OBJECTIVE:To provide reference for the establishment and improvement of work system for clinical pharmacist in PIVAS of our province even the country. METHODS:Questionnaire was conducted to investigate the PIVAS directors in the 65 third-grade class A hospitals in China,and the data was statistically analyzed. RESULTS:Totally 65 questionnaires were sent out, 63 were effectively received,with effective rate of 96.9%. 98.4% respondents thought PIVAS should equip clinical pharmacist,but the actual situation in respondent's hospital was not ideal. 100% thought clinical pharmacist in PIVAS should have the ability of prescription checking and prescription evaluation;more than 95% thought clinical pharmacist in PIVAS should assume the medi-cine publicity and education and need to have good communication with clinic;only 42.9% thought clinical pharmacist in PIVAS need to take part in the routine drug dispensing. CONCLUSIONS:It is necessary to equip clinical pharmacist with professional training in PIVAS. Clinical pharmacist in PIVAS should focus their ability on prescription checking and evaluation,medicine public-ity and education,communication with clinic.

Objective To analyze the viral infection in patients with acute exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)and its clinical significance.Methods 350 patients with acute exacerbation of COPD were collected.The viral infection and clinical manifestations,pulmonary function and imaging features were detected and analyzed.Results A total of 104 patients with viral infection,the proportion was 29.7%.Single virus infection in 74 cases(71.2%),the highest proportion was FluB(19.2%)in pathogen type,followed by FluA(15.4%).Multiple virus infection in 30 cases(28.8%),the highest proportion was RSV+FluB(11.5%).The virus infection in patients with sore throat(20.2% vs.6.9%),lung function grade(32.7% vs.20.3%),presence of pulmonary inflammatory lesions(57.7% vs.40.7)and the death rate(12.5% vs.0.8%)were significantly higher than those of the combined group of virus infection,the proportion of lung function was significantly lower than patients without viral infection,the differences were statistically significant(x2=6.546,5.477,4.987,4.124,3.997,all P<0.05).The proportion of respiratory failure in patients with acute COPD infection was 86.5%,which was higher than 62.6% of patients without viral infection,the difference was statistically significant(x2=19.837,P<0.05).Conclusion Acute exacerbation of COPD has a high proportion of virus infection,and the prognosis of patients is poor.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the effect of penile frenulum lengthening in the treatment of premature ejaculation (PE).

METHODSThirty-four males with PE were enrolled in this study, of whom 8 had received circumcision six months before and 4 had redundant prepuce, all with short frenulum. Those with a history of circumcision underwent reconstruction and lengthening of the frenulum, and those without received frenulum lengthening only.

RESULTSCompared with the baseline, the intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT) was significantly increased at 1 month after operation ([1.35 ± 0.49] vs [5.71 ± 2.69] min, t = -9.42, P <0.01), (1.42 ± 0.5) vs (5.31 ± 2.74) min in the patients without circumcision (t = -7.41, P <0.01), (1.12 ± 0.35) vs (7.00 ± 2.20) min in those with circumcision (t = -7.24, P <0.01), and (1.50 ± 0.58) vs (4.75 ± 1.71) min in those with redundant prepuce (t = -3.81, P <0.05). Totally, 94% of the patients were satisfied with their sexual intercourse postoperatively.

CONCLUSIONPenile frenulum plays an important role in penile erection. Reconstruction and/or lengthening of the frenulum can prolong penile erection and IELT in PE patients.

Adult ; Circumcision, Male ; rehabilitation ; Coitus ; Ejaculation ; Foreskin ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Penile Erection ; Premature Ejaculation ; surgery ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods

OBJECTIVETo investigate the clinical and pathological features, differential diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma.

METHODSThe clinical manifestations, histopathological features, immunohistochemistry, treatment and prognosis were analyzed retrospectively in 10 cases of granulocytic sarcoma.

RESULTSThe age of patients ranged from 10 to 56 years (means = 35.8 years). The male-to-female ratio was 1.5:1. Histologically, the malignant cells of granulocytic sarcoma grew in a diffuse pattern. The cytoplasm was scanty, with eosinophilic fine granularity in some cells. The nuclei were round or focally irregular, and had finely dispersed chromatin. The mitotic figures were visible. Immunohistochemical stains for MPO, CD43, CD117, CD34 and CD99 were positive.

