0.05).Conclusion:People adjust the immunological function of B cells to normal level in blood donation plastochrone.These undoubtedly provide powerfully experimental data on the enlistment of volunter blood donation.

Diabetes is a chronic noncommunicable disease,which is can't be cured,and only can be suppressed by long-term treatment and self-management.The clinical decision support system can simulate the thinking process of diabetes specialists in disease diagnosis,and can provide the regular medical treatment plans and recommend the optimal plans to doctors.Most of the existing clinical decision support systems are based on clinical guidelines,rule-based and case-based reasoning as well as ontology-based systems.The big data technology can acquire and process multiple heterogeneous data,and provide a more scientific personalized treatment plan.In recent years,a variety of big date processing methods have been applied to the clinical diagnosis of diabetes based on decision tree,neural network,fuzzy logic,support vector machine,APRIORI association rules and multidimensional analysis,and timing mining.However,these methods are still in preliminary stage.The framework of diabetes clinical decision support system based on big data technology was analyzed,and the future diagnostic and treatment methods were forecast.

Cerebral Hemorrhage ; complications ; Child ; Humans ; Intussusception ; complications ; Male ; Purpura, Schoenlein-Henoch ; complications

Objective To investigate the changes of C- reactive protein( CRP ) and homocysteine ( Hcy)in the type 2 diabetes with depression,and its clinical significance and potential mechanism. Methods One hundred and twenty-four cases with type 2 diabetes were divided into the depression group(63 cases)and non-depression group( 61 cases ) according to the Self-Rating Depression Scale and verified by Self-Rating Anxiety Scale. The information including age,sex,education degree,body mass index,course of disease and the number of complications were recorded. The levels of CRP,Hcy,fasting plasma glucose( FPG ),glycosylated hemoglobin(HbA1c)and blood lipid were measured. The depression group was divided into mild,medium and heavy group to compared the changes of Hcy and CRP. Results The levels of Hcy,HbA1c and the number of complications in depression group were 11. 5( 8. 6,15. 6 )μmol/L,( 10. 13 ± 2. 17 )%,and 2( 1,3 ) respectively,higher than that of non-depression group(8. 6(7. 4,11. 2)μmol/L,(9. 33 ± 2. 20)%,1(0,2)), while the education degree of depression group((9. 75 ± 3. 36)years)was lower than that of non-depression group((11. 56 ± 3. 73)years),and the differences were significant( t/Z = -3. 537,0. 952,-2. 339,0. 228 respectively;P ﹤0. 05). The levels of Hcy in mild,medium and heavy depression group were(8. 75(7. 45, 10. 45)μmol/L,12. 2(8. 90,14. 40)μmol/L,19. 50(14. 33,28. 03)μmol/L respectively and the difference was significant(F =25. 963,P =0. 000). No significance difference was found in terms of CRP level(2. 35 (1. 10,4. 92)mg/L,3. 25(1. 11,5. 68)mg/L,2. 32(1. 27,5. 41)mg/L;F=0. 194,P=0. 907). There was significant correlation between depression scores and Hcy( r=0. 615,P=0. 000). Conclusion Type 2 diabetes with depression is associated with the level of blood glucose,education degree and the course of disease. Hcy,not CRP is an independent risk factor of type 2 diabetes with depression.

Drying is the critical link during pharmaceutical process of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), which is directly related to the quality of drugs. The key to technology upgrading of pharmaceutical equipment in Chinese materia medica enterprise is the development of new drying techniques, which concerns the modernization of TCM. The study provides new ideas for the drying technology and equipment by means of reviewing the research status of drying process for the traditional Chinese medicinal materials and preparations, and analyzing the traditional and modern drying methods and equipment, as well as their existing problems and corresponding measures for the drying processes and equipment. In addition, this paper expounds the development trend of traditional Chinese medicinal materials and preparations of drying process and equipment.
Chemistry, Pharmaceutical ; instrumentation ; methods ; standards ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; instrumentation ; standards ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry

AIMTo study the metabolic kinetics of MN9202 in Beagle dog liver microsome.

METHODSBeagle dog liver microsomes were prepared by using ultracentrifuge method. After incubating 0.4 micromol x L(-1) MN9202 with 1 g x L(-1) microsomes for 30 min at 37 degrees C, the reaction was terminated by adding 0.5 mL alkalization. The RP-HPLC was used to determine the drug in the incubation mixture. The Michaelis-Menten parameters Km, and Vmax in Beagle dog liver microsomes were initially estimated by analyzing Lineweave-Brurk plot. Various selective CYP inhibitors were used to investigate their inhibitory effect on the metabolism of MN9202.

RESULTSThe Km, Vmax and CLint of MN9202 were (22.6 +/- 8.0) micromol x L(-1), (0.54 +/- 0.17) micromol x g(-1) x min(-1) and (0.0242 +/- 0.0009) L x g(-1) x min(-1), respectively. The metabolism of MN9202 was significantly inhibited by ketoconazole (Ket) and troleandomycin (Tro) in Beagle dog liver microsomes. Tranylcypromine (Tra) could inhibit the metabolism of drug as well. While other inhibitors showed little inhibitory effect on the metabolism of MN9202.

CONCLUSIONIt was shown that CYP3A and CYP2C19 were involved in MN9202 metabolism. The inhibitors of human CYP3A and CYP2C19 may have potential interaction with MN9202, and this can reduce the metabolism rate and increase the toxicity of MN9202.

