AIM:To evaluate the effects of pilocarpine, brinzolamide and the preservatives of them on corneal epithelial cells and the histopathology of rabbit conjunctiva. METHODS: Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits weighing 1.5 kg to 2.5 kg were randomly divided into three groups. One group with three rabbits served as untreated controls. Pilocarpine 1% and brinzolamide 1% each were administered to the right eyes in one treated group, and the preservatives (chlorobutanol 0.01% in pilocarpine, benzalkonium chloride 0.01% in brinzolamide) to the left eyes. Corneal epithelial damage was evaluated by scanning electron microscopy, and conjunctival specimens were examined under light microscopy. RESULTS: Compared with normal controls, brinzolamide and BAC caused corneal epithelium damage and increased number of inflammatory cells in the conjunctiva, while pilocarpine and the preservative chlorobutanol mainly influenced the corneal epithelium. Brinzolamide produced significantly more damage than pilocarpine (P

This paper was aim to optimize the purification technology of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with macroporous adsorption resin. With the content of manninotriose as index, the absorptive flow and time were investigated, as well as kinds, amount, flow of eluent. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin was the best choice for the purification of manninotriose. The optimized parameters were as follows: the content of manninotriose at 161.16-53.72 mg x g(-1), absorption time 240 min, eluting solvent of purified water, volume flow at 1.5 BV x h(-1), and eluant volume at 6 BV. D-101 type macroporous adsorption resin could significantly increase the purity of Rehmanniae Radix Praeparata extract with the advantage of high absorption, remove most part of impurity, and the effect of semi-works production was better.
Adsorption ; Chemical Fractionation ; Chromatography, Liquid ; instrumentation ; methods ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Rehmannia ; chemistry ; Resins, Synthetic ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo study the effect of Zhusha Anshen pill, cinnabar, HgS, HgCl2 and MeHg on the gene expression of renal transporters in mice.

METHODHealthy male mice were given equivalent physiological saline, Zhusha Anshen pill (1.8 g · kg(-1), containing 0.17 g · kg(-1) of mercury), cinnabar (0.2 g · kg(-1), containing 1.7 g · kg(-1) of mercury), high dose cinnabar (2 g · kg(-1), containing 1.7 g · kg(-1) of mercury), HgS (0.2 g · kg(-1), containing 0.17 g · kg(-1) of mercury), HgCl2 (0.032 g · kg(-1), containing 0. 024 g · kg(-1) of mercury), MeHg (0.026 g · kg(-1), containing 0.024 g · kg(-1) of mercury), once daily, for 30 d, measuring body mass gain. 30 days later, the mice were sacrificed. The mercury accumulation in kidneys was detected with atomic fluorescence spectrometer. Expressions of Oat1, Oat2, Oat3, Mrp2, Mrp4, Urat1 were detected with RT-PCR.

RESULTCompared with the normal control group, a significant accumulation of Hg in kidney in HgCl2 and MeHg groups was observed (P <0.05), but these changes were not found in other groups. Compared with normal control group, mRNA expressions of Oat1 and Oat2 were evidently lower in HgCl2 and MeHg groups, but mRNA expressions of Mrp2 were apparently higher in HgCl2 group (P <0.05), mRNA expression of Mrp4 was significant higher in HgCl2 and MeHg groups, and mRNA expression of Urat1 was apparently lower in MeHg group.

CONCLUSIONHgCl2 and MeHg groups show significant difference from the normal group in mercury accumulation in kidneys and gene expression of kidney transporters, but with no difference between other groups and the normal group. Compared with HgCl2 and MeHg, cinnabar and its compounds could cause lower renal toxicity to mice.

