Differentiated cells can be induced into pluripotent stem cell by reprogramming with defined fators. The new method of stem cell technology marks a major breathrough. This paper reviews the establishment, identification and research progress about induction of pluripotent stem cell.

To reveal the scientific research situation of general hospitals in recent years in　china,the authors retrieved papers included in CBM、CCD and ISI Web of Knowledge,and compared　the production of papers from the general hospital in 15 sub-provincial cities during the period of 2000　-2009.Also the citation frequency of all papers and the average citation frequency were compared.

Objective We try to find the current situation of Hangzhou health research.Methods Using established evaluation index system to evaluate 8 medical service.Results Scientific research development level of 8 medical service is unbalanced,but input-output is balance.Conclusions According to the appraisal results,we suggest reduce the gap among the scientific level of medical service,train high-level personnel,strengthen the construction of key discipline and specialties,create the atmosphere of project application,and establish scientific research incentive system.

Service for key subjects is important for medical information institutions nowadays.This paper discusses the necessity of providing subject-oriented service,and proposes three service modes:information transmission mode,information analysis mode and information navigation mode.In addition,the guarantee measures are also discussed,including constructing a security system for subject literature,training high-quality services team,and promoting subject information service brand.

Objective To establish a scientific evaluation index system for medical service scientific research competitiveness for government assessment.Methods The evaluation indexes and their weights were determined after two rounds Delphi consultation.Results Construct a hierachical index system composed of three groups,namely investment,output and effects,including three first class index,13 second ones and 50 third ones after two rounds Delphi consultation.Conclusions The index system has reasonable structure and comprehensive contents,reflecting the core idea of scientific research competitiveness evaluation.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the significance of monitoring procalcitonin (PCT) when applying antibiotics to trichlorethylene (TCE)-induced dermatitis.

METHODSOne hundred and two patients who were hospitalized and recovered from TCE-induced dermatitis in our hospital from 2006 to 2013 were enrolled as subjects. Based on whether the PCT level was monitored or not, we divided patients into regular group and PCT group. For the regular group, we applied antibiotic treatment and determined the course of treatment based on clinical symptoms, laboratory test results, medical imaging results, and bacterial culture. For the PCT group, in addition to the above treatments, antibiotic treatment was applied when the PCT level was not lower than 0.25 ng/ml and stopped when the PCT level was lower than 0.25 ng/ml. The distribution of bacterial infection sites, type of bacteria, type of antibiotics, average period of hospitalization, and course of antibiotic treatment were compared between the two groups.

RESULTSThere were no significant differences in the distribution of bacterial infection sites, type of bacteria, type of antibiotics, and average period of hospitalization between the two groups (P > 0.05). The course of antibiotic treatment for the PCT group was significantly shorter than that for the regular group (25.37 ± 11.66 vs 20.58 ± 7.53 d, P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONUnder similar conditions of bacterial infection, antibiotic treatment of TCE-induced dermatitis based on the serum PCT level can significantly shorten the course of treatment and avoid the abuse of antibiotics.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; therapeutic use ; Bacteria ; Bacterial Infections ; Calcitonin ; analysis ; Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide ; Drug Eruptions ; drug therapy ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Monitoring, Physiologic ; Protein Precursors ; analysis ; Trichloroethylene ; toxicity

