Objective To investigate the variational regularity of cardiac function in the early term infants.Methods Dynamic change of cardiac function was monitored by color Doppler echocardiography from the 1st day to 7th day after birth in the term infants,the indexes including blood-pumping function and flow rate of all valve orifices.Results Left ventricular ejection fraction appeared to be no difference during the first 3 days after birth.it gradually increased on the 5th and 1st days,while it was obviously higher on the 6th and 7th days than that of the first 3 days(P0.05).Conclusions Blood-pumping function of left ventricle gradually increases with days in the 1st week after birth.it attains to the maximum on the 6th and 7th days.The AV and PV gradually increase in the 1st week,too.Diastolic function of right ventricle is mature step by step.

Objective To study the effects of rehabilitation training on the regeneration of nerve cells in rats after intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH).Methods A total of 75 male SD rats were randomized into a training group,a control group and a sham operated group,25 rats/group.The ICH models were induced by stereotactical injection of collagenase type Ⅶ into the globus pallidus.The training group was trained with grasp,balancing and rotating exercise every day,the control group was restricted to their cages,and the sham operated group received normal saline injections.Each group was further subdivided into 1,4,7,14 and 28 day subgroups.Neurological function was measured in each group.Bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU) was used to label S phase cells,immunohistochemical single and double staining with antibodies against BrdU,microtubal-associated protein (MAP) and neuronal nuclei (NeuN) were used to determine neuronal proliferation,migration and differentiation in the subventricular zone ( SVZ ) and subgranular zone (SGZ) in the training and control groups.Results The motor function scores of the animals in the rehabilitation group were significantly lower than those of the control group.Proliferative BrdU + cells of the SVZ and SGZ in the control group rats were clearly less than those in the rehabilitation training rats at all time points.The results of the immunohistochemical double staining indicated that one week after ICH BrdU +/MAP + cells in the SVZ had increased significantly in the training group compared to the control group,and then decreased two weeks later.At the same time,BrdU +/MAP cells were found in the striatal boundary on the hemorrhage side,in numbers up to 8 times that in the control group.In the rehabilitation group striatal neuron differentiation on the hemorrhage side was 2 to 3 times that in the control group.Conclusion Rehabilitative training can enhance nerve cell proliferation,regeneration and neuron migration after ICH.

The concept of Biomedical Engineering is introduced,as well as its advantages and clinical application.The characteristic of Biomedical Engineering which combing biomedicine with engineering is discussed by examples along with its innovative practice in clinic.Advices on future developing of Biomedical Engineering are brought forward.

Adolescent ; Cardiomyopathy, Dilated ; diagnosis ; etiology ; physiopathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Graves Disease ; complications ; diagnosis ; physiopathology ; Humans

ObjectiveTo investigate the clinical features of Chinese dysgraphia and then probe into its mechanisms in a patient with semantic dementia(SD).MethodsThe patient with SD finished the writing part of the Aphasia Battery of Chinese (Aphasia Battery of Chinese,ABC) and the Chinese agraphia battery (Chinese agraphia battery,CAB ) in addition to a series of other neuropsychological tests.Results( 1 ) On the Wechsler Adult intelligence scale,the patient performed poorly on information and vocabulary with scores of 6/29 and 8/80,respectively.He spoke out only 11 names totally on the category fluency test within 1 minute,while 25 names or more than were normal.Semantic features test showed he made 37 right answers of 60 questions,with scores of 8/20 on category,7/20 on function and 8/20 on nature features.(2)The writing disorder exhibited Chinese aphasia agraphia with obvious difficulty in forming characters,wrong characters of the same pronunciation or the same form or unrelated errors,and grammatical impairments.Its damage from serious to light occurred in picture writing( 6/40),writing sentences to convey meaning(1/10),dictation(11/40) and automatic writing(35/40).The transcription was relatively preserved (40/40 ). (3)He scored 20 and 19 points on MMSE and MoCA.Executive function was damaged significantly,while recent memory was preserved relatively.ConclusionThe patient with SD shows an impoverished store of general knowledge and poor comprehension of single-word.The nature of SD's dysgraphia presents Chinese aphasia agraphia,undoubtedly due to progressive deterioration in semantic memory.More importantly,its error types and distribution show apparent discrepancy from that of alphabetic script.Presumably because Chinese writing system is logographic in nature and the pathway of comprehension concerning syllable-orthography-morphemes mapping,while alphabetic writing system follows a principle of mapping graphemes on-to phonemes and letters themselves dont stand for any meaning.

