Currently, as an important raw material of Chinese traditional patent medicines, Paridis Rhizome is in great demand, which led to its price increases. In order to protect the wild resources and satisfy market demand of Paridis rhizome, the researches in various directions were conducted, involved its chemical composition, pharmacological action, clinical application, resource investigation, artificial cultivation, etc. Herein, the chemical studies of genus Paridis Rhizome, aerial parts of Paridis Rhizome gummy and starchy Paridis Rhizome, and the studies of endophyte in Paridis Rhizome were reviewed and analyzed in order to explore the substitutes of Paridis Rhizome, and provide the reference for the enlargement of medicinal resources of Paridis Rhizome. It manifests that the steroidal saponins, the important chemical compositions in Paridis Rhizome were tested in genus Paridis Rhizome, aerial parts of Paridis Rhizome, gummy Paridis Rhizome and the endophyte in Paridis Rhizome. However, the further experimental studies and clinical verification works should be carried out to confirm the final substitute.
Animals ; Drug Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Liliaceae ; chemistry ; growth & development ; Rhizome ; chemistry ; growth & development

Objective To determine the effect of transcription and translation in telomeric related proteins,and synergism of progressive telomere shortening and cell cycle alteration in human lung adenocarcinoma A549 cell line,which is induced by antisense tankyrase oligonucleotide(asTANKS) combinated with antisense human telomerase reverse transcriptase(ashTERT) oligonucleotide.Methods A549 cells were randomly assigned as 3 test groups: ashTERT,ashTERT + asTANKS and asTANKS,three control groups(shTERT,sTANKS and blank).With individual intervention for different hours,the effect of transcription in hTERT mRNA was evaluated by RT-PCR,and telomerase activity was tested by ELISA-PCR,tankyrase activity was tested by Western blot as well.Moreover,telomere average length was analyzed by Q-FISH,and duration of proliferation was observed by population double test.Results Transcription in hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity for 48 hrs was inhibited obviously by ashTERT,but not by asTANKS.Progressive telomere shortening in A549 cells for 48 hrs was induced by either asTANKS or ashTERT(vs control,P

The existing processing methods, commercial specification and grades, and the marketing of Coptidis Rhizoma were systematical researched, referring to ancient, modern and contemporary medical literatures with the combination of our fieldwork on main origins of Coptidis Rhizoma and some herbs markets. Results showed that Coptidis Rhizoma processing methods mainly included sun-dried method and baked method anciently. For now, the processing methods become various, including thin paper-covering under the sun drying, direct drying, oven drying and microflame-fry drying. In the literatures, the main chemical constituent berberine was determined of its content to analyze the processing methods, finding that the sun drying and baked drying affect the berberine content, so the temperature must be controlled when drying. The thin paper-covering drying method is so cumbersome for large quantities of medicinal herbs and in wind conditions that it has been eliminated. Eventually, direct drying, oven drying and microflame-fry drying are chosen to the large-scale socialized production for their convenient and simple operation, making up the current main processing methods. Coptidis Rhizoma products have 3 specifications of Weilian, Yalian, Yunlian, of each specification there are 2 levels, but in fact the market of Weilian commodities overtakes the Yunlian, which only sold in parts of Yunnan, and the no-sale Yalian. The mainstream commercial Weilian are often sold in general way, gradeless and uniformly-priced. There are regional differences of the processing methods on Coptidis Rhizoma, which needs unified research and development of relevant standard operating procedures to ensure the quality of medicine, urgently. Coptidis Rhizoma product specifications and the intrinsic quality-grade correlation need to be further improved, which could provide a more reliable standard for quality at competitive prices, and it is recommended that "medicinal commercial specification and grade standard" content be increased into the Herbs part of Chinese Pharmacopoeia.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; methods ; China ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Coptis ; chemistry ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Rhizome ; chemistry

