OBJECTIVETo analyze the related factors of the infection after operation of open tibiofibula fractures.

METHODSThe clinical data of 141 patients with open tibiofibula fractures underwent surgical treatment from June 2009 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. All the patients were male and aged from 18 to 61 years old with an average of 39.2 years; all the fractures were unilateral. According to Gustilo typing of fracure, 5 cases were type I, 44 cases were type II, 27 cases were type III a, 56 cases were type III b and 9 cases were type III c. These clinical data included patients' age, gender, body mass index (BMI), underlying diseases, time of operation, fracture site, fracture type, fixation method, postoperative drainage, debridement condition and so on. The postoperative infection conditions were recorded, and the correlation between above factors and infections were analyzed. Finally, the significant related variables were introduced into a Logistic regression model to evaluated their risk.

RESULTSAmong the 141 patients, 22 cases developed with infection (15.6%). The significant relative factors with infection contained fixation method, debridement condition, underlying diseases and postoperative drainage (P < 0.05). The correlativities were stepped up in order, their odds ratios value was 2.451, 3.164, 3.414, 5.117, respectively.

CONCLUSIONActive treatment for underlying diseases before operation, thorough debridement for open wound, suitable fixation method for fracture and thorough draining are effective measures in preventing postoperative infection.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Debridement ; Fibula ; injuries ; Fractures, Open ; surgery ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Postoperative Complications ; etiology ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Surgical Wound Infection ; etiology ; Tibial Fractures ; surgery

OBJECTIVETo investigate the chemical constituents of dried whole plants of Artemisia annua.

METHODThe chemical constituents were isolated by repeated silica gel chromatography, medium pressure column chromatography, and semi-preparative HPLC, and their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses and comparison of NMR data with those reported in literature.

RESULT15 compounds were isolated and identified to be 5-O-[(E)-Caffeoyl] quinic acid(l), 1,3-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(2), 4 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(3), 3, 5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (4), 3, 4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid (5), methyl-3,4-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(6), methyl-3,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acid(7), 3,6'-O-diferuloylsucrose(8), 5'-β-D-glucopyranosyloxyjasmonic acid(9), Scopoletin(10), scoparone (11), 4-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-2-hydroxyl-6-methoxyacetophenone (12), chrysosplenol D (13), casticin (14), chrysosplenetin(15).

CONCLUSIONCompounds 2, 6, 8 and 9 are obtained from the Artemisia genus for the first time. Compounds 7 and 15 are obtained from this plant for the first time.

Artemisia annua ; chemistry ; Chromatography, Gel ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Flavonoids ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Plants, Medicinal ; Quinic Acid ; analogs & derivatives ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Silica Gel

A method of comprehensive chemical pattern recognition of Atractylodis Rhizoma was established by GC-MS fingerprint, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and discriminant analysis. A DB-wax column (0.25 mm x 60 m, 0.25 microm) with El ion source and 70 V electron multiplier were used for GC-MS analysis. Using principal component analysis, cluster analysis, and discriminant analysis, 15 common peaks of sample fingerprints for chemical pattern recognition research were analysed. The same results were obtained from the fingerprint, principal component analysis and cluster analysis, which could use to distinguish genuine Atractylodes lancea, ungenuine A. lancea and A. chinensis. Thus, this method could be used for the quality control and comprehensive evaluation of Atractylodis Rhizoma.
Atractylodes ; chemistry ; China ; Discriminant Analysis ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; chemistry ; Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry ; methods ; Quality Control ; Rhizome ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo detect the expression of human telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) protein and mRNA in bile duct carcinomas and the adjacent tissues and to elucidate its role in bile duct carcinogenesis.

METHODSThe expression of hTERT protein and hTERT mRNA in the formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded specimens of 71 cases of bile duct cancers and 39 cases of adjacent tissues was detected by streptavidin-peroxidase immunostaining and in situ hybridization. The correlation was analysed statistically between the expression of hTERT protein and mRNA and clinicopathological parameters bile duct carcinomas.

