Adolescent ; Adult ; Endoscopy ; methods ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Nasal Septum ; abnormalities ; surgery ; Young Adult

Collateral disease theory has been applied to investigate the pathogenesis of chronic dermal ulcer in traditional Chinese medicine. It is suggested that deficiency of vital qi is the pathological basis of chronic dermal ulcer with collaterals stagnation as the major pathological factor, and collaterals impairment by toxin evil is the main pathological change. The important principle in treatment of chronic dermal ulcer is established as strengthening the body resistance, dredging collaterals and removing toxins, and this enriched the theory of wound healing in traditional Chinese medicine, and has practical value.

Osteoclasts are derived from pluripotent stem cells in bone marrow and spleen.They play a critical role in inflammation-induced bone loss and joint destruction because in the absence of them,bone de- struction does not occur even when inflammation exists.Synovioblasts in an inflamed joint can secrete numerous inflammatory factors,including tumor necrosis factor alpha(TNF-?)and interleukin-1(IL-1)which not only induce inflammatory reactions but also elevate osteoclast formation and function indirectly or directly through promoting RANKL expression.In this wdy the inflammatory reactions are associated with bone loss and destruction. In this article,we focus on the recent progress in study of TNF-?,IL-1 and osteoclast-target therapies in management of osteoclast-mediated inflammatory bone loss.TNF-?promotes differentiation of osteoclast precursor cells in the peripheral blood and spleen,which causes a marked increase in mature osteoclasts in a diseased joint.However, IL-I supports osteoblast survival and regulates the recombination of osteoclast cytoskeleton,which further stimulates bone resorption.Since osteoclast-target therapies may inhibit osteoclast formation and function,they are becoming more and more important for inflammation-induced bone loss and joint destruction.

Proteolytic degradation has been a severe problem when Pichia pastoris is employed to express recombinant proteins.One alternative method to circumvent this problem is to construct protease gene disruptant.However,the main study of gene disruption is focused on nonrecombinant Pichia pastoris rather than recombinant strain.In our study,we established two different methods to directly disrupt PRC1 and KEX1 gene in recombinant Pichia pastoris.On the basis of this,we further discussed and compared the application and advantages of both methods.

Objective To investigate the clinicopathologic features,diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment of sclerosing angiomatoid nodular transformation(SANT). Methods The clinical data,pathologic characteristics,immunophenotype and postoperative follow-up of SANT were analysed. Results There were no specific findings in the clinical manifestations of the 4 cases of SANT.Grossly,the cut surface of the masses was gray-white and vague nodularity was observed.Microscopically,it was characterized by the multinodular angiomatoid appearance in a fibrosclerotic stroma.The nodules were composed of slit-like,sinusoid-like vascular spaces and were interspersed with a population of spindly or ovoid cells.It was revealed by immunohistochemistry that the expression of CD34 in some vessels' endothelial cells was positive,and CD8 was negative.While in another vessels' endothelial cells,CD8 was positive and CD34 was negative.The expression of SMA,Actin,Vimentin,Collage IV and CD68 was positive in all of the 4 cases,while that of CD21,Desmin and NSE was negative.No relapse or metastasis was found during the follow-up.Conclusion SANT is a rarely encountered benign lesion of the spleen,which should be distinguished from the malignant tumor of the spleen.The diagnosis counts on the pathologic and immunohistochemical findings.It could be cured by splenectomy with a favourable prognosis.