Animals ; Carrier Proteins ; genetics ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; toxicity ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Kidney ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Male ; Mercuric Chloride ; toxicity ; Mercury Compounds ; toxicity ; Methylmercury Compounds ; toxicity ; Mice ; Multidrug Resistance-Associated Proteins ; genetics ; Organic Anion Transport Protein 1 ; genetics ; Organic Anion Transporters, Sodium-Independent ; genetics

Aged ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Receptors, Interleukin-2 ; blood ; Silicosis ; blood ; classification ; T-Lymphocyte Subsets ; metabolism

BACKGROUND:Simulative dynamics provides advantages of repeatable and non-invasive to a model. Additional y, structural model of individualism improves the reliability of Finite Elemental Analysis. It is an optimal attempt to analyze mechanics of knee joint after virtual replacement surgery.
OBJECTIVE:To achieve dynamic information of contact stress upon knee joint surface by finite element analysis surgery for total knee arthroplasty postoperatively, and to provide objective data for further“surgery plan”.
METHODS:After scanning affected knee joint by CT/MR and scanning knee prosthesis by laser instrument, a model composed of prosthesis, knee joint as wel as its ligament was rebuilt computational y;dynamic lines were measured. After prosthesis instal ation&osteotomy performed by facility of Simulation in Mimics according to knee joint replacement standard, this model was imported into ANSYS so as for Meshing, Material assignment, load applied. Stress distribution was analyzed by Finite Element Method.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The best finite element model of postoperative TKA 3D knee joint was obtained;dynamic data were tested to be approximately agreeable to those previous studies of direct measurement upon prosthesis. The experiment of analyzing structural deformation, stress distribution&internal energy change benefits to search the best position for prosthesis instal ation, osteotomy and surgical result prediction. Thus, these are indispensable data in surgery plan.

Adult ; Biopsy, Needle ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Humans ; Kidney ; pathology ; Kidney Diseases ; pathology ; therapy ; Male ; Nephritis, Interstitial ; pathology ; Renal Dialysis ; Sarcoidosis ; pathology ; therapy ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; pathology

Objective To investigate the feasibility and image quality of coronary artery angiography with 640-slice CT system in the pacemaker patients. Methods ECG-triggered 640-slice CT coronary angiography was performed in 16 pacemaker patients. Image quality of the fifteen coronary segments and metal-related artifact originating from pacemaker were assessed by two experienced radiologists in consensus.Image quality was assessed using a 4-point grading scale. ECG trigger information was recorded. Results The rate of available diagnostic images was 99. 07% ( Grade 1 in 83.64%, Grade 2 in 15.42%, Grade 3 in 0. 47% and Grade 4 in 0. 47% of patients, respectively). Image quality and the effect of streak artifact were similar between the high heart rate group and low heart rate group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ) and between normal pacing group and arrhythmia group ( P ＞ 0. 05 ). In coronary MSCT angiography, streak artifact of the pacemaker can render segments of the coronary artery uninterpretable, especially on S1, S2, S3, S4 and S8 segments of the coronary artery. Small shifts in the reconstruction window resulted in significance reduction of streak artifact ( x2 = 151. 818, P ＜ 0. 01 ). Conclusions 640-slice gated CT coronary angiography could provide excellent image quality for patients with pacemaker. The streak artifact induced by pacemaker on some segments of the coronary artery could be improved by small shifts in the reconstruction window.

Background:The clinical outcome of transtrochanteric rotational osteotomy (TRO) for osteonecrosis of the femoral head (ONFH) remains controversial,and the promising clinical results of several Japanese studies could not be reproduced in American and European studies.Trying to solve controversies on TRO for ONFH rising from apparently conflicting studies,a meta-analysis was conducted to assess the 5-and 10-year hip survival rates (with conversion to artificial joint replacement and radiographic failure as endpoints) after TRO.Methods:All eligible studies were searched in seven comprehensive databases including PubMed,Web of Science,Embase,Cochrane Library,VIP Database,China Knowledge Resource Integrated Database,and Wan Fang Database prior to June 2019.The outcomes evaluated were 5-and 10-year hip survival rates after TRO.The odds ratio and risk difference for the non-comparative binary data with the 95％ confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated for each outcome.The included studies were assessed for methodologic bias and potential reasons for heterogeneity were explored.Results:Nineteen studies of TRO for ONFH were eligible for this meta-analysis according to inclusion criteria.Based on the previous report,two calculation methods (Methods 1 and 2) were adopted in this meta-analysis.Furthermore,we performed a subgroup analysis of the 5-and 10-year hip survival rates (Method 1) after TRO for ONFH:Asian sub-population and non-Asian subpopulation.Taking conversion to artificial joint replacement as the endpoint,5-and 10-year hip survival rates (Method 1) after TRO for ONFH in the Asian population were 0.86 (95％ CI =0.82-0.89) and 0.72 (95％ CI =0.65-0.78),respectively,and 5-and 10-year hip survival rates after TRO for ONFH in the non-Asian population were 0.55 (95％ CI =0.43-0.67) and 0.42 (95％ CI =0.28-0.55),respectively.The 5-and 10-year hip survival rates (Method 2) after TRO for ONFH were 0.90 (95％ CI =0.79-0.95) and 0.89 (95％ CI =0.81-0.94),respectively.Taking radiographic failure as the endpoint,5-and 10-year hip survival rates after TRO for ONFH were 0.70 (95％ CI =0.64-0.76) and 0.53 (95％ CI =0.46-0.61),respectively.Conclusions:The 5-and 10-year hip survival rates after TRO for ONFH were satisfactory in the Asian population,and were acceptable in the non-Asian population despite high early failure rates.