RESULTSThe positive rate of hTERT protein expression and mRNA expression in malignant specimens was 78.9% (56/71) and 67.6% (48/71), while that in the adjacent tissues was 35.9% (14/39) and 23.1% (9/39), respectively. All the positive signals were found in the hyperplastic biliary epithelia. No significant correlation was established between hTERT expression and clinicopathological parameters.

CONCLUSIONhTERT gene transcription and protein expression is most likely involved in the proliferation and malignant transformation of bile epithelia and the malignant progression of bile duct carcinomas. The detection of hTERT expression may serve elucidating the carcinogenesis of bile duct.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Bile Duct Neoplasms ; enzymology ; pathology ; DNA-Binding Proteins ; Female ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Male ; Middle Aged ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Telomerase ; analysis ; genetics

OBJECTIVETo establish a method for HPLC fingerprint determination of the triterpene acids in Poria cocos.

METHODRP-HPLC, linear gradient elution and LC/MS, etc. were used to optimize the fingerprint determination method, and identify the main peaks in the HPLC fingerprint.

RESULTA preferable method for HPLC fingerprint determination of the triterpene acids in P. cocos was established, and 9 peaks in the HPLC fingerprint were identified.

CONCLUSIONA general acquaintance of the triterpene acids in P. cocos can be obtained by using the preferable HPLC fingerprint determination method, which is useful for quality evaluation of the crud drug of P. cocos.

Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Polyporales ; chemistry ; Triterpenes ; analysis ; classification

AIMTo observe the effect of quercetin (Que) on the adhesion of platelets to cultured endothelial cells and adhesion molecule expression by human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and platelets.

METHODS[3H]-Adenine labeled platelets were incubated with HUVEC to investigate the effect of Que on adhesion of platelets to HUVEC. The number of platelets adhering to the HUVEC monolayer was determined by liquid scintillation spectroscopy. TNF-alpha induced HUVEC expression ICAM-1 and thrombin induced platelets expression of P-selectin were measured by flow cytometry.

RESULTSQue (0.3-2.4 mumol.L-1) was shown to inhibit the increase of P-selectin expression of thrombin activated platelets. Pretreatment of HUVEC with tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) significantly increased platelets adhesion to HUVEC and the expression ICAM-1. Que (0.6-2.4 mumol.L-1) inhibited this effect of TNF-alpha in a concentration-dependent manner.

CONCLUSIONQue can inhibit the adhesion of platelets to HUVEC and the expression of adhesion molecules (P-selectin and ICAM-1).

Blood Platelets ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Cell Adhesion ; drug effects ; Cells, Cultured ; Endothelium, Vascular ; drug effects ; metabolism ; Gene Expression ; drug effects ; Humans ; Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 ; metabolism ; P-Selectin ; metabolism ; Quercetin ; pharmacology ; Umbilical Veins ; cytology

To clarify the important functional residues in the active site of N-myristoyltransferase (NMT), a novel antifungal drug target, and to guide the design of specific inhibitors, multiple sequence alignments were performed on the NMT family and thus evolutionary trace was constructed. The important functional residues in myristoyl CoA binding site, catalytic center and inhibitor binding site of NMT family were identified by ET analysis. The trace residues were mapped onto the active site of CaNMT. Trpl26, Asn175 and Thr211 are highly conserved trace residues and do not interact with current NMT inhibitors, which are potential novel drug binding sites for the novel inhibitor design. Pro338, Leu350, Ile352 and Ala353 are class-specific trace residues, which are important for the optimization of current NMT inhibitors. The trace residues identified by ET analysis are of great importance to study the structure-function relationship and also to guide the design of specific inhibitors.
Acyl Coenzyme A ; metabolism ; Acyltransferases ; chemistry ; genetics ; metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Conserved Sequence ; Enzyme Inhibitors ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Evolution, Molecular ; Humans ; Imidazoles ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Models, Molecular ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oligopeptides ; chemistry ; pharmacology ; Phylogeny ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; Sequence Homology, Amino Acid

OBJECTIVETo assess the efficacy and safety of percutaneous cryoablation (PCC) and (125)I seed implantation combined with chemotherapy for advanced pancreatic cancer.