This study investigated the effect of etoposide, an anticancer chemotherapy drug, on B7-H1 expression in retinoblastoma (Rb) cells and the role of miR-513a-5p in the process. Rb cells were divided into control and etoposide groups. In the etoposide group, cells were treated with etoposide at different concentrations (2.5, 5, 10, 20 and 40 μg/mL) for 24 h. Those given no treatment of etopside served as controls. Reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), fluorescence quantitative PCR and flow cytometry were performed to measure the mRNA and protein expression of B7-H1 in Rb cells. The mRNA expression of miR-513a-5p in Rb cells before and after etoposide treatment was also detected by fluorescence quantitative PCR. The miR-513a-5p mimics and the miR-513a-5p inhibitor were transfected into Rb cells separately, and fluorescence quantitative PCR and flow cytometry were used to detect the effect of the miR-513a-5p mimics or inhibitor on B7-H1 expression. TargetScan5.2 was employed to predict the miR-513a-5p binding sites in the 3'-untranslated region of B7-H1 mRNA. Luciferase reporter plasmids carrying this site were prepared and transfected into Rb cells and luciferase activity analyzed. The results showed that etoposide stimulated the mRNA and protein expression of B7-H1 in Rb cells, which reached a maximal level after treatment with 5 μg/mL etoposide (P<0.05). However, miR-513a-5p expression was decreased in Rb cells after etoposide treatment. When the miR-513a-5p inhibitor was added, B7-H1 expression was increased with the concentration of the miR-513a-5p inhibitor (P<0.05). Moreover, B7-H1 expression was decreased gradually with the concentration of the miR-513a-5p mimics increased (P<0.01). Additionally, the miR-513a-5p mimics were found to inhibit the luciferase activity. It was concluded that etoposide can promote B7-H1 expression in Rb cells, which may be associated with chemoresistance. The promoting effect of etoposide on B7-H1 expression can be reversed by miR-513a-5p mimics. MiR-513a-5p inhibits the mRNA and protein expression of B7-H1 via binding to the 3'-UTR of B7-H1 mRNA.

Background With the widely application of phacoemulsication for cataract,dry eye-associated symptoms,such as foreign body sensation and burning frequently occur after cataract surgery in some patients.Objective This study was to evaluate the repair effects of recombinant human epithelial growth factor (rhEGF) on ocular surface injuriy after phacomulsification. Methods This was a prospective study,and informed consent was obtained from each subject before the experiment.One hundreds and twenty eyes of 89 consecutive patients after phacomulsification for age-related cataract were collected and randomized into rhEGF group,hyaluronic acid group and control group and 40 eyes for each.RhEGF drops and hyaluronic acid drops were topically administered 4 times per day for consecutive 4 weeks after surgery in corresponding group,and no drops mentioned above was used in the control group.The 0.3％ ofloxacin eye ointment and tobramycin+dexamethasone drops were used as the element drops in all patients of each group.Corneal fluorescein staining score,tear film break-up time ( BUT),Schrimer Ⅰ test without topical anesthesia were performed 1 day before surgery and 1 day,1 week,2 weeks and 1 month after surgery.Results The demography and the relevant surface examinational outcomes were no significantly different among the rhEGF group,hyaluronic acid group and control group in preoperation (age:F =3.74; gender:x2 =0.615; corneal fluorescein staining:F =0.247 ; BUT:F =0.579 ; Schrimer Ⅰ test:F =0.475 ; all P＞ 0.05 ).With the prolong of the time,the corneal fluorescein staining scores and Schrimer Ⅰ test values appeared a early ascent and latterly decline,and the BUT value showed a early shorten and latterly restore,with a statistically significant differences among various time points( F时间 =6.754,6.079,6.233,P＜0.01 ).Meanwhile,statistically significant differences were found in the corneal fluorescein staining scores,Schrimer Ⅰ test values and BUT among these 3 groups (F分组 =4.953,4.511,4.071,P＜0.05 ).The corneal fluorescein staining scores in the rhEGF group were significantly lower than those in the hyaluronic acid group at 2 weeks and 1 month after operation(P=0.039,0.014),and the BUT values in the rhEGF group were significantly longer than ones in the hyaluronic acid group at 1 week and 2 weeks after operation (P =0.019,0.007).The Schrimer I test values were significantly reduced in the rhEGF group compared with hyaluronic acid group at 1 week,2 weeks and 1 month after operation (P=0.022,0.003,0.019). Conclusions RhEGF promotes the repair of the ocular surface injury in the patients with age-related cataract after phacomulsification.

