There is still evident gap between the humanity education of medical college in China and the foreign country's.We can find the heart of the matter and explore ways of solving the problem,by comparing the present condition of the humanity education of medical college in China and the foreign country's.

One of the important approaches for further prolonging remission duration and eradicating minimal residual disease in acute leukemia is immunotherapy. Four kinds of immunotherapy for acute leukemia are under investigation: (1) monoclonal antibodies, among them, Mylotarg (cytotoxic antibiotic calicheamicin linked to CD33 Mab) is given for the treatment of refractory or relapsed acute myeloid leukemia and molecular relapse in acute promyelocytic leukemia with good results, Campath-1H (antiCD52 Mab) is administered in the treatment of prolymphocytic leukemia and Rituximab (anti-CD20 Mab) in B-PLL with high complete remission rates. Other Mabs under preclinical and clinical trials include anti-IL-2 receptor Mab for the treatment of acute T lymphocytic leukemia, anti-220 kD Mab-6G7 for acute leukemias, recombinant immune toxin BL22 (anti-CD22) for hairy cell leukemia and Mabs labeled with radio-isotopes for different types of acute leukemias; (2) adoptive cellular immunotherapy using cytokine-induced killer cell, alloreactive NK cells, allogeneic or autologous leukemic-specific CD8(+) cytotoxic T lymphocytes, and other immune effector cells; (3) cytokines and other immune modulators comprising IL-2, IL-12, GM-CSF, CD40L, FLT-3L and thalidomide and its derivatives; (4) leukemia vaccines of several different formulations including antigen-specific, leukemia cell-based, leukemia antigen-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) and leukemia-derived DC vaccines, the latter two formulations are more attractive. In conclusion, up to now, the most effective example of immunotherapy in acute leukemia is provided by the administration of Mabs, and the majority of other approaches in immunotherapy for acute leukemia although promising, need further studies.
Acute Disease ; Adoptive Transfer ; methods ; Antibodies, Monoclonal ; immunology ; therapeutic use ; Cancer Vaccines ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; methods ; trends ; Leukemia ; immunology ; therapy

Objective To establish osteosarcoma vaccine by the LM9 osteosarcoma derived from C3h mice hybridized with activated B lymphocytes and study its biological behavior and the antitumor efficacy. Methods The LM9 osteosarcoma derived from C3h mice was fused with LPS activated B lymphocytes by using 50%PEG. The fused cells was selected by HAT medium and cultured in vitro, and the biocharacter and efficacy of the fusion vaccine were investigated. Results In contrast to LM8, the fused cells grew significantly slowly in vitro. All the mice under the protection of fused vaccine survived without tumor (8/8), while all the mice in the control group succumbed to the tumor with no survival (8/8), 75%of the mice inoculated subcutaneously with cell fusion vaccine survived without tumor burden after implantation of LM8 cells subcutaneously. The mice in the control group developed tumors and died within 45 days without any exception. Conclusion It is possible that the LM9 osteosarcoma biology characteristics change after fused with LPS activated B lymphocytes. Cell fusion osteosarcoma vaccine could produce prophylactic and therapeutic effects in mice.

Objective To observe the clinical, neuropathogical, neurophysiological characteristics of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease, type 1A (CMT1A) which was similar to chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy(CIDP).Methods The clinical data, neuroelectrophysiological changes and pathological features of sural nerve biopsy were taken from 2 CMT1A patients who were proven to be 17p12 duplication with CIDP features, and analyzed comprehensively. Results Two CMT1A cases with classical chronic course showed both subacute course and clinical manifestations similar to CIDP, however, the changes of neuroelectrophysiology and pathological characteristics of the nerve biopsy in 2 cases were different from CIDP in some way. We confirmed the chronic inflammatory demyelinating type of the CMT1A patients whom the immunotherapy was effective on.Conclusion The classical CMT1A 17p12 duplication patients who obtained immunotherapy effects might resemble CIDP both in clinical course and manifestation.