Sleep disorders are commonly occurred among patients with Parkinson's disease,such as difficulties in the initiation of sleep,fragmented sleep,sleep behavior disorder and excessive daytime sleepiness.The mechanism of sleep disorders associated with Parkinson's disease is not clear,which may be associated with the injury of brain stem,nuclei of median raphe,nuclei fasciculi solitarii,thalamencephalon and the changes of neurotransmitters as dopamine,hypocretin(orexin) and melatonin.This article gives an overview of the mechanism of sleep disorders associated with Parkinson's disease.

Background As a main suppressing neurotransmitter in visual system,gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) participates in the transmission and regulation of visual information.GABA and dopamine (DA) coexist in the visual cortex,and their mutual effects should be clarified.Objective This study was to investigate the effect of DA on GABA-activated current in vitro in cultured visual cortical neurons of rats.Methods Neutrons from visual cortex of clean neonatal rats were isolated and cultured by explant culture method.The neutrons cultured for 11 -to 14- days were collected for the record of whole cell currents of GABA-A (IGABA) channels in vitro using patch clamp technique.The DA solution (100mmol/L),SKF38393 (10mmol/L) solution and quinpirole solution(10mmol/L) were prepared with double distilled water and then the extracellular fluid was added to different concentrations.The IGABA changing rate under the action of SKF38393+SCH23390,SKF38393+Quinpirole for different time was recorded respectively and compared with that of action of DA,SKF38393,SCH23390,Quinpirole.The IGABA activated by extracellular fluid along served as control.Results The IGABA was significantly attenuated after activated by ≥10μmol/L of DA or SKF38393 separately in comparison to that of extracellular fluid action (P＜0.05).In various time of action,there were obviously differences in IGABA between DA or SKF38393 action and extracellular fluid (P＜0.05,P＜0.01).No evident change in IGABA changing rate was found after only SCH23390 action in comparison with extracellular cells (P＜0.05).However,after combination of SCH23390 and SKF38393,IGABA changing rate reduced by 19.49%.No significant differences were found in the changing rates of IGABA among different concentrations of quinpirole action groups compared with extracellular fluid group (P＞0.05);while when quinpirole was combined with SKF38393,the IGABA was elevated in comparison with only SKF38393 action group (P＜0.05).Conclusion Dopamine participates in the transfer and regulation of visual information through suppressing GABA-activated currents from neutrons of visual cortex at time-dependent manner in vitro.

Background The rat model of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea (MNU)-induced photoreceptor cell apoptosis is often used to study retinal degeneration.But the changes in the gene expression patterm in retinal degeneration in rats have not been reported.Objective This study was undertaken to investigate regulation of gene expression in the retina of MNU-induced retinal degeneration in rats by performing microarray analysis of retinal RNA.Methods Fifty 6-week-old SD rats were numbered and randomized into the normal group and the model group.The retinal degeneration model was established by a single hypodermic injection of 40 mg/kg of MNU,and the rats in the normal group received equivalent volume of physiological saline in the same way.The rats were sacrificed 12 hours or 24 hours after injection.Retinal sections from the right eyes were prepared for the measurement of the retinal thickness by histopathological examination,and retinas from the left eyes were used to confirm the differential gene expression as detected by microarray (normal group and 12 hours model group).Genes exhibiting changes in expression by ≥2.0 folds were further confirmed using real-time PCR.Results The whole thickness of the retina declined in the rats from the 24 hours model group compared to the normal group and 12 hours model group (t =9.926,P=0.002;t=2.736,P=0.028).The thickness of the outer nuclear layer was (26.58±2.90) μm in the 24 hours model group,showing a significant decrease in comparison with (38.11 ± 1.01) μm in the normal group and (35.07t3.03) μm in the 12 hours model group (t=6.028,P=0.009;t=6.839,P=0.006).However,there was no significant difference in retinal thickness between the normal group and the 12 hours model group (whole thickness:t=1.541,P=0.324;outer nuclear layer thickness:t=2.040,P=0.134).Microarray analysis of the rat genes showed that out of 17 000 genes,142 genes involved in biological process and 94 genes involved in molecular functions were differentially expressed,where most of them participate in the mitogen activated protein kinase signaling pathway,Tolllike receptor signaling pathway and apoptosis pathway.Real-time PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of CCL2,IL-1b,CCL3,c-fos,c-myc,p53 and MMP3 were consistently up-regulated,conforming with the results from microarray analysis.Conclusions The changes in gene expression pattern appear in the early stage of MNUinduced retinal degeneration.These microarray results provided clues to understanding the molecular pathways underlying photoreceptor degeneration and indicating the directions for future studies.

