In recent years, the incidence of diabetes has been increasing year by year. Along with it, the problems of high medical cost and health resource shortage also make the diabetes the key chronic disease of health service management in our country. There are significant features and advantages in treatment of diabetes with traditional Chinese medicine. Therefore, the construction mode of two-way referral care for diabetes patients between TCM hospitals and community medical institutions is just unfolding. Based on the status quo of TCM treatment for diabetes, this article reviewed the present basic situation of the two-way referral care for diabetes patients in TCM hospitals and community medical institutions, discussed the significance of this mode for diabetes patients in TCM hospital, emphasized the feasibility and validity of implementing this mode, and provided beneficial exploration and consideration for further development of this mode for diabetes patients between TCM hospitals and community medical institutions.

Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Tracheal Stenosis

Objective:To establish a highly sensitive, rapid and selective liquid chromatography mass spectrometry (LC-MS) method for the determination of metoprolol in rat plasma.Methods:A simplified liquid-liquid extraction with acetidin was employed for the sample preparation. The separation was carried out on a Thermo ODS-C_(18)(5 μm,100 mm×2.1 mm).The mobile phase consisted of acetonitrile-methanol-water(20∶20∶60). Propranolol was used as the internal standard. The detection was performed on a liquid chromatography mass spectrometry by selected ion monitoring(SIM) scan mode electrospray ionization(ESI).Results and Conclusion:The range of calibration curve was 0.1-50 ng/ml and the limit of quantification was 0.1 ng/ml. The intra- and inter-day precision RSD was less than 15%.This method is sensitive, simple,rapid and suitable for the pharmacokinetic study of metoprolol.

Small Animal Radiation Research Platform (SARRP) is a highly efficient platform specifically designed for research in the fields of radiation oncology and radiobiology.This platform possesses precise radiometers with gantries capable of isocentric,coplanar,and non-coplanar contormal irradiation.Based on the three-dimensional images acquired by the cone-beam computed tomography,the platform can perform real time treatment planning and irradiation,which assures timeliness for precise irradiation and research on small animals.The wide application of SARRP not only accelerates the bench to bedside translation,but also facilitates the development of radiation oncology and radiobiology.

Objective To study the immobilization effect and keep the accurate treating position of Body-Fix (R) device in the patients with vertebral metastatic tumor treated by hypofractionated intensitymodulated radiotherapy.Methods From October 2008 to February 2010,six nasopharyngeal carcinoma patients with 10 treated lesion with vertebral metastasis who were treated by hypofractionated intensitymodulated radiotherapy and immobilized by the Body-Fix (R) device were enrolled in this study.Three sets cone beam CT images were taken and recorded when patient was underway the initial setup,position correction and after radiation delivery.Comparing these images with the planning CT images to get the setup errors and the intrafractional position shifting,and the immobilization effect of Body-Fix (R) device was analyzed.Results In the upper,middle and lower sections of the vertebrae,the intrafractional setup errors in the left-right direction were (-0.6±0.5) mm,(-0.1 ±1.0) mm,(0.0±0.4) mm,with in the superior-inferior direction (1.0 ± 1.4) mm,(4.8 ± 5.7) mm,(0.0 ± 0.3) mm and in the anterior-posterior direction (1.2 ± 5.2) mm,(-0.3 ± 0.3) mm,(0.0 ± 0.5) mm,respectively.Conclusions With Body-Fix (R) device,the intrafractional setup errors can be minimized within 2 mm which make the accurate spinal radiosurgery technique possible.

Adult ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; surgery ; Humans ; Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms ; surgery ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective:To study the morphologic and phenotypic characters of a macrophage-tumor vaccine,and to observe the effect of macrophage-tumor vaccine on inducing CTL respose.Methods:The super-structure and the expression of CD14,CD68,CD80,CD86,MHC Ⅱ molecules of macrophage-tumor cells were detected with electron microscope,immunofluorescence staining and flow cytometry respectively.Meanwhile,H22 tumor cells were transplanted to the mice that had been immunized with different tumor vaccines.The weight and volume of tumors,the tumor cell injure rate and the level of LDH in culture supernatant were detected with direct measurement,MTT and selection methods.Results:The macrophage tumor vaccine cells were large cells with an irregular outline,and generally displayed pseudopodium,membrane folding,and vesicles on the cell surface.The predominant cytoplasmic organelles were lysosomes,secondary lysosomes and residual bodies.The percentage of CD14,CD68,CD80,CD86 and MHC Ⅱ positive cells within the differentiated population were 53.90%,98.60%,26.50%,90.20% and 25.40% respectively.The results of experiment in vivo revealed that the tumor forming rate,volume and weight of the group immunized with macrophage-tumor vaccine were much lower than that of control group and the group that were immunized with the macrophages that were induced by liquid paraffin (P0.05),the tumor weight and volume of the group immunized with the macrophage-tumor vaccine were lower than those of the group immunized with inactivated tumor cells(P