Objective:To explore the application effect of optimizing diet management in patients with hyperphosphatemia.Methods:Seventy-seven patients who underwent regular hemodialysis in the blood purification department of the First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University from September 2018 to June 2019 were selected. Patients were randomly divided into control group (39 cases) and intervention group (38 cases) by the method of random number table. The control group received routine nursing, while the intervention group received optimized dietary management intervention. The blood phosphorus, blood calcium, hemoglobin, albumin, dietary phosphorus related knowledge level and phosphorus control diet compliance of the two groups before and after the intervention were compared respectively.Results:After 3 months of intervention, the scores of knowledge about food phosphorus, compliance of phosphorus control diet and total score of the intervention group were (22.00±3.92), (34.82±4.69) and (56.82±7.48) points, which were higher than (18.46±3.57), (30.54±3.52) and (49.00±6.13) points of the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( tvalues were 4.146, 4.536 and 5.022, P<0.05). After 6 months of intervention, the scores of knowledge about food phosphorus, compliance of phosphorus control diet and total score of the intervention group were (25.74±3.36), (41.63±5.27) and (67.37±7.67) points, which were higher than (20.97±3.81), (32.36±4.38) and (53.33±6.80) points of the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( tvalues were 5.815, 8.403 and 8.504, P<0.05). After 3 months of intervention, the blood phosphorus level in the intervention group was 1.81 (1.67, 2.10) mmol/L, which was lower than 2.13 (1.87, 2.32) mmol/L in the control group, the difference was statistically significant ( Zvalue was-3.237, P<0.05). After 6 months of intervention, the blood phosphorus level in the intervention group was 1.75 (1.63, 1.91) mmol/L, which was lower than that in the control group 1.90 (1.83, 2.13) mmol/L, and the difference was statistically significant ( Zvalue was-3.343, P<0.01). Conclusion:Optimizing dietary management can improve patients' knowledge level of food phosphorus and dietary compliance of phosphorus control, effectively reduce blood phosphorus level, and have no obvious effect on nutritional status.

Objective To investigate and analyze the mental health status of the students from poor families and non-poor students by comparative study.Methods Conducting the cluster sampling methods,the author investigated 885 medical students with questionnaires.We input data with Epidata 3.0 software and described it with SPSS 11.0 statistical software,which also did the nonparametric rank sum test.Results 92.7％(667/719) students from poor families considered their economic status among the general level or much lower level.There were 41.9％(294/702) students from poor families who thought families' financial difficulties had positive effects on mental health.92.3％(664/719) students from poor families were never afraid that people around knew they were in work-study program.87.5％(629/719) students from poor families were satisfied with their life.Facing psychological problems,there's no difference with dissatisfaction in daily life and recourses for help between students from poor families and non-poor students except psychological consultation center and lovers P＞0.05).Conclusion Compared with non-poor students,the mental health of students from poor families in medical universities is good.The universities are supposed to pay more attention to the mental health of students who are neither poor nor non-poor and few students from poor families who are negatively impacted by their families' financial difficulties.

AIM:To investigate the protective effect of lycopene on primary mouse cerebrocortical neurons ex -posed to tert-butyl hydroperoxide ( t-BHP) and its mechanisms of in vitro.METHODS:Primary cerebrocortical neurons of newborn C57 mice were extracted and divided into normal group , t-BHP group, lycopene +t-BHP group and lycopene group.The neuronal damage was induced by t-BHP exposure for 24 h, and the cell viability was examined by MTT assay . ROS content was measured by flow cytometry , and the protein levels of Bax , Bcl-2, caspase-3, cleaved caspase-3 and cyto-chrome C were examined by Western blot .RESULTS:The primary mouse cortical neurons expressed MAP-2 protein.Ly-copene at concentration of 4μmol/L reversed the decrease in cell viability .Flow cytometry revealed that lycopene treatment attenuated ROS content under the condition of t-BHP exposure.In addition, the protein level of Bcl-2 was increased, and the expression of Bax , cleaved caspase-3 and cytochrome-C was suppressed in lycopene +t-BHP group.CONCLUSION:The protective effect of lycopene on cortical neurons with t-BHP-induced injury may be involved in the mechanism of neuro-nal antioxidative response by down-regulating caspase-3 and Bax/Bcl-2 through the mitochondrial apoptotic pathway .

OBJECTIVE To investigate theradiosensitization of combined inhibition of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3(STAT3) and hypoxia-inducible factor-1α(HIF-1α)on laryngeal squamous carcinoma of xenograft mice and its underlying mechanisms.METHODS Xenograft mice were divided into 5 groups randomly: control group(A), irradiation group(B), irradiation and AG490 group(C), irradiation and PX478 group(D), irradiation combined AG490 and PX478 group(E). The size of xenograft tumor was measured and calculated. The expression of Ki67 and HIF-1α was detected by immunohistochemical method. Western blot was used to detect the expression of PARP1.RESULTS The size of xenograft tumor in group E was smaller compared with that in group C and group D. There were significantly difference between them respectively (t=12.367,11.598,P=0.000). The expression of HIF-1α in group E was lower than that in group C and group D respectively, and there were significantly difference respectively(t=5.422, 3.000,P<0.05). Ki67 index in group E was lower compared with that in group C and group D respectively and there were significantly difference respectively (t=4.479, 4.352,P<0.05). The level of cleaved PARP-1 in group E was higher than that in group C and group D respectively and there were significantly difference respectively (t=5.507, 7.102,P<0.05). CONCLUSION Combined inhibition of STAT3 and HIF-1α can increase the radiosensitivity of human laryngeal squamous carcinoma in the xenograft mice.