Objective To observe the effects of phlorizin on aorta of diabetes db/db mice and to explore its mechanism.Methods Sixteen diabetes db/db mice were randomized into two groups:untreated diabetic group (DM group) and diabetic group treated by phlorizin(DMT group) with eight db/m mice as normal control group(CC group).Phlorizin (20 mg/kg) was given in normal saline solution intragastrically to the mice of the DMT group for 10 weeks.Mice of the other two groups were given the same amount of saline solution intragastrically for 10 weeks.Animals were weighed weekly.At 10th weekend,all mice were fasted overnight and then sacrificed.Fasting blood was collected,and aortas were dissected.The blood samples were analyzed for fasting blood glucose (FBG),triglycerides (TG),total cholesterol (TC),Serum advanced glycation end products(AGEs)and malondialdehyde (MDA).Aortic tissue were examined microscopically.Results At 10th weekend,the weight (57.53±3.40)g and serum concentration of FBG(31.21±2.16) mmol/L,TG (0.39±0.12) mmol/L,TC(3.15±0.30)mmol/L,AGEs (0.28±0.04) AU/mg and MDA (15.18± 1.60)mol/L in DM group were increased than those in CC group (P＜0.01),and the weight(54.24± 1.28)g,FBG(29.17±1.41) mmol/L,TG(0.26±0.06) mmol/L,TC(2.71±0.26) mmol/L,AGEs (0.24±0.03) AU/mg and MDA(13.46±1.28)mol/L were lowered significantly in DMT group than those in DM group (P＜0.05 or P＜0.01).The severity of aorta damage in DMT group was less than that in DM group.Conclusions Phlorizin can protect the db/db mice from diabetic macrovascular complications,which may be attributed to its decreasing of blood glucose,TG,TC,and AGEs levels,and its antioxidant potential.

Adult ; Aged ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Male ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Thyroid Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; therapy

Objective To investigate the relationship between expression of active form of caspase-3 and cell cycle in Fas-mediated apoptosis of B lymphocytoma cell line MML-1. Methods MML-1 cells were incubated with agonistic anti-Fas antibody for different time,and cell apoptosis was induced.Cell apoptotic rates were analysed by flow cytometry,and sensitivity of MML-1 cells to apoptosis was determined.The expression of active form of caspase-3 was analysed by double staining with PI-Triton X and FITC-active caspase-3.Cyclin A,B_1 and E were selected as cell cycle markers for S,G_2/M and G_1 phase of MML-1 cells,and the expression of active form of caspase-3 was detected by flow cytometry. Results The cell apoptotic rate reached 56% after induction by Fas for 6 h.After induction by Fas for 4 h,the active form of caspase-3 was mainly expressed in cells of G_1 phase,while rarely in cells of S and G_2/M phase.Cells with negative cyclin A and B_1 and positive cyclin E expressed active form of caspase-3. Conclusion The expression of active form of caspase-3 in MML-1 cells mediated by Fas might be cell cycle dependent.Cells entering into late G_1 and early S phase first express active form of caspase-3,and their sensitivity to Fas-mediated apoptosis is the highest.

Objective To investigate therapeutic effects of phlorizin on the early stage of diabetic retinopathy(DR)in diabetic db/db mice.Methods The 24 db/db male mice were divided into 3 groups of phlorizin-treated diabetic group(20mg/kg of phlorizin by intragastric gavage)(DMT,n =8),diabetic group(normal saline solution by intragastric gavage)(DM,n=8),with C57BLKS/J db/ m mice as the control group(CC,n=8)for ten weeks.After ten weeks,all mice were sacrificed and the retina was isolated.The specimen was embedded in paraffin wax and sliced.The sections were dyed with Sudan red and observed for retinal morphological change.Meanwhile,the expressions of GSK-3β and phospho-GSK-3β in retinas were determined by western blot.Results During the study,the CC group showed good condition.The DM group featured with polydipsia,polyphagia and a rapid increase of body weight.Phlorizin-treated diabetic mice displayed much better than the DM group.Compared with CC group,DM group showed cells proliferation in capillary endothelia and obvious thickening in basement membrane.After administration of phlorizin,the vascular lesion of central regions was remarkably improved.The expression level of phospho-GSK-3β protein was lower in DM group than in control group(76.2±15.8 vs.255.4 ± 10.7,t =16.30,P＜0.01)and was higher in Phlorizin-treated DM group(188.5±18.4)than in DM group(76.2± 15.8,t=8.05,P＜0.01).Conclusions Phlorizin decreases phospho-GSK-3β3expression in retina in db/db diabetic mice and suppresses the GSK-3βactivity,which leads to the protection of DR.