METHODSSixty-seven patients with advanced pancreatic cancer (6 in stage III, 61 in stage IV) received PCC and (125)I seed implantation combined with concomitant gemcitabine hydrochloride and DDP chemotherapy. The clinical benefit response (CBR), survival rate and therapy-related complications were assessed.

RESULTSAll patients except one were followed up over 1 year. The 6-month and 1-year survival rates were 84.8% and 33.4%, respectively. The median progression free survival were 6.3 months and 5.5 months in the group stage III and group stage IV (P > 0.05), respectively, while the overall survival was 9.1 months in the group stage III and 11.0 months in the group stage IV (P > 0.05). CR,PR and SD were achieved in 5, 8, 54 patients, respectively. Fifty-four and 50 in the 67 patients experienced a ≥ 50% reduction of pain score and analgesic consumption, respectively, 18 patients experienced a ≥ 2 kg weight gaining, and KPS was increasing from 71.2 ± 0.4 to (90.0 ± 0.3, P < 0.05), the overall benefit rate was 80.6%. No serious therapy-related complications except pancreatic fistula accompanied abdominal hemorrhage, bile leakage, acute pancreatitis and needle track seeding in 1, 1, 2 and 1 case, respectively.

CONCLUSIONPercutaneous cryoablation and (125)I seed implantation combined with chemotherapy are effective and safe for the treatment of advanced pancreatic cancer.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Brachytherapy ; methods ; Cisplatin ; administration & dosage ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Cryosurgery ; methods ; Deoxycytidine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives ; Disease-Free Survival ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Iodine Radioisotopes ; therapeutic use ; Liver Neoplasms ; secondary ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; pathology ; surgery ; therapy ; Survival Rate ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo summarize the sonographic features of the lymphoma in the abdominal lymph nodes.

METHODThe clinical data and sonographic findings of 41 lymphoma patients with original appearance of abdominal mass or lymphadenectasis were retrospectively analyzed.

RESULTSAmong these 41 cases, the retroperitoneal and mesenteric lymph nodes were most commonly involved.These patients were divided into two types according to sonographic appearances:solitary mass(n=14) and multiple nodules(n=27) .Solitary hypoechoic mass in abdomen was found in the former type, mostly with irregular or lobular shape, and the inner echo was often heterogenous.The typical appearances of the latter type were multiple enlarged lymph nodes, mostly round or oval, with homogeneous inner echo and clear margins.Some other sonographic characteristics were also helpful for the diagnosis of lymphoma, such as cobblestone sign, intranodular reticulation, vessels-embedded sign, and hilar vascularity.

CONCLUSIONUltrasonography can provide useful information in the diagnosis of the lymphoma in the abdominal lymph nodes.

Abdominal Neoplasms ; diagnostic imaging ; Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Lymph Nodes ; diagnostic imaging ; Lymphoma ; diagnostic imaging ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography ; Young Adult

This study focused on the intestinal absorption of traditional Chinese medicines (TCM) to reveal the scientific connotation of the compatibility of TCM pairs. The single pass intestinal perfusion (SPIP) was used in rats to compare the absorption of single extracts from Puerariae Lobatae Radix, single extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, combined extracts from Puerariae Lobatae Radix and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix and Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma mixture in rats. The content of puerarin, ginsenoside Rg1, ginsenoside Re and ginsenoside Rb1 in liquid were tested by HPLC. The speed constant (Ka) and apparent permeability coefficients (Papp) were calculated and compared. Specifically, the order of puerarin Ka and Papp values from high to low was Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix mixture > single extracts from Puerariae Lobatae Radix > combined extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix; the order of ginsenosides Ka and Papp values from high to low was Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix mixture > single extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma > combined extracts from Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix. The combined administration of Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma and Puerariae Lobatae Radix may improve the absorption in the intestinal tract.
Animals ; Ginsenosides ; pharmacokinetics ; Intestinal Absorption ; Isoflavones ; pharmacokinetics ; Male ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Panax ; chemistry ; Plant Extracts ; pharmacokinetics ; Pueraria ; chemistry ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Rhizome