OBJECTIVETo explore the effect of Panax notoginseng saponin (PNS) on the activity and content of beta-secretase in the brain of senescence accelerated mouse-prone 8 (SAMP8) mice with Alzheimer's disease.

METHODSTotally 32 SAMP8 mice were randomly divided into the normal control group, the high dose PNS group (200 mg/kg), the low dose group (100 mg/kg), and the huperzine A group (0.3 mg/kg), 8 in each group. Equal volume of double distilled water was given to those in the normal control group. All medication was given by gastrogavage, once daily for two successive months. The activity of BACE1 was assayed by direct immunofluorescent method (DIF). The content of BACE1 protein was detected by Western blot.

RESULTSThe relative fluorescence units (RFU/microg) was 2.008 +/- 0.031 in the high dose PNS group, 2.221 +/- 0.029 in the low dose PNS group, and 2.267 +/- 0.076 in the huperzine A group, all lower than that in the normal control group (2.403 +/- 0.058; all P < 0.01). The content of BACE1 protein was 0.900 +/- 0.028 in the high dose PNS group, 1.000 +/- 0.032 in the low dose PNS group, and 0.837 +/- 0.080 in the huperzine A group, all lower than that in the normal control group (2.210 +/- 0.074, all P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONPNS higher than 100 mg/kg could decrease the activity of BACE1 and down-regulate the content of BACE1 protein in the brain of SAMP8 mice.

Aging ; Alzheimer Disease ; metabolism ; Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases ; metabolism ; Animals ; Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases ; metabolism ; Brain ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Male ; Mice ; Panax notoginseng ; RNA, Messenger ; genetics ; Saponins ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVETo explore the effects of rearing patterns on diet and temperament traits among infants in urban areas.

METHODSA total of 480 25-30-month-old infants were randomly selected from the birth cohort in Hefei Maternal and Child Health Care Center in 2008. A household survey was conducted using China Toddler Temperament Scale (CTTS), Dietary Characteristics Questionnaire and Family Environment Questionnaire.

RESULTSOf the 430 surveyed households, there were three main rearing patterns including parents rearing pattern (Group A), grandparents rearing pattern (Group B) and joint rearing pattern (Group C), accounting for 33.0%, 21.2% and 45.8%, respectively. Infants in Group A tended to adopt processed food pattern, with poor rhythmicity and adaptability; infants in Group B tended to adopt fruit, vegetable, and cereals-based food pattern, with relatively poor rhythmicity; infants in Group C tended to adopt aquatic products and fruit/vegetable-based food pattern, with good rhythmicity and adaptability. Linear regression model showed that infants who consumed more aquatic products, high-protein food, and fruits/vegetables had more positive temperamental traits, whereas infants who consumed more processed foods had more negative temperamental traits.

CONCLUSIONSA joint rearing pattern may be a favorable rearing style for infants aged 25-30 months in urban areas in terms of diet and temperament traits.

Child Rearing ; Child, Preschool ; Diet ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena ; Temperament

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the impacts of maternal weight gain during pregnancy on offspring weight and obesity from birth to 24 months of age.

METHODSThe information on maternal pre-pregnancy body mass index (BMI), gestational weight gain and demographic characteristics were collected from 317 pregnant women. The information on offspring weight, BMI and breastfeeding data was obtained from various follow-up examinations from 0 to 24 months of age.

RESULTSThe logistic regression analysis showed that excessive gestational weight gain resulted in an increased risk of obesity in children at age of 6 months (adjusted RR=3.56, 95% CI:1.31-8.35) and 9 months (adjusted RR=2.87, 95% CI: 1.04-3.28) after adjustment for potential confounding factors. The linear regression model showed that there were significant correlations between gestational weight gain and Z score of weight in offsprings at birth (β=0.032, 95% CI: 0.008-0.057), 3 months (β=0.037, 95% CI: 0.013-0.062), 6 months (β=0.043, 95% CI: 0.017-0.068), 9 months (β=0.038, 95% CI: 0.013-0.063) and 12 months (β=0.034, 95% CI: 0.009-0.059), but not at 18 months and 24 months.

CONCLUSIONSExcessive gestational weight gain may affect offspring weight and increase the risk of obesity in children from birth to 12 months of age. During their second year of life, this effect will temporarily disappear.

Body Mass Index ; Body Weight ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Linear Models ; Logistic Models ; Obesity ; etiology ; Pregnancy ; Weight Gain