CONCLUSIONSGranulocytic sarcoma can occur in patients of all ages with a male predominance. The diagnosis of granulocytic sarcoma is assisted by the cytochemical stain for naphthol-ASD-chloroacetate esterase and/or immunophenotypic analyses for MPO, CD43, CD117, CD34, CD99. These stains aid in the distinction of granulocytic sarcoma from: lymphoblastic lymphoma, Burkitt lymphoma, diffuse large B-cell lymphoma, small round cell tumours, particularly in children, and blastic plasmacytoid dendritic cell neoplasm.

12E7 Antigen ; Adolescent ; Adult ; Antigens, CD ; metabolism ; Antigens, CD34 ; metabolism ; Burkitt Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Cell Adhesion Molecules ; metabolism ; Child ; Dendritic Cells ; metabolism ; pathology ; Diagnosis, Differential ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Leukosialin ; metabolism ; Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Peroxidase ; metabolism ; Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit ; metabolism ; Retrospective Studies ; Sarcoma, Myeloid ; metabolism ; pathology ; Skin Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Young Adult

Objective To describe the clinical, neuroimaging and genetic profiles of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis with frontotemporal lobe degeneration ( ALS-FTLD).Methods From August 2011 to May 2015, patients with FTLD or other types of neurodegenerative dementia were physically examined in detail and electromyography was performed to those with suspected dysarthria, limb atrophy or weakness.Cognitive and behavioral screenings were performed to all ALS patients.Patients with ALS-FTLD entered further analysis of neuroimaging and genetics.Results Among the 8 patients diagnosed as ALS-FTLD, 4 patients began with personality change or amnesia, while diseases in the remaining 4 cases began with limb weakness or dysarthria.Dementia type of 7 cases was behavioral variant FTLD ( bvFTD) and 1 case was diagnosed as semantic dementia.Electromyography of all the 8 patients showed diffuse neurogenic changes.Constructional neuroimaging of 6 patients showed cerebral atrophy predominantly in frontal and temporal lobes.Fluorodeoxyglucose-positron emission tomography was conducted in 5 patients, indicating hypometabolism mainly in frontal and ( or) temporal lobes.NeuroQ analysis revealed that bilateral frontal lobes were the most hypometabolic areas for ALS-FTLD.Among 4 patients who underwent genetic screening, 1 patient was C9ORF72 mutation carrier.Conclusions bvFTD is the major type of dementia in the context of ALS.Metabolic neuroimaging could assist accurate diagnosis, and it reveals that bilateral frontal lobes are the most hypometabolic areas for ALS-FTLD.C9ORF72 gene mutation is an important pathogenic mutation for ALS-FTLD, although it is rare in Chinese population.

BACKGROUNDThere were only 3 multiple myeloma (MM) cell lines established in China. In this study, we succeeded in establishing a novel MM cell line and analyzed its biological characteristics.

METHODSMononuclear cells isolated from the peripheral blood (PB) and bone marrow (BM) of a patient with advanced MM (lambda light chain type) were cultured in medium. Cell morphology was analyzed by Wright-Giemsa-staining and cytochemical staining, immunophenotyping by flow cytometry and cytogenetic analysis by chromosome RHG-banding technique. Quantitative fluorescent polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was used to detect Epstein - Barr virus (EBV) DNA.

RESULTSThe established cell line could survive and proliferate in the presence of feeder cells or conditioned medium. The cells secreted lambda light chain and were negative for EBV. The Wright-Giemsa-staining showed typical plasmablast or plasma cell morphology. The cytochemical staining of the cells showed the following reactivity patterns: positive for acid phosphatase, negative for myeloperoxidase. The immunoprofile of the cells was concordant with that of MM cells: positive for CD10, CD28, CD38, CD138, CD56, CD49d, CD44, CD54 and CD58, negative for CD19, CD40, CD95, CD95L, CD34, CD2 and CD5. The cytogenetic analysis showed complex chromosome abnormality of i (1q+), 8q+, 13q+, i (17q), i (18q) and +M. There was no difference in morphology, immunophenotype and cytogenetics between cells from PB and BM.

CONCLUSIONSAn MM cell line secreting lambda light chain named CZ-1 was established. The cells from both PB and BM have the same biological characteristics.

