Objective:To observe the clinical effect of mind-refreshing and orifice-opening needling method plus swallowing disorder therapeutic apparatus for deglutition disorder of stroke patients in convalescence stage.Methods:A total of 136 patients conforming to the inclusion criteria were randomized into three groups by the random number table,including group A of 46 cases,group B of 44 cases and group C of 46 cases.Patients in group A received swallowing disorder therapeutic apparatus treatment,patients in group B received mind-refreshing and orifice-opening needling method treatment,and patients in group C received mind-refreshing and orifice-opening needling method plus swallowing disorder therapeutic apparatus treatment.The treatment was given once a day for 10 d as a course,the whole treatment lasted for 4 courses.Therapeutic evaluation items including water-swallowing test (WST),standardized swallowing assessment (SSA) and modified Barthel index (MBI) were measured before treatment,after treatment and at follow-up visit (2 months after treatment).Results:After treatment,scores of WST and MBI in all three groups increased significantly (all P＜0.05),while the SSA score dropped significantly (all P＜0.05).After treatment and during follow-up visit period,score of WST in group C was significantly higher than that in group A and group B (both P＜0.05),while the difference between group A and group B showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05);the SSA score in group C was substantially lower than that in group A and group B (all P＜0.05),the difference between group A and group B showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05);the MBI scores in group B and group C were substantially higher than that in group A (all P＜0.05),the difference between group B and group C showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05).After treatment and during follow-up visit period,the differences in overall therapeutic effect between group A and group B showed no statistical significance (P＞0.05),while the overall therapeutic effect in group C was substantially better than that in group A and group B (all P＜0.05).Conclusion:Both mind-refreshing and orifice-opening needling method and swallowing disorder therapeutic apparatus can alleviate symptoms of deglutition disorder of stroke patients respectively,and the combination of two methods can improve the therapeutic effect.

To evaluate the properties of solidifying volatile oil with graphene oxide, clove oil and zedoary turmeric oil were solidified by graphene oxide. The amount of graphene oxide was optimized with the eugenol yield and curcumol yield as criteria. Curing powder was characterized by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The effects of graphene oxide on dissolution in vitro and thermal stability of active components were studied. The optimum solidification ratio of graphene oxide to volatile oil was 1:1. Dissolution rate of active components had rare influence while their thermal stability improved after volatile oil was solidified. Solidifying herbal volatile oil with graphene oxide deserves further study.
Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Clove Oil ; chemistry ; Curcuma ; chemistry ; Eugenol ; Graphite ; chemistry ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Oils, Volatile ; chemistry ; Oxides ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; chemistry ; Powders ; Sesquiterpenes

In order to evaluate the characteristic of porous starch (PS) as the solid dispersions carrier of the total Epimedium flavonoids (TEF), the PS was used. The dissolution of icariin was selected as an indicator to analyze the differences of dissolution between TEF and its solid dispersion. TEF was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray powder diffraction (XRD). Solid dispersion was irregular block and no powder characteristics of TEF and PS could be seen in SEM, DSC and XRD analysis suggested that TEF may be present in solid dispersion as amorphous substance. The dissolution rate of icariin has been improved significantly when the proportion of TEF and PS was 1:2. PS as a traditional solid dispersion carrier is worthy of further study.
Calorimetry, Differential Scanning ; Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Epimedium ; chemistry ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; Porosity ; Solubility ; Starch ; chemistry ; X-Ray Diffraction

Objective To assess whether metformin prevents body weight gain in patients with schizophrenia who are treated with second-generation antipsychotics(SGA).Methods The randomized controlled trials (RCT) about metformin for prevention of weight gain with SGA for schizophrenia from January 1998 to July 2012 were selected in the Cochrane Library,Medline,Wanfang Data,CNKI and VIP.Two reviewers independently screened the literatures,extracted the data,and evaluated the methodological quality.Than meta-analyses were conducted by using RevMan 5.1 software and Stata 12.0 software.Results The total 7 RCTs were selected and 394 patients were involved.The results of meta-analyses showed that the efficacy of the metformin group was superior to that of the control group in lessen body mass (MD =-3.07,95％ CI:-4.17,-1.98,Z =5.50,P ＜ 0.01),BWI (MD =-1.21,95％ CI:-1.50,-0.92,Z=8.18,P＜0.01) with significant differences.Conclusion Metformin addition therapy is effective in attenuating SGA-induced weight gain.

Objective To evaluate the relationship between 1H-MRS features of brain glioma and its pathological grade and invasiveness, and the correlation between those features and the expression of VEGF, MMP-9 and uPA.Methods The brain gliomas in 55 patients confirmed by pathology were divided into two groups: high grade and low one.An analysis of intragroup and intergroup differences in some metabolite ratios of 1H-MRS in the tumor parenchyma was conducted.The expression of MMP-9,VEGF and uPA in brain glioma was detected,and the correlation between the above three parameters and changes in metabolite ratios of 1H-MRS were explored.Results There was significant difference and correlation in Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA ratio in the tumor parenchyma between high and low grade(P<0.01).The expression of VEGF and MMP-9 in tumor was significantly different(P<0.01) but with significant correlation(P<0.01),and there was no significant difference and correlation in NAA/Cr ratio and uPA expression(P>0.05).Conclusion VEGF and MMP-9 play an important role in the development of brain glioma.Cho/Cr and Cho/NAA ratios provide an important reference for preoperative grading of brain gliomas and indirectly reflect the expression of VEGF and MMP-9.

