Objective To introduce the surgery procedure of pin-shaped bipolar plasmakinetic transurethral en bloc resection of non muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma and investigate the clinical outcomes.Methods 42 cases of non muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma who received bipolar plasmakinetic transurethral en bloc resection from May 2015 to March 2016 were recruited in the present study.Male 29 cases, female 13 cases, average age 52-82 years old, average (65.6 ±12.3) years old.Wide basal tumors were noticed by preoperative cystoscopy, bladder tumors were confirmed by tumor biopsy.Full-thickness specimens were obtained in procedures, including tumor, mucosa, lamina propria layer, muscular layer, to accurately assess tumor infiltration depth and staging.Results All 42 cases were done by this procedure successfully.A total of 65 pieces of tumors were excised:36 in lateral wall, 19 in posterior wall, 10 in bladder triangle.Tumor diameter ranged from 0.5 to 3.5 cm, with an average (2.1 ± 0.6) cm.Postoperative pathological stages were clear:16 cases were Ta stage and 49 cases were T1 stage ( of which 32 were T1 G3 ) .Intraoperative obturator nerve reflex happened in 2 cases.Followed up for 2-11 months, average 6 months.Tumor recurrence in 3 cases, no progression case.Conclusions Pin-shaped bipolar plasmakinetic electrode transurethral en bloc resection of non muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma is safe and reliable and should be recommended in management of non muscle-invasive bladder urothelial carcinoma.Full-thickness postoperative specimens can provide accurately judgement of the depth of tumor invasion and pathological staging.

Objective To detection the urine of bacteria hyphae and intracellular bacterial communities in patients with indwelling urinary catheter and discuss intracellular bacterial comnmunities in the pathogenesis of catheter-related urinary tract infection.Methods From May 2014 to February 2016,95 cases with D-J stent indwelling were enrolled in this study,including 38 male patients and 57 female patients.The mean age was (43 ±21)years old,ranging from 25 to 83 years old.We recorded those patient g clinical symptoms,middle urine culture results.If the middle urine culture was positive,further pathology test and scanning electron microscopy for bacteria hyphae and intracellular bacterial communities would be considered.Results The middle urine culture showed positive in 21 cases (22％,21/95);The classification of bacteria included E.coli in 11 cases,dung enterococcus in 2 cases,klebsiella pneumonia in 4 cases,pseudomonas aeruginosa in 3 cases,epidermis staphylococcus aureus in 1 case.Among those 21 patients,9 cases had the symptoms of fever and shiver.Urine pathology testing found hyphae in 6 cases (6％,6/95).all others were E.coli infection.For scanning electron microscope,6 cases were found rodshaped bacteria and hyphae.3 cases were found intracellular bacterial communities.Conclusions The presence of intracellular bacterial communities made urothelial itself the source of endogenous bacteria of urinary tract infection.Catheter-related urinary tract infections in patients with recurrence maybe basically homology bacteria.

Objective To investigate whether the protein kinase C inhibitor can promote the apopto- sis of multidrug resistance tumor cell lines which are induced by chemotherapy drugs.Methods Choose the KB/S(oral squamous cancer cell line)and KB/VCR(its multidrug resistant cell line)to compare the Adri- amycin-induced apoptosis with or without staurospolin(protein kinase C inhibitor).The apoptosis is stained with acridine orange,tested by flow cytometry,and approved by electron microscope.Results 36 hours after the treatment with 0.04 ?g/ml adriamycin,apoptotic cells of KB/S are 96.68%,and after 48 hours,the apop- totic cells of KB/VCR are 64.99%.When the concentration of adriamycin are augmented to 0.4?g/ml and 2.0?g/ml,the apoptotic cells of KB/VCR are 69.74% and 37.18% respectively.When treated with stau- rospolin together,the apoptotic cells of KB/VCR increased to 72.58%(?~2=4.5,P0.05)respectively.These results were testified by electron microscope and acridine orange-stain.Conclu- sion The resistance to apoptosis may be one of the mechanisms of multidrug resistance and the protein ki- nase C inhibitor may reverse this resistance by promoting the apoptosis of multidrug resistance tumor cells.