The five-flavor theory of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) and the flavor efficacy generation mechanism has long been focuses and difficulties in studies on traditional Chinese medicinal properties. In this paper, by using the pharmacophore-based virtual screening technique, the authors discussed the relations between the pungent property and transient receptor potential vanilloid 1 (TRPV1) by studying the TCM components' role in regulating TRPV1 ion channel. The results showed that the matching relationship between TRPV1 agonist pharmacophore model and TCM chemical components could identify the active ingredients from pungent herbs. Therefore, the authors proposed that TRPV1 is one of the potential targets for efficient pungent herbs. The pungent property of TCMs is decided by its chemical components, and consistent with the inherited and additive characteristics.
Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Smell ; TRPV Cation Channels ; antagonists & inhibitors ; metabolism ; Taste

Objective To explore the mechanism of intrathoracic pressure(ITP) influncing cardiac function and facilitate noninvasive determination of ventricular pressure theoretically.Methods With Valsalva and Mueller maneuver,two-dimension images of standard long axis views and the cross-sectional views were recorded in 20 volunteers,aged from 18 to 45 years,at the specific ITP levels(including-20 mmHg、-10 mmHg、0 mmHg、+ 10 mmHg and + 20 mmHg).The subjects were instructed to mantain for at least 10 s,and three successive measurements were recorded and averaged.The stroke volume(SV) and radius of curvature(R) were obtained from further off-line analysis.Results With the ITP maintaining at -20 mmHg,-10 mmHg,0 mmHg(end expiration),+ 10 mmHg and + 20 mmHg respectively,the corresponding radiuses of curvature were (2.35 ±0.24)cm,(2.25 ± 0.23)cm,(2.14 ± 0.21)cm,(2.02 ± 0.21) cm,(1.93 ± 0.19) cm,there were statistically significances between two groups (P =0.006,0.031,0.005 and ＜0.001,respectively].When the ITP were at 0 mmHg(end expiration),+ 10 mmHg and + 20 mmHg,the stroke volume were (71.54±8.81)ml,(73.20±9.52)ml and (78.81± 14.61)ml (P =0.674,0.135).When the intrathoracic pressure decreased from 0 mmHg to-20 mmHg,the stroke volume were (78.81±14.61)ml,(68.28 ±9.28)ml and (59.69±7.52)ml(P =0.029,0.037).Conclusions The ITP has different effects on the two ventricles,and subsequently generates a pressure gradient across the IVS which can alter its shape and position at end-diastole.With the IVS shifting,the preload and filling function of left ventricle gets changed acorrding to the Frank Starling principle.

OBJECTIVE To find the best way to evaluate the hearing threshold with the objectivethresholds of auditory brainstem response(ABR) and 40Hz auditory event related potential(40Hz AERP) . METHODS Pure tone audiometry,ABR and 40Hz AERP detection were performed in 120 recipients from whom 86 ears were available to be analyzed. According to the styles of configuration of hearing,we divided the 86 ears into 3 groups. There were 37 ears in flat style group,29 ears in descent style group,20 ears in ascent style group. The values were statistically analyzed with SPSS software. Correlations and multiple linear regression analysis were used in each group separately and three kind of mathematic models were established to estimate the subjective auditory thresholds. Then the models were simplified and tested. At last the models were checked out in 10 new recipients separately. RESULTS The pure tone audiometric threshold had good liner correlations with ABR and 40Hz AERP in three groups(R2=0.932,0.944,0.934) . In the flat style group,the subjective average auditory threshold can be estimated by ABR threshold. The predict mathematic model of the descent style group was 1/3(40HzAERP) +2/3ABR and the model of the ascent style group was 2/3(40HzAERP) +1/3ABR. Mean square deviation test showed equation manners were better than ABR means. CONCLUSION We can predict the subjective average auditory threshold more accurately than ABR only from ABR threshold and 40Hz AERP values with the predict mathematic models in young child and patients difficult to be test with subjective audiometry.