BACKGROUNDThe aim of this research was to investigate the changes in the vision-related resting-state network (V-RSN) in pituitary adenoma (PA) patients after vision improvement, which was induced by operative treatment.

METHODSTen PA patients with an improved visual acuity or/and visual field after transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection were recruited and underwent a complete neuro-ophthalmologic evaluation, as well as an magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocol, including structural and resting-state functional MRI sequences before and after the operation. The regional homogeneity (ReHo) of the V-RSN was evaluated. Two sample t-test was performed to identify the significant differences in the V-RSN in the PA patients before and after transsphenoidal pituitary tumor resection.

RESULTSCompared with the preoperation counterparts, the PA patients with improved vision after the operation exhibited reduced ReHo in the bilateral thalamus, globus pallidus, caudate nucleus, putamen nucleus, supplementary motor area, and left hippocampal formation, and increased ReHo in the bilateral cuneus gyrus, calcarine gyrus, right lingual gyrus, and fusiform gyrus.

CONCLUSIONSPA patients with improved vision exhibit increased neural activity within the visual cortex, but decreased neural activity in subareas of the multisensory and multimodal systems beyond the vision cortex.

Adenoma ; pathology ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Pituitary Neoplasms ; pathology ; Young Adult

This study was proposed to investigate the sensitivity and resistence of HEL cells co-cultured with bone marrow stromal HS-5 cells to chemotherapeutic drugs. HEL cells were cultured in direct contact with HS-5 cells for 6, 12, and 24 h. Cell Counting Kit-8 (CCK-8) was used to determine the sensitivity of HEL cell to cytarabine, methotrexate, VP16, and daunomycin. Cell cycle distribution was determined by using flow cytometry. Real-time RT-PCR was performed to detect the transcription levels of p19, p21, p27, MDR1, ABCG2 and bcl-2. Western blot was performed to determine the protein levels of p-Akt(Ser473), p-glycogen synthase kinase 3β (p-GSK3β(Ser9)), p-signal transducer and activator of transcription (p-STAT3(Tyr705)), Bcl-2, cleaved-Notch1(V1754), and Hes1. The results showed that chemo-sensitivity of HEL cells was remarkably reduced when co-cultured with HS-5 cells. HEL cells were arrested in the G(0)/G(1) phase after co-culture for 24 h. Transcription of p21 was significantly up-regulated at 6 h. Transcription of p19 decreased at 12 h and returned to baseline at 24 h. No significant changes in the mRNA expression of other genes were found. The expressions of p-Akt(Ser473), p-GSK3β(Ser9), cleaved-Notch1(V1754) and Bcl-2 proteins were significantly up-regulated in HEL cells, and Hes1 protein was significantly down-regulated. There was no change in p-STAT3(Tyr705) expression. It is concluded that the direct contact with HS-5 cells can reduce the chemo-sensitivity of HEL cells.
Bone Marrow Cells ; cytology ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Coculture Techniques ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 ; metabolism ; Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta ; Humans ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 ; metabolism ; STAT3 Transcription Factor ; metabolism ; Sincalide ; analogs & derivatives ; metabolism ; Stromal Cells ; cytology