Objective To detect the argyrophilic proteins in nucleolar organizer regions(Ag-NORs) that express rDNA and rRNA proliferation of T lymphocytes before chemotherapy and after complete remission(CR) in children with primary acute leukemia(AL).Methods The argyrophilic granules area of NOR/nuclear area(I.S%) of T lymphocytes was detected by image analysis system in peripheral blood of 42 patients before chemotherapy and after CR and 30 normal children.Results I.S% in the patients before chemotherapy(5.06%?1.36%) were significantly lower than those in the healthy donors(7.51%?1.06%)(t=8.238 P0.05).Conclusion These results suggest that decrease of Ag-NORs expresses the evidence for tumour induced suppression of immune function of T cells in children with AL prior to treatment.

0.05).Overall prevalence of UI was 15.93% in the students,20.45% in those of junior high school,10.44% in senior high school and 16.72% in university(P0.05),accounting for 63.90%,10.47% and 25.63% of the total students with UI.Conclusions Great importance should be attached to the higher prevalence of LUTS in young and adolescent females by gynecologists and urologists.More attention should also be paid to health education on LUTS and medical care for those with LUTS to alleviate and delay occurrence of UI symptoms.

Objective To observe the effect of fructose(Fru),glucose (Glc)and exogenous nitric oxide donor sodium nitroprusside(SNP)on the germination of Psychotria rubra(Lour.)Poir. seeds under drought stress,and to explore the optimal concentration for clearing the drought stress. Methods We established the drought stress model of Psychotria rubra(Lour.)Poir. seeds with 15％(volume fraction)PEG6000 and 0.4 mol/L D-mannitol, measured the germination rate and germination index of Psychotria rubra (Lour.)Poir. seeds under drought stress combined treatment with different concentrations of Fru (0,300,500 μmol/L),Glc (0,300,500 μmol/L) and SNP(0 , 100 , 200 μmol/L). Results The germination process of Psychotria rubra(Lour .) Poir . seeds was significantly suppressed by drought stress. Fru,Glc and SNP could significantly promote the germination of Psychotria rubra (Lour.) Poir. seeds under drought stress. The optimal condition for clearing drought stress induced by 15％ PEG6000 was Fru 300 μmol/L, Glc 500 μmol/Land SNP 200 μmol/L, and the germination rate was 95％ under the optimal condition . The optimal condition for clearing drought stress induced by D-Mannitol was Fru 500 μmol/L, Glc 500 μmol/L and SNP 100 μmol/L, and the germination rate arrived to100％. Conclusion Fru,Glc and SNP can significantly alleviate the negative impact induced by drought stress for the Psychotria rubra(Lour.)Poir. seed germination,improve the drought-resistant ability of the seeds.

Humans ; Deglutition ; Time Factors ; Language

The problems during medical consumables selection were analyzed with a fishbone diagram.The selection process was optimized based on PDCA cycle,and a standardized selection plan for medical consumables was formulated by combining the practical experience of hospital management,and the practicability and feasibility of the selection plan was verified.References were provided for medical institutions to select cost-effective medical consumables.

Objective To investigate the brain mechanisms of aging of the visual attention. Methods Through the precue-target visual search paradigm using the event-related potentials technique,16 young and 16 elderly subjects participated the electrophysiological experiment.The background was comprised of three homocentric black circles and eight English capital letters consisted of each circle.The letter “T” was designed as the target stimulus.T was a target only when it located the circle clued to the same size of the precue.For example,when the cue was the “large”,“T” may appear within 3 circles.When the cue was the “median”,“T” may appear within either the median or small circles.When the cue was small,the target “T” may appear only within the small circle. Results The reaction time of the two groups of subjects became quick with the reduction of the cue scale,while the amplitudes of P1 and N1 components of event-related potentials increased with the decrease of the cue scale.Old subjects showed longer response time than did young subjects,and the posterior P1 component was enhanced significantly and N1 component was inhibited obviously.The P2 component was manifested as significantly inhibitory effect not only in the amplitude but also in the abnormal and unstable waveform.Conclusions The cognitive function of elderly subjects declines in the research of target stimuli,which suggests that the age-related changes could lead to deficit in the posterior area of the brain to visual spatial attention (involuntary attention).