

Animals ; Blood Vessels ; pathology ; ultrastructure ; Cochlea ; blood supply ; Female ; Male ; Rats ; Rats, Inbred SHR ; Rats, Wistar

Objective To evaluate the role of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway in carbon monoxide (CO)-induced up-regulation of the mitofusin-1 (Mfn1) expression in endotoxin-challenged rat alveolar macrophages.Methods Alveolar macrophages obtained from the rats aged 12-20 weeks were subcuhured and seeded in 96 well plates at a density of 4× 104 cells/ml.After being cultured for 24 h,the cells were divided into 4 groups (n=10 each) using a random number table:control group (group C),endotoxin group (group L),lipopolysaccharide (LPS) +CO-releasing molecule-2 (CORM-2) group (group L+C) and LPS+CORM-2+PI3K inhibitor LY294002 group (group L+C+LY).Cells were cultured normally in group C.Cells were stimulated by using LPS 10 μg/ml in L,L+C and L+C+LY groups.In group L+C,CORM-2 100 μmol was given at 1 h before stimulation with LPS.In group L+C+LY,LY294002 20 μg and CORM-2 100 μ mol were given at 1.5 and 1.0 h before stimulation with LPS,respectively.The cells were continuously incubated for 24 h after the end of treatment.The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) in the supernatant were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.The expression of PI3K,phosphorylated Akt (p-Akt) and Mfn1 in cells was measured by real-time polymerase chain reaction and Western blot.Results Compared with group C,the concentration of TNF-α was significantly increased,and the IL-10 concentration was decreased in L,L+C and L+C+LY groups (P＜0.05).Compared with group L,the concentration of IL-10 was significantly increased,the TNF-α concentration was decreased,and the expression of PI3K,p-Akt and Mfn1 was up-regulated in group L+C (P＜0.05).Compared with group L+C,the concentration of IL-10 was significantly decreased,the TNF-α concentration was increased,and the expression of PI3K,p-Akt and Mfn1 was down-regulated in group L+C+LY (P＜0.05).Conclusion PI3K/Akt signaling pathway is involved in CO-induced up-regulation of Mfn1 expression in endotoxin-challenged rat alveolar macrophages.

A comparable study were carried out by determination of trace elements on five marine-derived shell traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) (Ostreae Concha, Haliotidis Concha, Margaritifera Concha, Meretricis Concha, and Arcae Concha), which were recorded in the Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010 version). Seven trace elements in 51 batches of this type of shell TCM were analyzed by Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry (ICP-MS), combined with principal component analysis (PCA) methods. The content of element Se, which exhibited significant differences among different drugs, could be used as a key element to distinguish this type of drugs. Meanwhile, the contents of elements Co, Cu, Mo, and Ba in Haliotidis Concha, Co and As in Margaritifera Concha, Mo and As in Meretricis Concha, Mo, As, and Ba in Arcae Concha, and Zn in Meretricis Concha were relatively stable. In the PCA plot, Arcae Concha and Meretricis Concha could be efficiently distinguished from Ostreae Concha together with Haliotidis Concha, and Margaritifera Concha. The results also showed a correlation with their medicinal function. In conclusion, trace elements in marine-derived shell TCM could not be neglected for their quality control.
Animal Shells ; chemistry ; Animals ; Aquatic Organisms ; chemistry ; Bivalvia ; chemistry ; Mass Spectrometry ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Trace Elements ; analysis

Objective To analyze the alterations of serum protein fingerprint in patients with hypertensive disorder complicating pregnancy(HDCP),screen serum biomarker and establish a diagnostic model of HDCP.Methods Surface-enhanced laser desorption lionization-time of flight-mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF-MS)technology was used to analyze serum including 25 cases of HDCP patients and 30 cases of age-,gravity-and parity-matched healthy term pregnant women on IMAC3-Cu proteinchip before delivery. Biomarker Wizard and Biomarker Pattern software was used to detect protein peaks significantly different between HDCP and controls,and establish a primary diagnostic model of HDCP.This model was further evaluated by blind test using other 16 parts of serum protein fingerprint.Results Ten protein peaks were significantly different at the molecular range of 2000-50 000(P