Animals ; Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Calcium Channel Blockers ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19 ; Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A Inhibitors ; Dihydropyridines ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Dogs ; Ketoconazole ; pharmacology ; Microsomes, Liver ; metabolism ; Mixed Function Oxygenases ; antagonists & inhibitors ; Nitrobenzenes ; metabolism ; pharmacokinetics ; Tranylcypromine ; pharmacology ; Troleandomycin ; pharmacology

Objective To systematically review and synthesize the lived experience of family members caring for schizophrenia patients at home,in order to provide evidence for community and home nursing. Methods We searched databases including The Cochrane Library,PubMed,EMbase,ISI Web of Science,PsycINFO,CINAHL,CBM, CNKI,VIP and Wanfang from inception to April 2017,to collect qualitative studies in the experience of family members caring for schizophrenia patients at home. The quality of included studies was evaluated according to JBI Critical Appraisal Tool for qualitative studies in Australia. Results A total of 31 studies were included,and 141 complete findings were grouped according to their similarities to form 8 categories. These categories resulted in two synthesized findings:Integration Results 1:It brought family members a negative influence in care process because of excessive pressure and burden,but over time,they were slowly accepting the fact and trying to cope with dis-ease;Integration Results 2:Patients were unable to take care of themselves,and caregivers were helpless and wanted assistance from the government and the health care system. Conclusion The government and health system should pay more attention to the impact of schizophrenia on family members who take care of schizophrenia patients. In the process of care,patients should be given support,guidance and encouragement,which help family members to improve coping abilities of psychology and disease,and to promote physical and mental health of schizophrenia pa-tients and their family members.

AIMTo study the pharmacokinetics of genistein in Beagle dogs.

METHODSGenistein, suspended in 0.5% CMC-Na solution, was orally administered to Beagle dogs at the dose of 5.34 mg.kg-1. At various time intervals, 1.5 mL of blood was drawn from the vein of dogs in their front legs. At the same time, urine and feces were collected. After the collection, the feces were homogenized with physiological saline (to 1 g feces, 10 mL physiological saline were added). The genistein in plasma, urine and homogenized feces was extracted twice by vortexing with 2.0 mL mixture of methyl tert-butyl ether and pentane (8:2). The organic phase was transferred into tubes and evaporated in ventilation cabinet. The residue was dissolved in 50 microL of methanol and 20 microL of the solution was drawn and detected by high-performance liquid chromatography. The pharmacokinetic parameter was calculated by 3P97 software.

RESULTSThe plasma concentration-time curve was fitted to a one-open-compartment model. The peak time was 0.29 h, and the elimination half-life was 0.52 h. After genistein was administered, 10.79% of genistein were excreted from urine and 21.55% from feces within 24 h. It was also found that 13.00% genistein were excreted from urine and 52.46% from feces within 60 h.

CONCLUSIONIt showed that the speed of absorption and elimination of genistein was high in Beagle dog, and genistein was mainly excreted in the form of parent compound in urine and feces.

Animals ; Anticarcinogenic Agents ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; urine ; Area Under Curve ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Dogs ; Feces ; chemistry ; Genistein ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; urine

OBJECTIVETo develop an HPLC method for determination of the four effective components (genistin; rutin; quercetin; genistein) in Huaijiao pill.

METHODThe chromatographic separation was performed on a Shim-packODS (4.6 mm x 150 mm, 5.0 microm) eluted with a mobile phase of MeOH-H2O-HAc (40:60:0.25). The detection wavelength was set at 256 nm and column temperature was set at 30 degrees C .

RESULTNice linear relation between the peak area and injected amount exists when the amount is within 0.059-0.352 microg for genistin, within 0.435-2.610 microg for rutin, within 0.020-0.121 microg for quercetin and within 0.053-0.319 microg for genistein. The correlation coefficient of each component is 0.999 6, 0.998 2, 0.998 9 and 0.999 9 respectively. The average recoveries of the four components are from 98.7% to 100.2%. The RSD of each group are 1.21%, 1.36%, 0.47% and 1.54% (n = 5).

CONCLUSIONThe method was accurate, repeatable and suitable to determine four effective components in Huaijiao pill. It can be use for quality control of Huaijiao pill.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Drug Combinations ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Genistein ; analysis ; Isoflavones ; analysis ; Plants, Medicinal ; chemistry ; Quercetin ; analysis ; Reproducibility of Results ; Rutin ; analysis ; Sophora ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo explore the role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) signaling pathway in osteo- blast differentiation of rat bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) cultured in simulated microgravity.

METHODSRat BMSCs were cultured in simulated microgravity (by rotating clinostat) in the presence of 10 µmol/L pioglitazone, 10 µmol/L GW9662, or both pioglitazone and GW9662, with the cells cultured in normal gravity as the control group. After osteogenic induction for 14 days, the cells were stained with alizarin red for the bone nodules and with oil red-O for the fat cells, and the fat rate was calculated. ALP activity in the cells was determined in each group, and RT-PCR was performed to detect cellular expressions of PPARγ mRNA.

RESULTSPioglitazone significantly inhibited osteoblast differentiation of the BMSCs, whereas GW9662 promoted the cell differentiation by suppressing the activation of PPARγ.

CONCLUSIONWe hypothesize that the activation of PPARγ signaling pathway is one of the main mechanisms for inhibited osteoblast differentiation of rat BMSCs in simulated microgravity, and inhibiting PPARγ pathway activation can effectively prevent and treat microgravity-induced osteoporosis.

Animals ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; cytology ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; Osteogenesis ; PPAR gamma ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Signal Transduction ; Weightlessness Simulation