Objective: To investigate the expression of the reversion-inducing cysteine-rich protein with Kazal motifs (RECK) and matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in the prostate carcinoma tissues and to evaluate the role of RECK in the tumorigenesis of prostate carcinoma. Methods: Twenty specimens of prostate cancer and 12 specimens of normal prostate were harvested. RT-PCR and real-time RT-PCR were used to determine the expression of RECK mRNA and RT-PCR was used to determine the expression of MMP-9 mRNA in the specimens. Western blotting analysis was used to determine the expression of RECK protein. Results: It was found that the expression of RECK mRNA in the prostate carcinoma tissues was lower than that in the normal prostate tissues (P<0.01); MMP-9 expression in the prostate carcinoma tissues was significantly higher than that of the normal prostate tissues (P<0.01). Western blotting analysis showed that the expression of RECK protein in the carcinoma tissues was lower than that in the normal prostate tissue (P<0.01). Conclusion: RECK gene expression is lower in the prostate carcinoma tissues; RECK may inhibit the progression and metastasis of cancer through inhibiting MMP-9 expression.

The incidence of stroke is increasing year by year,about 75％ of the patients with different levels of sequelae,and the age of onset also tends to be younger,to the community and the family to bring a heavy burden.Therefore,it is urgent to strengthen the study of the related risk factors of stroke in young people,so as to reduce the incidence of stroke.Traditional recognized risk factors such as hypertension,diabetes,high cholesterol,heart disease,obesity,and smoking can explain part of the stroke events,of these risk factors intervention treatment significantly reduced the incidence and mortality of stroke.However,cardio cerebral vascular system is not fully protected.In view of the biochemical indexes of blood of patients with specimens by convenience,detection index simple and precise,further studies of the relationship between biochemical risk factors and young stroke has made clear the necessity of and have become major challenges in current epidemiological study of cerebral stroke.

512?g/mL; MIC of 16 VIE to vancomycin were 16?g/mL; MIC of 8 VIE to vancomycin were 8?g/mL. It is a risk factor for hospital infection that VRE carriage of inpatients in intestinal tract is high. There is 100% agreement be-tween phenotypes and genotypes in 46 vancomycin resistance enterococci. VRE are multiresistant. Part iso-lates have high homology.

Objective To investigate the features of HIV-1-specific Cytotoxic T-Lymphocyte (CTL)responses in Chinese.Methods The HIV-1-specific CTL responses were analyzed in an IFN-?ELISPOT assay by using a matrix system containing 820 overlapping peptides spanning the entire HIV-1 Clade B and C consensus sequence.Results The HIV-1-specific CTL response almost clus- tered in Gag and Nef across either HIV-1 Clade B(HIV-1 B)or HIV-1 Clade C(HIV-1 C),while oth- er proteins could also be recognized at different level.In comparison of the response between HIV-1 Clade B and Clade C,the magnitude and frequency was roughly identical with some difference found at single-peptide level.The most frequently recognized peptides of HIV-1 B were located in Nef,GPKEP- FRDYVDRFYKTLR(5/17,29.4%)and Gag,LWVYHTQGYFPDWQNY(5/17,29.4%),while the most frequently recognized peptide of HIV-1 C was located in Gag GPKEPFRDYVDRFFKTLR(6/17, 35.29%).Conclusions HIV-1-specific CTL responses clustered within HIV-1 Gag and Nef in Chinese. However,there was some difference between HIV-1 B and HIV-1 C at single-peptide level.