Objective To explore the effects of enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) on postoperative recovery, psychological state and complications of patients with laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery. Methods Ninety-eight patients with laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery admitted to Huzhou Central Hospital from January 2016 to December 2017 were enrolled and they were divided into two groups (49 cases in each group) according to difference in nursing. During peri-operative period, the routine nursing group was given routine nursing; while the ERAS nursing group received the nursing of ERAS. The postoperative recovery, inflammatory response and nutritional status, complications, psychological state and nursing satisfaction were compared between the two groups. Results Compared with the routine nursing group, the gastrointestinal tract exhaust time, common food intake time, incision healing time, ambulation time and hospital stay were significantly shorter in ERAS nursing group [gastrointestinal tract exhaust time (days): 2.43±1.02 vs. 3.46±1.15, common food intake time (days): 4.24±1.36 vs. 6.23±1.52, incision healing time (days): 7.62±1.54 vs. 9.63±1.63, ambulation time (days): 8.80±2.32 vs. 11.24±2.02, hospital stay (days):10.23±2.12 vs.14.56±2.37, all P < 0.05]. After operation, the high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) in the two groups was increased first and then decreased, and the levels of transferrin (TRF) and prealbumin (PA) were decreased first and then increased, and the differences were statistically significant at different time points within-groups (P < 0.05), and the changes of indexes in the 5 days after operation in the ERAS nursing group were more significant than those in the routine nursing group [hs-CRP (mg/L): 27.4±6.2 vs. 35.6±9.1, TRF (g/L): 1.89±0.05 vs. 1.81±0.06, PA (mg/L):340±20 vs. 280±20, all P < 0.05]. The postoperative incidences of nausea and vomiting and sore throat in ERAS nursing group were significantly lower than those in routine nursing group [nausea and vomiting: 32.65% (16/49) vs. 67.35% (33/49), sore throat: 12.24% (6/49) vs. 51.02% (25/49), both P < 0.05], and there were no significant differences in postoperative incidences of abdominal distension, incision infection, pulmonary infection and anastomotic leakage between the two groups [abdominal distension: 4.08% (2/49) vs. 6.12% (3/49), incision infection: 4.08% (2/49) vs. 6.12% (3/49), pulmonary infection: 2.04% (1/49) vs. 6.12% (3/49), anastomotic leakage: 2.04% (1/49) vs. 4.08% (2/49), all P >0.05]. The scores of self-rating anxiety scale (SAS) at discharge in the two groups were lower than those before operation, and the degree of decrease in ERAS nursing group was greater than that in routine nursing group (39.21±4.64 vs. 46.56±4.53, P < 0.05). The nursing satisfaction rate in ERAS nursing group was significantly higher than that in routine nursing group [95.92% (47/49) vs. 77.55% (38/49), P < 0.05]. Conclusion ERAS for laparoscopic gastrointestinal surgery not only can promote the recovery of gastrointestinal function, improve the nutritional status and reduce inflammatory response and postoperative complications, but also can relieve anxiety, shorten hospital stay and elevate nursing satisfaction, therefore it is worthy to promote and apply in clinical nursing.

Aim To investigate the effects of perindopril, an angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, on mean pulmonary arterial pressure(mPAP) and pulmonary vascular remodeling.Methods Using the normobaric hypoxia-hypercapnia rat model,the changes of plasma angiotensin Ⅱ (Ang Ⅱ), mPAP and ultrastructure of pulmonary arteriolar wall were observed after administration of perindopril.Results The mPAP and AngⅡ were significantly greater and the ultrastructure of the small lung vessels had a more obvious change in the 4 weeks hypoxia-hypercapnia group than those in the control group.It was also found that perindopril decreased AngⅡ, declined mPAP and ameliorated vascular ultrastructure change.But the change of ultrastructure was similar in the 8 weeks hypoxia-hypercapnia group and perindopril treatment group.Conclusion It is suggested that chronic hypoxia-hypercapnia should induce the remodeling of pulmonary arteriolar structure via AngⅡ and that perindopril could ease pulmonary vascular remodeling in early stage.

OBJECTIVEThis research was to evaluate the effect of pre- and post-exposure prophylaxis for rabies and to analyze the reasons of invalidation.

METHODSA case-control study was conducted in 132 rabies patients and 73 subjects exposed to homologous rabies in Zhejiang province. All the subjects were investigated face to face by using the same questionnaires at home. Non-conditional logistic regression was used to analyze the effect of measures and the reasons of invalidation.

RESULTS14.4% (19/132) of cases and 93.2% (68/73) of controls had post-exposure, which resulted in an OR (95%CI) of 0.012 (0.004 - 0.035). However, 72.2% (13/18) of cases and 7.7% (5/65) of controls had not finished their post-exposure, and thus had an OR (95%CI) of 15.60 (3.85 - 63.26). Stratified analysis stated that post-exposure prophylaxis was a protective factor, with an OR (95%CI) of 0.01 (0.002 - 0.047). Poor financial condition and poor knowledge of rabies were the causes of non vaccination.

CONCLUSIONPost-exposure prophylaxis could protect the people exposed to rabies well and unfinished post-exposure prophylaxis was the main reason for its invalidation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Case-Control Studies ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; China ; Female ; Humans ; Immunization ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Post-Exposure Prophylaxis ; Rabies ; prevention & control ; Rabies Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Treatment Outcome ; Young Adult

To explore the effects of serum amyloid A (SAA) on the cognitive function and tau phosphorylation in Alzheimer''s disease (AD), two mouse models of AD were constructed: one is the APP/PS1 double transgenic mice mated with the Saa3 knockout (Saa3-/-) mice, and the other involves intracerebroventricular (ICV) injection of streptozotocin (STZ) into WT and Saa3-/- mice.The expression of Saa3 in mouse brain was evaluated using immunofluorescence staining.The body weight of STZ injection mice during modeling was measured.The motor coordination and balance, spontaneous exploratory activity, and anxiety level of these mice were assessed by Rotarod test, open field, and elevated plus maze, respectively.Spatial reference learning and memory were evaluated by Morris water maze.Western blot was used to detect the phosphorylation level of tau protein in mouse brain tissue.The results showed that the expression of Saa3 was increased in the brain of AD mice.The Saa3 gene deletion had no significant effect on motor coordination, balance and spontaneous exploratory activity in these mice, yet with alleviated anxiety level of AD model mice.Saa3 deficiency improved the impairment of learning and memory function of intracerebroventricular STZ injection mice and APP/PS1 mice. Deletion of Saa3 relieved the hyperphosphorylation of tau protein at specific sites in the brain of AD mice. The difference between the groups was statistically significant (P < 0.05). These results suggest that Saa3 is associated with cognitive function and tau pathology in AD, and that the inhibition of SAA may be a new strategy for the treatment of AD.