Objective To observe the influence of oleanolic acid on the ethology of 9-month-old mice,the completeness of synapsis structure and the expression of cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) in cortex and hippocampus.Methods Thirty 9-month-old healthy male SMAP8 mice were randomly divided into model group,oleanolic acid group and aricept group,and with 10 rats in each group,while 10 healthy male mice of the same age and species as normal group.Oleanolic acid group and aricept group were given intragastric administration with corresponding drugs,while the normal group and model group were given the same amount of physiological saline.4 weeks later,the ethology changes were observed by Morris water maze and morphology changes of hippocampus neurons were viewed by electron microscope and the expression of CREB was detected by Western Blot.Results (1)Morris water maze results suggested that compared with the normal group,the latency time in the model group mice was longer,which were ((83.33±4.96) s,(75.13±6.01) s,(71.75±7.77) s,(63.40± 8.93) s,(60.97±8.38) s),while compared with the model group,the latency time in the oleanolic acid group and the aricept group was remarkably shorter (P＜ 0.05),which were (75.97± 4.49) s,(64.98± 4.93) s,(64.16± 6.23) s,(53.47±5.99) s,(47.91±7.64) s and (71.30±7.65) s,(63.32±7.57) s,(59.82±4.69) s,(52.28±5.90) s,(46.22±7.27) s respectively.In the spatial probe trial,compared with tbe normal group,the crossing times of the model was less,while compared with the model one,the crossing times of the oleanolic acid group and the aricept group was more(P＜0.05).(2)Compared with the normal group,the number of synapses in the model group was smaller,in which the synaptic cleft was mixed with the front of synapses severely swollen,uninform synaptic vesicles and few clear outlines of mitochondrias.While the oleanolic acid group and the aricept group had clear synapses outlines with the front of synapses slightly swollen,intensive and uniform synaptic vesicles and clear mitochondrias with their cristae not easy to be seen.(3) The Western Blot showed that compared with the normal group,there was a decline in the CREB expression both in the cortex and hippocampus in the model group,while compared with the model group,there was a rise in the oleanolic acid group as well as the aricept group(P＜0.05).Conclusion Oleanolic acid can improve the learning and memorizing of model rats,which is possibly related to the increased expression of CREB protein to protect the synapses structure of model mice.

OBJECTIVETo improve the outcome of the face-lift with a craniofacial contouring procedure.

METHODSThirty-seven patients aged 29-53 years (31 in female, 6 in male) were treated through a bicoronal incision. The facial tissue was lifted through a subperiosteal procedure and the facial skeleton was remodeled in three dimensions by osteotomies.

RESULTSThe results were satisfactory after the 3-12 months of the follow-ups.

CONCLUSIONSThe Face-lift combined with the facial aesthetic sculpturing may be more effective for the aging-face rejuvenating.

Adult ; Esthetics ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Rhytidoplasty ; methods

This study was designed to evaluate the effects of drilling through the growth plate and using adipose-derived stem cells (ADSCs) and bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) to treat femoral head epiphyseal ischemic necrosis,which can be done in juvenile rabbits.Passage-four bromodeoxyuridine (BrdU)-labeled ADSCs were cultured,assayed with MTT to determine their viability and stained with alizarin red dye to determine their osteogenic ability.Two-month-old,healthy male rabbits (1.2 to 1.4 kg,n=45) underwent ischemic induction and were randomly divided into five groups (group A:animal model control;group B:drilling;group C:drilling & ADSCs;group D:drilling & BMP-2;and group E:drilling & ADSCs & BMP-2).Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI),X-ray imaging,hematoxylin and eosin staining and BrdU immunofluorescence detection were applied 4,6 and 10 weeks after treatment.Approximately 90％ of the ADSCs were labeled with BrdU and showed good viability and osteogenic ability.Similar results were observed in the rabbits in groups C and E at weeks 6 and 10.The animals of groups C and E demonstrated normal hip structure and improved femoral epiphyseal quotients and trabecular areas compared with those of the groups A and B (P＜0.01).Group D demonstrated improved femoral epiphyseal quotients and trabecular areas compared with those of groups A and B (P＜0.05).In summary,drilling through the growth plate combined with ADSC and BMP-2 treatments induced new bone formation and protected the femoral head epiphysis from collapsing in a juvenile rabbit model of femoral head epiphyseal ischemic necrosis.