Purpose To compare the therapeutic effects of CO2 laser resection and traditional split laryngeal surgery on the early laryn-geal cancer, and to examine relationship between the expression of p27 and PTEN and clinical prognosis in early laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. Methods 85 patients who underwent CO2 laser resection surgery and 46 patients who underwent split laryngeal surger-y were selected and the occurrence rates after surgery were observed. SP immunohistochemical method was uesd to detect the expression of p27 and PTEN in tumor resection marginal and their surgical margine tissues. Clinical data were collected and all patients were fol-lowed up. Results In the more than two-year follow-up study, 14 of 85 patients in CO2 laser treatment group ( recurrent group) pres-ented with local recurrence and the recurrence rate was 16. 5%, while 6 of 46 patients in split laryngeal surgery group presented with local recurrence and the recurrent rate was 13. 0%. There was no statistical significance in recurrence rate between the two groups ( P> 0. 05). 10 of all the none recurrent patients did not follow the doctor’s advice to quit smoking after the operation, while 12 in the recurrent patients did not, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (P<0. 01). The positive rate of p27 and PTEN in laryngeal carcinoma tissues and the cancer adjacent tissues ( negative surgical margin tissues ) was 43. 5% ( 57/131 ) , 80. 2% (105/131) and 48. 9% (64/131), 83. 2% (109/131), respectively, with a significant difference (P<0. 01). The positive rate of p27 and PTEN in laryngeal carcinoma tissues of the recurrent group and non recurrent group was 20. 0% (4/20), 47. 7% (53/111) and 10. 0% (2/20), 55. 9% (62/111), respectively, with a significant difference (P<0. 05). While the positive rate of p27 and PTEN in tumor resection marginal tissues of the recurrence group and non recurrence group was 50. 0% ( 10/20 ) , 85. 6% ( 95/111) and 40. 0% (8/20), 91. 0% (101/111), the difference was also statistically significant (P<0. 01). Conclusions There was no statistically significant difference in tumor recurrence rate between CO2 laser surgery and traditional split laryngeal surgery. Postoper-ative recurrence is closely related to resume smoking. The recurrence rate of p27 and/or PTEN negative patients was higher than that of the opposite ones which should be followed up closely after treatment.

Objective:To explore the correlation among the expression of p53, p21, and PCNA in the negative surgical margin of early laryngeal cancer and its relationship with local recurrence of the cancer. Methods:Data of 92 patients with early laryngeal cancer admitted to the Tangshan Union Hospital from 2004 January to 2010 December were selected. Immunohistochemical method was used to detect the expression of p53, p21, and PCNA in the negative surgical margin tissues of cancer. All patients were followed up for two years to observe survival status and tumor recurrence. Results:The expression of P53, p21, and PCNA had no differences in the cancer tissues in terms of grade and stage. Two years after the surgery, 16 of the 92 patients with laryngeal cancer presented recurrence with a rate of 17.39%. The recurrence rates of expression of p53, p21 and PCNA protein in the positive cut edge were 50.00%, 34.21%and 33.33%, significantly higher than those of negative ones (8.33%, 5.56%and 9.68%). The positive rates of the three proteins were higher in the recurrence specimen than in the non-recurrence while there was a significant correlation between expression of PCNA and p21 (P<0.01). The expression of both p21 and p53 in laryngeal carcinoma was also significantly correlated with the negative margin. Con-clusion:The expression of p53, p21, and PCNA in the surgical margin of early laryngeal cancer are valuable biological markers for the prognosis of these patients. Thus, combined detection of p53, p21, and PCNA in laryngeal margin tissues can be used as a predictive in-dicator of the recurrence.