Adenocarcinoma ; metabolism ; pathology ; Adult ; Aged ; Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung ; metabolism ; pathology ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; metabolism ; pathology ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lung ; chemistry ; pathology ; Lung Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Oxidoreductases ; metabolism ; Sex Factors ; Smoking ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; metabolism ; WW Domain-Containing Oxidoreductase

OBJECTIVE To realize the situation of nosocomial infection and usage of antibiotic in order to prevent and control nosocomial infection effectively. METHODS According to the request of countrywide nosocomial infection net,using the method of clinic investigation and case history investigation,we have investigated the infection complexion about all patients in 19 May 2006 and 24 May 2007,including the duration,transferring department and dead case.Then to analyze the comparison between two results. RESULTS 3489 cases were investigated,including 186 infection cases.The prevalence rate of nosocomial infection was 5.33%.Five departments had the high prevalence rate of nosocomial infection.They were hematology department,ICU,pediatrics department,neonatal unit and cadre ward.The highest rate was 31.30%.The lowest was 0.The infection site focused on lower respiratory tract.The antibiotic utilizing rate was high. CONCLUSIONS Enhanceing the management of nosocomial infection in key departments,regulating the antibiotic utilizing,to reduce the prevalence rate of nosocomial infection.

The article reviewed the current status, reform measures and progress of the tiered medical services in Zhejiang province, and analyzed main roadblocks in such a system.Proposals made in the paper include such reform measures as further expanding quality medical resources of better talents and equipments to enhance primary medical institutions;forming the gatekeeper practice featuring firstvisit at community health centers with enhanced primary capabilities;insisting on joint reform of medical treatment, medical insurance and drugs, promoting the development of tiered medical services and utilization efficiency of medical resources in the province.

Objective:To compare the immunogenity of the AST artificial antigen with two different carrier proteins, bovine serum albumin(BSA) and keyhole limpet hemocyanin(KLH).Methods: The hapten Astragaloside Ⅳ(AST) was linked to carrier protein BSA or KLH as immunogen,and linked ovalbumin(OVA) as coating antigen by the sodium periodate method.Then the 6-8 weeks BALB/c mice were immunized with AST-BSA or AST-KLH.The titer and specificity of the antiserum were detected by indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( iELISA ) and indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay ( icELISA ) respectively.Results:The antiserum of the mice immunized with AST-KLH had better specificity than which immunized with AST-BSA.The IC50 of AST-KLH antiserum was about 5 μg/ml in the detection by icELISA.The high titer of both antiserums was about 1∶51 200 after immunizing mouse.Conclusion:The conjugate of AST-KLH was testified to have a better immunogenity in comparison with AST-BSA,this investigation would be the foundation of the further research of AST immunoassay.

Objective To investigate the effects of vitamin D deficiency on pregnancy and fetal development in mice. Methods All female ICR mice were randomly divided into two groups. In control group, mice were fed with standard feeds (vitamin D3 >800 IU/kg). In vitamin D deficiency group (VDD), female mice were fed with feeds with vitamin D depletion (vitamin D3 <25 IU/kg). For mating purposes, four females were housed overnight with two males starting at 9 : 00 PM. Females were checked 7 : 00 AM the next morning, and the presence of a vaginal plug was designated as gestational day (GD) 0. All pregnancy mice were sacrificed on GD18. For each litter, the number of live fetuses, dead fetuses and resorption sites were counted. Live fetuses in each litter were weighed. Crown-rump lengths were examined. And skeletal development of all live fetuses in each litter was evaluated. Re-sults The pregnancy rate was lower in VDD group than that in control group(P<0.05). The number of live fetu-ses was significantly decreased(P<0.05). By contrast, the numbers of dead fetuses and resorption sites were sig-nificantly increased(P<0.05). In addition, the average weights of fetuses and placenta were reduced in vitamin D deficiency group. Moreover, vitamin D deficiency resulted in skeletal development retardation in fetuses. Conclu-sion Vitamin D deficiency impairs pregnancy and developmental outcomes in mice.

Some issues about the rationality of subject selection are identified in the registration applications of chemical generic drugs. It should be the sponsor's responsibility to follow the latest information about safety, efficacy and quality control of the proposed drug, and provide a sound basis for subject selection. In this article, issues about the basis of the subject selection of chemical generic drugs are discussed from the aspects of compound, formulation and strength.