This study aimed to examine the biocompatibility of calcium titanate (CaTiO3) coating prepared by a simplified technique in an attempt to assess the potential of CaTiO3 coating as an alternative to current implant coating materials.CaTiO3-coated titanium screws were implanted with hydroxyapatite (HA)-coated or uncoated titanium screws into medial and lateral femoral condyles of 48 New Zealand white rabbits.Imaging,histomorphometric and biomechanical analyses were employed to evaluate the osseointegration and biocompatibility 12 weeks after the implantation.Histology and scanning electron microscopy revealed that bone tissues surrounding the screws coated with CaTiO3 were fully regenerated and they were also.well integrated with the screws.An interfacial fibrous membrane layer,which was found in the HA coating group,was not noticeable between the bone tissues and CaTiO3-coated screws.X-ray imaging analysis showed in the CaTiO3 coating group,there was a dense and tight binding between implants and the bone tissues;no radiation translucent zone was found surrounding the implants as well as no detachment of the coating and femoral condyle fracture.In contrast,uncoated screws exhibited a fibrous membrane layer,as evidenced by the detection of a radiation translucent zone between the implants and the bone tissues.Additionally,biomechanical testing revealed that the binding strength of CaTiO3 coating with bone tissues was significantly higher than that of uncoated titanium screws,and was comparable to that of HA coating.The study demonstrated that CaTiO3 coating in situ to titanium screws possesses great biocompatibility and osseointegration comparable to HA coating.

OBJECTIVETo study the clinical effects of Achillon for the treatment of acute Achilles tendon rupture (AATR).

METHODSFrom April 2009 to April 2010, 19 patients with AATR who were treated with Achillon were retrospectively analyzed. There were 17 males and 2 females, with an average age of 40.2 years (30 to 58 years). There were 9 cases of sports injury, and 2 case of fall injury. The time from injury to surgery ranged from 0 to 8 days (2.2 days on average). The results of Thompson test and single heel rise test were positive in 19 cases. Clinical data were assessed with the patient satisfaction and the AOFAS hindfoot score during follow-up.

RESULTSAll the patients were followed up, and the duration ranged from 12 to 28 months (19.9 months on average). The average operation time was 41 minutes. There were no wound infections, recurrent rupture, or sural nerve complications. At the latest follow-up, 18 patients were totally satisfied with the surgical result, 1 patient feel generally due to mild pain when running. None of the patients were dissatisfied with the final results the latest follow-up. At the latest follow-up, the AOFAS score was 98.42 +/- 3.29 (89 to 100). All the patients regained normal range of motion and were able to resume their previous activities at six months after operation, with a high rate of satisfaction. Average decreased of mid-calf circumference was (0.82 +/- 0.85) cm (ranged from 0 to 3 cm).

CONCLUSIONTreatment with Achillon is safe, effective for AATR with low incidence of complications and early active rehabilitation can be carried out. It is a good method to treat AATR.

Achilles Tendon ; injuries ; surgery ; Acute Disease ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures ; instrumentation ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture ; Suture Techniques ; instrumentation ; Tendon Injuries ; surgery

The study is aimed to ensure the quality and safety of medicinal plants by using ITS2 DNA barcode technology to identify Corydalis boweri, Meconopsis horridula and their close related species. The DNA of 13 herb samples including C. boweri and M. horridula from Lhasa of Tibet was extracted, ITS PCR were amplified and sequenced. Both assembled and web downloaded 71 ITS2 sequences were removed of 5. 8S and 28S. Multiple sequence alignment was completed and the intraspecific and interspecific genetic distances were calculated by MEGA 5.0, while the neighbor-joining phylogenetic trees were constructed. We also predicted the ITS2 secondary structure of C. boweri, M. horridula and their close related species. The results showed that ITS2 as DNA barcode was able to identify C. boweri, M. horridula as well as well as their close related species effectively. The established based on ITS2 barcode method provides the regular and safe detection technology for identification of C. boweri, M. horridula and their close related species, adulterants and counterfeits, in order to ensure their quality control, safe medication, reasonable development and utilization.
Base Sequence ; China ; Corydalis ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; DNA Barcoding, Taxonomic ; methods ; DNA, Plant ; chemistry ; genetics ; DNA, Ribosomal Spacer ; chemistry ; genetics ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Nucleic Acid Conformation ; Papaveraceae ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics ; Phylogeny ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; classification ; genetics