Adult ; Faculty ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Sampling Studies ; Sleep ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Young Adult

Objective To study the changes of iodine source and the nutritional status of iodine after termination of iodized salt supply in the areas with different water iodine concentrations in Shanxi province,in order to provide scientific bases for developing strategies on control and prevention of iodine deficiency disorders,and to study the cut-off value of water iodine level where iodized salt supply should be stopped.Methods In 2010 in Shanxi province,6 villages with 100％ of non-iodized salt consumption rate were selected as the survey spots based on the iodine concentration in drinking water of 0-,50-,100-,150-,300-,≥500 μg/L.Villages'iodized salt supply was terminated thoroughly.In each village,20 children aged 8 to 10 were selected.At the same time,women of childbearing age 18 to 50 years old and adult men aged 18 to 60 were selected from the same families as the children.Diet surveys were conducted by the method of 3 days recall on all subjects.Drinking water samples,staple foods,supplementary foods and urinary samples of all subjects were collected and the iodine concentration was determined by arsenic-cerium catalytic spectrophotometry.Results ①In the villages of water iodine 25.9,70.6 μg/L,the medians urinary iodine of children,women and men were all ranged from 100 to 199 μg/L,which meant their iodine nutrition levels were appropriate.In the village of water iodine 109.0 μg/L,the medians urinary iodine of children,women and men were all ranged from 200 to 299 μg/L,which meant their iodine nutrition levels were more than appropriate.In the villages of water iodine 225.8,430.0,581.2 μg/L,the medians urinary iodine of children,women and men were all ≥ 300 μg/L,which meant their iodine nutrition levels were too high.②)In all the 6 villages,the intaking amount of iodine met and exceeded the standard recommended intake of dietary iodine by ICCIDD/UNICEF/WHO (8 to 10-year-old children ≥ 120 μg/d,women of childbearing age and adult men ≥ 150 μg/d).But in the village of water iodine 581.2 μg/L,the iodine intake was exceeded the daily maximum safe intake (children aged 8 to 10 ≤800 μg/d,women of childbearing age and adult man ≤ 1000 μg/d).③The amount of iodine ingestion from drinking water was increased with the water content of iodine.When water iodine exceeded 100 μg/L,the amount of iodine ingestion from drinking water was higher than from food intaking,and became a main resource of iodine in the human body.Conclusions In the counties of iodine concentration in drinking water above 100 μg/L in high iodine areas of Shanxi province,the water iodine becomes the most important source of iodine,and iodine nutritional level is more than appropriate or possible excess.It is recommended that in areas of high water iodine of Shanxi province,the standard cut-point of water iodine value is set to 100 μg/L.

Objective:To develop a liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry employing precolumn derivatization method for determination of peramivir in rat plasma.Methods: The sample preparation consisted of a protein precipitation extraction followed by derivatization with hydrochloric acid (10 mol/L) methanol (10∶90, v/v) and determined by liquid chromatography coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS). The positive ion SRM mode was performed and the precursor-to-the-product ion transitions of m/z 343→284 and 299→152 were used to measure the derivative of peramivir and Ro 64-0802 (I.S.). The chromatographic separation was achieved using a Zorbax RX-C8 (2.1 mm × 150 mm × 5 μm) analytical column with an isocratic mobile phase composed of acetonitrile-water-formic acid (30∶70∶0.1, v/v/v, 0.2 ml/min). Results:The method was linear over a concentration range of 10 to 10 000 ng/ml. The LLOQ was 10 ng/ml. The average inter-day/intra-day precision values ranged from 5.0% to 7.1%, respectively, while the accuracy values ranged from 89.9% to 106.1%.Conclusion: In this method, retention time is greatly improved, the matrix effects are decreased by chemical derivatization. This method has been successfully applied to the preclinical and clinical research of peramivir.