Objective To investigate the social cognition and its correlation with social function for attenuated psychosis syndrome (APS). Methods From August, 2014 to December, 2015, 39 patients with APS were recruited as research group. Another 40 normal healthy persons with similar gender, ages, and education levels were selected as control group. The Faux Pas Recognition Test (FPR) and Yoni Task Test were used to evaluate the social cognition, and Social Disability Screening Schedule (SDSS) was used to evaluate the social function. The correlation between FPR, Yoni Task Test and SDSS in the research group was analyzed. Results In FPR test, the faux pas questions score, control questions score and total score of FPR were significantly lower in the research group than in the normal control group (t>2.378, P<0.01). In Yoni Task Test, the cognitive theory of mind total score (Cog), cognitive theory of mind first-level score (Cog1) and cog-nitive theory of mind second-level score (Cog2), and affective theory of mind total score (Aff), affective theory of mind first-level score (Aff1) and affective theory of mind second-level score (Aff2) were significantly lower in the research group than in the normal control group (t>2.341, P<0.01). There was no significant difference in control theory of mind total score (Phy), control theory of mind first-level score (Phy1) and control theory of mind second-level score (Phy2) between two groups (t<1.430, P>0.05). The SDSS total score was signifi-cantly higher in the research group than in the normal control group (t=13.032, P<0.001). In the research group, FPR's faux pas questions score and FPR's total score were negatively correlated with SDSS score (r>0.473, P<0.01); in Yoni task test, Cog's total score and factor scores, Aff's total score and factor scores were negatively correlated with SDSS score (r>0.448, P<0.01). Conclusion Social cognition func-tion in APS is impaired. It is associated with social dysfunction in APS.

Objective: To observe the effect of acupuncture on the expressions of insulin receptor β (InsR-β) mRNA and protein in the liver of experimental rats with insulin resistance (IR). Method: Twenty-four rats were randomly divided into 3 groups, control group (n=8),model group (n=8) and acupuncture group (n=8). Rats in the control group were fed with conventional food, and the other rats were induced into insulin resistance model with high fat-sugar-salt food. Once model was induced successfully, rats in the control group were fed with conventional food continually, rats in the model group were fed with high fat-sugar-salt food continually, and rats in the acupuncture group were fed with high fat-sugar-salt food, and treated with acupuncture for 2 weeks. The expression of InsR-β mRNA was detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR, and the expression of InsR-β protein was detected by Western blot. Result: Expressions of InsR-β mRNA and protein in the model group were significantly lower than those in the control group (P<0.01), and those in the acupuncture group were higher than those in the model group (P<0.01, P<0.05). The expressions of InsR-β mRNA and protein between the acupuncture and control group had no significant difference. Conclusion:Acupuncture treatment can increase the expressions of InsR-β mRNA and protein in IR rats'liver to improve insulin resistance.

Membrane proteins are the main undertakers of biofilm function, and also the most important target group for innovative drug discovery and research. About 60% of drugs targets are membrane proteins. Due to the obvious aggregation and denaturation tendency of membrane proteins in aqueous solution, it is difficult to simulate the membrane like environment to maintain the correct conformation of membrane proteins in vitro, which results in the slower-growing research on the structure and function of membrane proteins and related ligand drugs than that of water-soluble proteins. Membrane protein stabilization technology is the premise of establishing high specificity, high sensitivity and high throughput drug screening methods for membrane protein ligands, which is of great significance. In this paper, some techniques for stable separation and purification of membrane proteins are reviewed, including detergents, artificial membranes, polymers, lentiviral particles and so on, as well as their specific applications in drug screening.

Breast Neoplasms ; radiotherapy ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Mammary Glands, Human ; pathology ; radiation effects ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Survival Analysis ; Treatment Outcome

OBJECTIVETo observe effects of acupuncture and diet on insulin resistance (IR) and to probe the mechanism.

METHODSForty SID rats were equally divided into 5 groups: blank group (group I), model group I (group II), model group II (group III), acupuncture group I (group IV) and acupuncture group II (group V). The groups II, III, N and V were fed with high-fat-sugar-salt forage to made IR model, then the groups I, III and V were fed with normal forage, and the groups II and IV with the high-fat-sugar-salt forage, and the acupuncture groups IV and V received acupuncture treatment. Two weeks later, the fasting blood glucose (FBG), plasma insulin (INS), insulin sensitivity index (ISI), INS antibody and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha) were detected.

RESULTSAs compared with group I, FBG and INS increased, ISI decreased in the group II (all P < 0.01); as compared with the group II , FBG and INS decreased (all P < 0.01) and ISI increased (P < 0.05, P < 0.01) in the group [II, IV, V; no case with INS antibody (+) in all groups; TNF-alpha in the group II increased compared with that of the group I (P < 0.01), and TNF-alpha in the group III, IV, V decreased compared with that of group II (P < 0.01).

CONCLUSIONAcupuncture exerts a reversal effect on insulin resistance, and diet can promotes this effect. The mechanism is carried out possibly through decreasing the secretion of TNF-alpha.

Acupuncture Therapy ; Animals ; Insulin Antibodies ; blood ; Insulin Resistance ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; blood