The first genetic linkage map of Salvia miltiorrhiza was constructed in 94 F1 individuals from an intraspecific cross by using simple sequence repeat (SSR), sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) and inter-simple sequence repeat (ISSR) markers. A total of 93 marker loci in the linkage map, consisting of 53 SSR, 38 SRAP and 2 ISSR locus were made up of eight linkage groups, covered a total length of 400.1 cm with an average distance of 4.3 cm per marker. The length of linkage groups varied from 3.3 -132 cm and each of them included 2-23 markers, separately. The result will provide important basis for QTL mapping, map-based cloning and association studies for commercially important traits in S. miltiorrhiza.
Chromosome Mapping ; Genetic Linkage ; Genetic Markers ; Microsatellite Repeats ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Salvia miltiorrhiza ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the available surgical treatment modalities so as to explore the optimal strategy of managing early breast cancer.

METHODSThe clinical data of 2173 consecutive early-stage breast cancer patients treated by surgery treatments were retrospectively reviewed in order to clarify the indications and contraindications of different modalities. Therapeutic outcome of different surgical treatment modes were compared in terms of recurrence-free survival ( RFS) , disease-free survival ( DFS) , overall survival (OS). The cosmetic results of breast conservation and reconstruction were also evaluated .

RESULTSThe median age of these patients was 51 years ranging from 18 to 91. Of 2173 patients, 547 had stage 0- I lesions and 1626 stage II , and 1155 (53. 2% ) premenopausal. The proportion of patients who received radical surgery, breast conservation and reconstruction after mastectomy was 83. 6% (1817/2173), 10. 5% (229/2173) and 2. 5% (55/2173) , respectively. Younger and premenopausal patients prefer conservative and reconstructive surgeries, which are reasonable for stage 0-I and non-invasive breast cancer patients. Conservative surgery was not suitable for Paget's disease of breast (P = 0. 004) , mastectomy followed by reconstruction in this type of cancer was up to 38. 5%. The recurrence and metastasis rate of conservation or mastectomy were similar with a comparable 3-year RFS of 97. 4% and 95. 4% , respectively; there were also no significant differences in RFS(P =0. 2435) , DFS( P =0. 1395) and OS(P =0. 9406) after having been followed for 3 to 64 months. Similarly, immediate reconstruction did not show any negative effects with only 1 recurrence and 1 metastasis. Aesthetic outcomes were assessed as excellent or good in 90. 0% of breast conservation surgery, and the acceptability of reconstruction was 94. 5%.

CONCLUSIONBreast conserving surgery not only has comparable survival as mastectomy, but also has better cosmetic outcomes. Immediate breast reconstruction can be a suitable option without compromising survival. It is very important in the management for early breast cancer by selecting the most suitable surgery mode for every individual patient not only to cure her disease but also to satisfy the patient psychologically. Conservation should be preferred prior to reconstruction whenever possible.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Breast Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast ; pathology ; surgery ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; pathology ; surgery ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Mastectomy ; methods ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Recurrence, Local ; Neoplasm Staging ; Paget's Disease, Mammary ; pathology ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; Retrospective Studies

Objective To explore whether preoperative treatment of hydrocephalus could change the occurrence of postoperative hydrocephalus after tumor resection in children with posterior fossa tumor, and analyze the risk factors of postoperative hydrocephalus. Methods Sixty-three children with posterior fossa tumors accompanied with hydrocephalus, admitted to our hospital from January 2003 to December 2009, were chosen; conservative treatment of preoperative hydrocephalus was performed in 43 patients and surgery was performed in the other 20 patients. The clinical data of these patients were retrospectively analyzed and the occurrence of postoperative hydrocephalus in patients performed conservative treatment and tumor resection was compared. Gender, age, Evans index, location of the tumor, extent of the tumor resection, pathology of the tumor were analyzed as risk factors using logistic regression. Results Occurrence of hydrocephalus after tumor resection showed no statistical differences between patients accepted conservative treatment (14/43, 32.6%) and patients received surgical treatment ([8/20, 40.0%], P=0.564). Evans index, location of the tumor and extent of resection were related to hydrocephalus relapse after tumor resection(P=0.029, P=0.036, P=0.038). Conclusion Preoperative treatment of hydrocephalus could not change the occurrence of hydrocephalus after tumor resection. Evans index, location of the tumor and extent of tumor resection are all risk factors of postoperative hydrocephalus.