Clinical Medicine ; Comprehensive Health Care ; organization & administration ; standards ; Decision Making, Computer-Assisted ; Evaluation Studies as Topic ; Humans ; Models, Theoretical ; Outcome Assessment, Health Care ; methods ; Quality Assurance, Health Care ; methods ; Research Design

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic efficacy of laparoscopic splenectomy (LS) for patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) and to investigate the change of parameters of platelets.Methods Twenty-one patients with ITP after LS were studied, including the following paramenters: the operation time, intraoperative blood loss and postoperative complications, and compared perioperative platelet count(PC), packed platelet volume(PPV), mean platelet volume(MPV), and platelet distribution width (PDW) with the postoperative results.Results The mean operation time was 1.5 h. Intraoperative mean blood loss was 60 mL, postoperative hospitalization time was 5 d and with no case of delayed healing of incision. Accessory spleen was found in 19 % of patients . The incidence of complication was 4.8 %, and with no deaths. Platelet count and packed platelet volume increased with fluctuation, but mean platelet volume and platelet distribution width decreased with fluctuation. The parameters were in multipoint dynamic equilibrium with fluctuation and coordinated restoration. All patients were followed-up. No case had recurrence at 1.5~5.5 y, and platelet-associated antibody was in normal range. Bone marrow examination was normal.Conclusions The treatment of ITP with LS is safe and effective. The selection of therapeutic plan should depend on the changes of platelet parameters.

Amyloidosis ; complications ; pathology ; Heart Diseases ; etiology ; pathology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

Objective To analyze the anesthetic methods and surgical procedures in the treatment of inpatients in N 2 People' s Hospital of Deyang after Wenchuan earthquake. Methods More than 900 patients were sorted for injury triage, among whom 83 patients received emergency surgery within 72 hours after earthquake, and 21 received surgery after 72 hours. After 10 days of the earthquake, the hospitalized patients needing further surgery have been transferred to hospitals in safe regions. Of all patients, 89 (85.58%) were with injuries of extremities, 11 (10.6%) with cerebral trauma, 3 with thoracic injury, and 1 (1.0%) with abdominal trauma. Perioperative noninvasive blood pressure, electrocardiogram, pulse and oxygen saturation were detected during the surgery. All patients were cured except that one patient with traumatic flail chest died 12 hours after the surgery. Results Of all patients undergone surgeries, 35 patients (33.7%) received combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (CSEA), 33 (31.7%) received nerve plexus block (NPB), 5 (4.8%) had CSEA plus NPB, 28 were under general anesthesia (GA) [17 (16.3%) were intubated and 11(10.6%) were non-intubated] and 3 (2.8%) received monitored anesthesia care (MAC). The average ratios of operation time to time for patients stayed in operation room were (51.29±12.38)% in GA group, (53.24±11.39)% in NPB group, (58.43±9.26)% in CSEA group and (77.15±9.27)% in CSEA plus NPB group. There was a significant difference between CSEA + NPB group and the other three groups (P<0.01), and there was no significant difference among GA group, NPB group and CSEA group (P > 0.05). Conclusions During the initial period of rescue, the most common type of injuries are fractures. CSEA plus NPB is encouraged to use as they have the advantages of shorter operation time, higher operation throughput, safety and faster convalescence of the victims.

Objective: To observe the impact of electroacupuncture on the pain threshold and the content of excitatory amino acids in the spinal cord of the rats with neuropathic pain to discuss the mechanism of electroacupuncture in treating neuropathic pain. Methods: The rats were randomly divided into a control group (n=10), a sham surgery group (n=10) and a surgery group (n=30) to take spared nerve injury (SNI) surgery of sciatic nerve. The successful SNI model rats in the surgery group were randomly divided into a model group (n=10), an electroacupuncture group (n=10) and a sham electroacupuncture group (n=10). The mechanical pain threshold (MPT) and heat pain threshold (HPT) were measured on the preoperative day, postoperative day 7, postoperative day 9 and the day after the sixth acupuncture treatment. The electroacupuncture was carried out at Huantiao (GB 30) and Weizhong (BL 40) starting from the postoperative day 10 to reflect the impact on the mechanical pain threshold and heat pain threshold. The pre-column deriverization and HPLC fluorescence detection as well as microdialysis method were adopted to test the content of EAAs in spinal cord of rats. Results: The SNI surgery decreased the mechanical pain threshold of rats significantly. The glutamate (Glu) and aspartic acid (Asp) in the microdialysis solution of rats in the model group were higher than in the control group and sham surgery group at the same time point (P<0.05). The contents of Glu and Asp in the microdialysis solution of rats in the electroacupuncture group and sham electroacupuncture group decreased significantly (P<0.05), comparing with model group at the same time point (except the Glu of the sham electroacupuncture group at the second time point). The electroacupuncture reduced the mechanical allodynia markedly. Conclusion: The mechanism of electroacupuncture treating neuropathic pain may relate with the decrease of excitatory amino acids in spinal cord.

Female ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins ; genetics ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; Male ; Polymorphism, Genetic