Cell Line, Tumor ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Herpesvirus 4, Human ; isolation & purification ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; genetics ; pathology ; Polymerase Chain Reaction

Objective To explore the effect of transplantation of neural stem cells(NSCs)pretreated with brain-derived neurotrophic fac-tor(BDNF)on acute ischemic stroke in mice.Methods NSCs from a newborn(one day)C57BL/6 mouse were isolated and cultured in vi-tro.A total of 150 healthy C57BL/6 mice,ten-week-old,were randomly divided into five groups,that group A accepted sham operation,and groups B,C,D and E were subjected to focal ischemia by photothrombosis.Group D was transplanted NSCs 24 hours after ischemia,while group E transplanted NSCs pretreated with BDNF and group C accepted same volume of medium.All the groups were tested with rotarod test and grip strength one day before transplantation and three,seven,14,21 and 28 days after transplantation.The differentiation of NSCs in groups D and E were observed immunofluorescence staining of microtubule-associated protein-2(MAP-2)and glial fibrillary acidic pro-tein(GFAP).Results The time on rotarod arranged from more to less was groups E,D and B(P<0.05)three,seven,14,21 and 28 days after transplantation,as well as grip strength 14,21 and 28 days after transplantation(P<0.05).The Edu/GFAP positive cells and Edu/MAP-2 pos-itive cells were found in both groups D and E.Conclusion Transplanting NSCs can promote the behavioral recovery after ischemic stroke, and it is more effective as pretreated with BDNF.

OBJECTIVETo compare the levels of STAT4 tyrosine phosphorylation in peripheral T-lymphocytes induced by IL-12 in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and osteoarthritis (OA).

METHODSFrom May 2007 to August 2009, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated from RA patients [RA group, all the cases were female, the age was from 28 to 55 years with an average of (45.0 +/- 13.0) years] and OA patients [OA group, all the cases also were female; the age was from 55 to 75 years with an average of (67.0 +/- 9.6) years]. The purity of T-lymphocytes from PBMCs was accredited by flow cytometry. The IL-12 of 50 ng/ml added in T-lymphocytes, the levels of STAT4 tyrosine phosphorylation were detected by western blot after different time intervals (0, 10, 30, 60 min).

RESULTSThe purity of T-lymphocytes were above 91% through diremption and depuration for peripheral blood monouclear cells. The levels of STAT4 tyrosine phosphorylation in T-lymphocytes from RA induced by IL-12 were higher than that from OA in the different times (10, 30, 60 min); after 30 min, its levels from RA and OA achieved to crest value.

CONCLUSIONSTAT4 in peripheral T-lymphocytes of rheumatoid arthritis was more easily to be activated than osteoarthritis.

Adult ; Aged ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; immunology ; Female ; Humans ; Interleukin-12 ; pharmacology ; Middle Aged ; Osteoarthritis ; immunology ; Phosphorylation ; Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide ; STAT4 Transcription Factor ; genetics ; metabolism ; T-Lymphocytes ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Tyrosine ; metabolism

PURPOSETraumatic optic neuropathy (TON) is a serious complication of head trauma with the incidence rate of 0.5%-5%. The aim of this study was to investigate the therapeutic efficacy of endoscopic decompression of the optic canal for optic nerve injuries.

METHODSIn this study, 11 patients treated in our hospital from January 2009 to January 2015 with the visual loss resulting from TON were retrospectively reviewed for preoperative vision, visual evoked potential (VEP) scan, surgical approach, postoperative visual acuity, complications, and follow-up results.

RESULTSAll these patients received endoscopic decompression of the optic canal. At the 3-month follow- up, the visual acuity improvement rate of the 11 patients was 45.5%. The vision acuity of 2 cases improved from hand movement to 0.08 and 0.3 after operation. Another patient's vision acuity returned to 0.05 compared to light sensation preoperatively. Two cases had finger counting before surgery but they had a vision acuity of 0.4 and light sensation respectively after surgery. However, the other 6 cases' vision did not improve after surgery.

CONCLUSIONEndoscopic decompression of the optic canal is an effective way to cure TON. VEP could be used as an important reference for preoperative and prognosis evaluation. Operative time after trauma is only a relative condition that may affect the therapeutic effect of optic canal decompression. Poor results of this procedure may be related to the severity of the optic nerve injury.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Decompression, Surgical ; methods ; Endoscopy ; Evoked Potentials, Visual ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Optic Nerve Injuries ; physiopathology ; surgery ; Visual Acuity